The Cambridge Companion to Kant and Modern Philosophy

739 Pages·2007·2.76 MB·English

by  Paul Guyer (ed.)

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the cambridge companion to
KANT AND MODERN PHILOSOPHY
ThephilosophyofImmanuelKantisthewatershedofmod-
ernthought,whichirrevocablychangedthelandscapeofthe
field and prepared the way for all the significant philosoph-
ical movements of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Thisvolume,whichcomplementsTheCambridgeCompan-
ion to Kant, covers every aspect of Kant’s philosophy, with
an expanded focus on his moral and political philosophy. It
also provides detailed coverage of Kant’s historical context
and of the enormous impact and influence that his work
hashadonthesubsequenthistoryofphilosophy.Thebibli-
ography provides extensive and organized coverage of both
classicalandrecentbooksonKantinthemainlanguagesof
Kant scholarship. This volume thus provides the broadest
and deepest introduction to Kant and his place in modern
philosophy currently available. It makes the philosophical
enterpriseofKantaccessibletothosecomingtohisworkfor
thefirsttime.
PaulGuyerisFlorenceR.C.MurrayProfessorintheHuman-
itiesattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Theeditorandtrans-
latorofthreevolumesintheCambridgeEditionoftheWorks
ofImmanuelKant,heistheauthorofmorethan150articles
andsixbooks.HehasheldfellowshipsfromtheJohnSimon
Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, the National Endow-
ment for the Humanities, and at the Princeton University
CenterforHumanValues.HeisamemberoftheAmerican
AcademyofArtsandSciences.
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other volumes in the series of cambridge companions:
AQUINAS Editedbynorman kretzmannandeleonore stump
HANNAH ARENDT Editedbydana villa
ARISTOTLE Editedbyjonathan barnes
AUGUSTINE Editedbyeleonore stumpand
norman kretzmann
BACON Editedbymarkku peltonen
BERKELEY Editedbykenneth p. winkler
DESCARTES Editedbyjohn cottingham
DUNS SCOTUS Editedbythomas williams
EARLY GREEK PHILOSOPHY Editedbya. a. long
FEMINISM IN PHILOSOPHY Editedbymiranda frickerand
jennifer hornsby
FOUCAULT Editedbygary gutting
FREUD Editedbyjerome neu
GADAMER Editedbyrobert j. dostal
GALILEO Editedbypeter machamer
GERMAN IDEALISM Editedbykarl ameriks
HABERMAS Editedbystephen k. white
HEGEL Editedbyfrederick beiser
HEIDEGGER Editedbycharles guignon
HOBBES Editedbytom sorell
HUME Editedbydavid fate norton
HUSSERL Editedbybarry smithand
david woodruff smith
WILLIAM JAMES Editedbyruth anna putnam
KANT Editedbypaul guyer
KIERKEGAARD Editedbyalastair hannayand
gordon marino
LEIBNIZ Editedbynicholas jolley
LOCKE Editedbyvere chappell
MALEBRANCHE Editedbysteven nadler
MARX Editedbyterrell carver
MILL Editedbyjohn skorupski
NEWTON Editedbyi. bernard cohenand
george e. smith
NIETZSCHE Editedbybernd magnusand
kathleen higgins
OCKHAM Editedbypaul vincent spade
PLATO Editedbyrichard kraut
PLOTINUS Editedbylloyd p. gerson
ROUSSEAU Editedbypatrick riley
SARTRE Editedbychristina howells
SCHOPENHAUER Editedbychristopher janaway
SPINOZA Editedbydon garrett
WITTGENSTEIN Editedbykans slugaand
david stern
Cambridge Collections Online © Cambridge University Press, 2007
ii
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The Cambridge Companion to
KANT AND
MODERN
PHILOSOPHY
Edited by
Paul Guyer
UniversityofPennsylvania
Cambridge Collections Online © Cambridge University Press, 2007
iii
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cambridge university press
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TheCambridgecompaniontoKantandmodernphilosophy/edited
byPaulGuyer.
p. cm.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
isbn-13:978-0-521-82303-6(hardback)
isbn-10:0-521-82303-x(hardback)
isbn-13:978-0-521-52995-2(pbk.)
isbn-10:0-521-52995-6(pbk.)
1.Kant,Immanuel,1724–1804. 2.Philosophy,Modern. I.Guyer,Paul,
1948– II.Title.
b2798.c365 2006
193–dc22 2005029335
isbn-13 978-0-521-82303-6hardback
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isbn-13 978-0-521-52995-2paperback
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contents
Foreword page vii
Contributors ix
Method of Citation xiii
Introduction: The starry heavens
and the moral law 1
paul guyer
1. “A Priori” 28
philip kitcher
2. Kant on the perception of space (and time) 61
gary hatfield
3. Kant’s philosophy of mathematics 94
lisa shabel
4. Kant on a priori concepts: The metaphysical
deduction of the categories 129
