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P NGUIN LASSICS
THEC 0Ml\1UNITS l\1ANIEFSTO
Borni nT rieirn t heR hinelainnd1 81,8K ARLl\ IARwXa st hes ono fa
Je\\�lsahw yerre,c entcloyn vertteoCd h ristiaAnsia t syt.u deinntB onn
andB erlil\nI,a rsxt udileadwa ndt hepnh ilohsyo.pH ej oinewdi tthh e
YoungH egeliansm,o sttrh aed icoafHl e gelfo'lsl oweirnsd ,e nyitnhga t
Hegelp'hsi losocpohuyl bde r econciwlietdCh h ristiaonrti hteey x isting
StatFeo.r ceodu to fu niveyr bsiyht irsa dicalhiesb me,c amaej ournalist
He
ands,o ona ftera, s ocialislte.fP tr ussfoira P ariasn dt henB russels,
\vherhee s tayeudn ti1l8 48I.n 1 844h eb egahni sc ollaborawtiitohn
FriedrEincghe lasn dd evelopae nde wt heoroyf c ommunistmo b e
broughitno t beinbgy a proletarrei\a'no luTthiiotsnh .e OIw)'a sb rilli
77zeC ommu1n\ifsatn ifesto.
antloyu tliniend �larpxa rticipiantt hee1d 8 48
rc\'oluatsia o nnesw spapeedri tionrC olognEex.i letdog ethweirt hhi s
familyt oL ondonh,e t rietdom akea liviwnrgi tifnogrt heJ VewY ork
HeraTlrdi bune
ando thejro urna,bl ustr emainefidn anciadlelpye ndent
Hsi
onE ngels.r esearcihnte hse B riti>.sIhu seu\m\ TIaTi meadt u nder
pinninhgi sc onceptioofcn o mmuniswmi tha theoroyf h istotrhya t
demonstrattheadct a pitalwiassma transieecnotn omifco rm destined
tob readko wna ndb es upersebdyea d s ociewtiyt hoculta sspersi,v ate
properotrys tataeu thoriTthyi.ss tudwya sn evecro mpletebdu,ti ts
Capital
firpsatr tw,h icwha sp ublishaesd in1 867e,s tablihsihmea dst he
princitphaelo riosfrt e volutiosnoacriya liHsem d.i edi nL ondoni n
1883.
Borni n\ \'estphian1l i8a2, 0F RIEDRICEHN GELwSa st hes ono fa
textimlaen ufactuAreftre.rm ilitatrrya iniinnBg e rliann da lreaad y
convetrotc ommunismE,n gelwse ntt o.lv lanchesitn1e 8r4 t2o r epresent
A
thefa milyfi rm. relationship \vith �a1 armByiu lrln-sah,na dn d,
friendshwiipt hl ocaOlw eniteasn dC hartihsetlsp etdo i nspihries
famous eawrolryk 17, 1Ceo ndofi tthiJeo' n1o rkinignEnl!)a nCdl ian1s 8s4 4.
CollaborawtiitohMn a rxb egainn 1 844 andi n1 847h ec omposetdh e
A1anifesto.
firsdtr atfso ft he Afteprl ayiannga ctip\a·rcit n t heG erman
re\'olutEinogneslr,se turnteodw orki nl\ 1anchesutnetri1 l8 70w,h en
he movedt o LondonH.e noto nlyh elpe:\dI arfxi nanciablulty ,
reinforctehde isrh arepdo sittihorno ughhio sw ne xpositoifot nhsen ew
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th�o.' .£erl\t larxd'esa thh,e p rpearde�t ht n edv olumeosf
Capital i895.
fopru blicatHieo dni.e idn L ondoinn
GARETHS TEDMAJNO NESi sP rofesosfoP ro litiSccaile ncient he
HistoFrayc ulotfyC ambridgUen iversaintdya FelloowfK ing'Cso l
legeC,a mbridgHee. i sa lsao D irectooftr h eC entroef H istoarnyd
EconomiactCs a mbridgHei.sp ublicatiinocnlsu Odue tLcasotn( di 7o91n, )
LanguaegfCe lsa( s1s9 a8n3da) n e ditioofnC harlFeosu rieThre,ryo etfh e
FoJu\rJ ov(1e 9m9e5n)t.s
Hei se speciianltleyr eisntt ehdeh istorpyo loift ical
thougahftt etrhe F rencRhe volution.
