The character and biological treatability of log pond water

84 Pages·2014·1.64 MB·English

by  Hoffbuhr, Jack Wayne

APPROVflD
Redacted for privacy
Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering
in charge of major
Redacted for privacy
Head of De ptfriént of CiYEngine e ring
Redacted for privacy
Dean of Graduate School
Date thesis is preseiited /
Typed by Cheryl E. Curb for Jack Wayne Hoffbuhr
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The author wishes to express his gratitude and appreciation
to Fh follow in x, )'e and organizations who made this research
s s ible.
To the faculty and staff of the Department of Civil Engineering
for the use of the research facilities.
To the U.S. Public Health Service who supported the author's
educational program.
To Professor F. J. Burgess who provided much assistance
to enable the author to return to school.
To Dr. Frank D. Schaumburg for his many hours of consul-
tation and direction in all phases of the study.
To Dr. Donald C. Phillips for his advice and assistance.
To Michael Soderquist and Guy Blanton for their many helpful
suggestions and hours of help.
To my wife, Donna, and my daughter, Kristen, for their
enduring patience and constant encouragement. A special thanks
to my wife for typing and proof reading the rough draft many times.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION
General
1
Wood Products Industry in the Pacific Northwest
1
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE 5
The Chemical Nature of Log Pond Water 5
Wood Chemistry 5
Log Pond Studies 6
Biological Treatment of Log Pond Water
8
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION 10
Methods and Materials 10
General 10
Sampling Techniques 10
Sample Storage 14
Acclimation Procedure 15
Biological Treatability Study Procedure 16
Laboratory Tests 22
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 30
Composition of Log Pond Water 30
General 30
COD 34
BOD 35
Solids 36
Nitrogen 37
Phosphates 38
PBI 39
Dissolved Oxygen 40
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (Cont. )
Biological Treatability of Log Pond Water 40
COD Removal 40
BOD5 Removal 44
PBI Removal 45
Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids 49
Effluent Suspended Solids 52
Total Solids Removal 52
Oxygen Transfer Coefficients 55
Oxygen Uptake 60
SUMMARY 65
CONCLUSIONS 68
BIBLIOGRAPHY 69
APPENDIX
Pond A 72
Pond C 73
Pond D 74
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Typical log pond 12
1
Log pond water 12
2
Pond B 13
3
Diagram of experimental apparatus used for
4
biological treatability study 17
Aeration unit used for biological
5
treatability study 18
Aeration units in operation 19
6
Apparatus used in determining oxygen
7
transfer coefficients 26
Aeration tank used in determining oxygen
8
transfer coefficients 27
Total and soluble COD removals obtained by
9
Aeration Unit 1 treating log pond water 42
10 BOD removals obtained by aeration units
5
treating log pond water 46
PBI removals obtained by aeration units
11
treating log pond water 48
MLSS accumulation in aeration units
12
treating log pond water 50
Effluent suspended solids for aeration units
13
treating log pond water 53
KLa determination for distilled water 58
14
l termination for log pond water 59
15 K
La
16 Oxygen uptake by MLSS from Aeration Unit 1 62
Oxygen uptake by MLSS from Aeration Unit 2 63
17
LIST OF TABLES
Page
Physical characteristics of log ponds studied
11
1
Aeration unit flow rates 20
2
Chemical characteristics of log ponds studied 31
3
Total and soluble COD removals by aeration
4
units treating log pond water 41
BOD removals obtained by aeration units
5
treati5ng log pond water 45
PBI removals obtained by aeration units
6
treating log pond water 47
Influent suspended solids, MLSS, effluent
7
suspended solids and sludge ages for aeration
units treating log pond water 51
Total solids removal and percent volatile
8
solids for aeration units treating log pond water 54
Oxygen transfer data 56
9
10 Results of oxygen transfer tests 57
11 Oxygen uptake data 61
Results of oxygen uptake tests 64
12
THE CHARACTER AND BIOLOGICAL TREATABILITY
OF LOG POND WATERS
INTRODUCTION
General
Down through the ages, man has relied upon wood as one of his
principal nattira' ,-;sources. Even in today's complex industrial so-
ciety, wood is the world's most widely used raw material. Although
the primary use of wood is still as a construction material, techno-
logical advances in wood chemistry and related fields have given
birth to a whole new realm of forest products. The manufacture
of pulp and paper, packaging materials, cellulosic fiber, plastics,
drugs and other wood chemicals constitute vast industries and con-
sume huge quantities of wood.
Wood Products Industry in the Pacific Northwest
The magnificent forests of the Pacific Northwest supply a very
large percentage of the timber used in the United States. These
forests contain 42 percent of all the softwood sawtimber and 35 per-
cent of the total sawtimber in the Nation. Furthermore, during
1963 this region produced 41 percent of all the softwood lumber
manufactured in the United States, and in 1962 produced 16 percent
of the Nation's wood pulp (21). Obviously, the timber resources of