Tor qeueGsreta Btoo skF ounadtiDoins cuGsusiidoens
bym ai(lwh liseu ppllsai,tpe )lse caas(le8l 0 7087)-6 425
orE -maraiedli @npgenungipnuat.mcmo.
Toa ccGersesaB too kFso uantdiDoinus scsGiuodine s
onlivnieos,uiW rte bs iatte .epngiunpnuat.mocm
www
ort hFeou ndat\iNobens eia ttww w.rgeabtoosk.go.r
KarMla rxa ndF riedrEincghe ls
THE COMMUN IST
MANIFESTO
J;t!itIlztn ruaocndta inNodont ebys
GARETHSTEDJMOANNES
PENGUIN BOOKS
Tot ehm eomryef RpaheaSla umle
PENGUIN BOOKS
Publisbheytd h eP enguiGnr oup
PenguiBno okLst d8,0 S tranLdo,n donW C2R ORL,E ngland
PenguPiunt naImn c3.7,5 H udsoSnt reeNte,w YorkN,e w York1 0014U,S A
PengiunB ooksA ustraLltida2, 5 0C amberweRlola d,C amberweVlilc,t or3i1a2 4A,u stralia
PenguiBno okCsa nadLat d1,0 A lcornA venueT,o rontOon,t ariCoa,n adMa4 V 3B2
PenguiBno oksI ndi(aP L)t d1,1 C ommunitCye ntrPea,n chshPeaerlk N,e w Delh-i1 100 17I,n dia
PenguBiono ks( NZ)L tdC,n rR osedaalned A irborRnoea dsA,l banAyu,c klanNde,w Z ealand
PenguBiono ks( SoutAhf ric(aP)t yL)t d2,4 S turdAevee nuReo,s eban2k1 96S,o utAhf rica
PenguBiono kLst d, RegisOtffeircee8ds0 :S tranLdo,n donW C2R ORL,E ngland
www.penguin.com
Thitsr anslabtyiS oanm,u el\ll oorfei,rp sutb lish1e8d8 8
PublisihneP de nguiBno ob1 967
Thiesd itiwoint,Ih n troducatnidoN no tesp,u hlisihneP den guni Class:i.?c0s0 2
19
Introducatnido!'\' no tecso pyri©g hGtaretSht edmanjon2e0s0,2
Allr ighrtess er\'ed
Them orarli ghotft hee dithoarsb een< L�serted
Seti n1 0.25/pJt2l'\ .I5on otypBea skenille
TypesbeytR owlanld' hotot)l>LetsdeB,tu triSynt gE dmundsS,u ffolk
l'rinitnEl n'gdl anbdyC layLst dS,t l \'peise
Excepitnt hUen iteSdt atoefsA merictah,i bso oki ss olsdu l�ect
to thec ondittihoanit ts hanlolt h,y w ayo ft radoero the1wisbtel' e,l ll,
re-sohlidr,to 'udto ,r o thenvciisrec ulwaittehdo tuhtep ublisher's
priocro nseinnta nyfo nn ofb indionrgC O\'oetrh etrh atnh aitn
whicihti sp ublisahnrddw ithoau sti milcaorn ditiinocnl udtihnigs
conditbieoinn igm poseodnt hes ubsqucelplulr chaser
ISBN-1937:8 -10-4-0474 57-6
Conettns
..
Akconwegldeemtns
Vll
PART I
INTRODUCT!OJV
1.Pefa rce 3
2.77z eR epciteoofnt lzAea1 nsifeto 14
3.77z e' pSceet rCofmo mwzism' 27
4.17 zCem omunLeisatge u 39
5.E negls'C nortiubtion 50
6.A 1raxC'nosnt b"ut:iP orlnooeg u 70
7.77z eY uogn eHegi lans 7 4
(iH)eg ealn Hde gleainism 74
()iT ihBea ttloev eCrhi rstyia anntdih te
Emegrnecoeft hYeo unHgee gilans 82
()iT iheiY ounHgee gilaanagsi ntshte
'hCrsitiSaatent' go
8.F romR epuibcliasntmCo m omumn is 99
g.P olcitaEilcn ooyma n'd77ze T rueN atrauHlis tryo
ofM an' 120
1o .77z eI pmaefcS titm er 140
1.1C momunmis 145
(iT)h e CroinbtuotfAi doanSm m ith 145
()iT ihHe isotryL aowaf n Pdr orptey 148
v
CONTENTS
()iT ihiCe ont1epnoyrD aisrcusosfi on
Co1nn1usnmi
2.C oncusloin
l
1.3A G uidteFo ur tRheeiargnd
PART I I
KarNll aarnxFd r iedErnigcehl s:
THEC ONIMUNISMTA NIFESTO
.AJ oVtoent lzTeex t 9
l l
Prfeatcote hGee nra1nE ditoif8o 7n2 93
l l
Prefatcoe R tuhses Eidaiinoto nf1 8 82 159
Prefatcote hG ee nra1nE ditoif8o 8n3 97
l l
Praecfteo EtnhgelE idtsiihoo f1n8 88 199
Prfaecteot hGee nnaEnd itoif8o 9n0 250
l
Prfaecteot hPeol iEsdhi toif1o9 8n2 212
Prfaecteot hIet anEl diiatoif8o 9n3 251
l
Thl\ea.; nIeisfotfto h Ceo mumniPsatr ty 28
l
Boguoeris Paornltdeaa rnis 29
l. l
2.P oreltarainaCdno sm musntis 234
3.S ocita anlCdio ns1muinsLti teer atur254
ReactSioocinisaamryl 254
l.
aF.eu dlaS oacliism 254
b. tyPtB-eogueroSioscl iiasm 274
cG.e nr1a,n 'oTurr eS'o,c sima li 248
ConsetriovvBareo gueroSisoa)lc iism 252
ll . )
Criti-cUatpoliSaonc iisaamnl Cdom mnuism2 53
l Il.
Poiistoonft hCeo 1nmuniisnRt esli aottnot he
+
VariEoxiussgt O ipnopsiPtairotni es2 57
JVtoes 295
Idnex 277
\'l
Acklndgeoewmtesn
Inpr epatrhbiionsog Ihk va,e d rauwpno tnhi eng shtai nd inspiration
ofna1 nwyh o1n cIa n1nenontit ohnee rB.u Itm ust rescepoicradl 1ny
thastn otk howsheok nonwgiloyru nnko\vngilhyva ec otnruietbds o
mucthot hien ptreertaIht vaieod enev lpoeidnt hienr tocdiotunt:o
Ramyond sGasen uId\'s atHno n,wt itwhh o1n hIva et auHgehgt;e l
toE m1naR othhlisdwc itwhh o1n hIva ee xplotrhheeid s yto ofr
econotmhiohcut Ig.w oualldls kioet ot hatnhko wsheor eamdy
essaiyn1 a nnus:cC rhiinrpetn Anbsyrk,Sa la1yl eAxlnad,eE rdward
CastleTtroinsH,tu rnaDmta ,ne Pili clVlkir,Ri u bna ind \B;le\seTo in.
Thecirrcis itmaisn dg gessutainotdnh ses icrhao rkllnyo dwglheeva e
beeinn vball.Ieu nap repatrhimena gn uispcftror p ubclait,i oIn
woupladr tairclluyil tkoet haSnuks aLnohn1nea ,nI nnag uHl d
Nafrkaannod t hsae ttr hCee rneto fH istyoa rnEdco nomiacnsd,
myc opeydo irtC,ar olKinngihet I.a loswo em ucthoM aragrte
Hanbyua rnda,tP enugitno,S im\oV1ni ndferonr a1,k ipnogs sible
the nptsr heasopefte h viouslm eL.al symt,yg raetedsetbi tts o my
fmailyw hocsoen ssttainmtu alnaedtn icoaonegu mresnptru rene1d
ont oc ompetl hepitrjsoce t.
.
.
Vll
PART I
INTRODUCTION