be´atrice longuenesse
5. Kant’s philosophy of the cognitive mind 169
patricia kitcher
6. Kant’s proofs of substance and causation 203
arthur melnick
7. Kant and transcendental arguments 238
ralph c. s. walker
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vi contents
8. The critique of metaphysics: The structure
and fate of Kant’s dialectic 269
karl ameriks
9. Philosophy of natural science 303
michael friedman
10. The supreme principle of morality 342
allen w. wood
11. Kant on freedom of the will 381
henry e. allison
12. Mine and thine? The Kantian state 416
robert b. pippin
13. Kant on sex and marriage right 447
jane kneller
14. Kant’s theory of peace 477
pauline kleingeld
15. Kant’s conception of virtue 505
lara denis
16. Kant’s ambitions in the third Critique 538
paul guyer
17. Moral faith and the highest good 588
frederick c. beiser
18. Kant’s critical philosophy and its
reception – the first five years (1781–1786) 630
manfred kuehn
Bibliography 665
Index 709
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foreword
The Cambridge Companion to Kant was published in 1992. Since
that time, interest in Kant has remained strong and Kant scholar-
shiphascontinuedtoflourish.WhenthelateanddearlymissedTerry
Moore,atthattimeExecutiveEditoroftheHumanitiesatCambridge
University Press, first proposed this volume, he may have had in
mind that the authors of the 1992 text would update their essays
and that I would update the bibliography. But it seemed to me that
itwouldbemoreinterestingtoproduceaverydifferentvolumethat
wouldsupplementratherthansupplanttheearlierbook.Ihavebeen
fortunate to be able to recruit new essays from some of the con-
tributorstoTheCambridgeCompaniontoKant,althoughinmany
casestheyhavewrittenontopicsdifferentfromthosetheyaddressed
in that volume. And I have been equally fortunate in signing up a
healthy number of new contributors, including both senior mem-
bersofthecommunityofKantscholarsandseveralofthebrightest
newlightsinthefield.
Thisnewvolumeislargerthantheearlierbookprimarilybecause
itincludesmoreextensivecoverageofKant’smoralandpoliticalphi-
losophy. The aims of this Companion are also somewhat different
thanthoseofthefirst.TowritethehistoryofthepositionofKantin
modernphilosophy,thatis,ofbothhisresponsetopreviousphiloso-
phyandhisimpactonthesubsequenthistoryofphilosophy,would
betantamounttowritingacomprehensivehistoryofmodernphilos-
ophy,andatthispointintimemaywellbebeyondthecapacityofany
single person. But I thought that this volume could make at least a
startonsuchaproject,andaccordinglyaskedthateachessayaddress
boththehistoricalcontextandthehistoricalimpactoftheparticular
topic in Kant that it concerns. Contributors have responded to this
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viii foreword
charge in different ways, but all have done so in interesting ways. I
therefore hope that this volume will not only introduce readers to
theextraordinarybreadthaswellasdepthofKant’sthought,butalso
makeastartontheprojectofassessingtheextraordinarybreadthand
depthofKant’sinfluenceontheentirecourseofmodernphilosophy.
In addition to Terry Moore, who has left the whole series of
Cambridge Companions to the philosophers as one among the
many lasting monuments to his life’s work at Cambridge Univer-
sity Press, two of the contributors to the earlier Companion, Eva
Schaper and J. Michael Young, have also passed away since 1992.
They are all remembered here with affection and gratitude. I am
also grateful to Beatrice Rehl for her unstinting support in spite of
thecircumstancesinwhichsheinheritedthisproject.
PAULGUYER
February,2005
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contributors
henry e. allison is Professor of Philosophy at the University of
California,Davis.HisbooksincludeLessingandtheEnlightenment
(1966),TheKant-EberhardControversy(1973),BenedictdeSpinoza:
AnIntroduction(1975;revisededition,1987),Kant’sTranscendental
Idealism:AnInterpretationandDefense(1983;revisedandenlarged
edition,2004),Kant’sTheoryofFreedom(1990),IdealismandFree-
dom(1996),andKant’sTheoryofTaste:AReadingoftheCritiqueof
Judgment(2001).HealsoeditedKant’sTheoreticalPhilosophyafter
1781(2002,withPeterHeath).
karl ameriks is McMahon-Hank Professor of Philosophy at the
University of Notre Dame. He is the author of Kant’s Theory of
Mind(1982;secondedition,2000),KantandtheFateofAutonomy
(2000), and Interpreting Kant’s Critiques (2003). He has edited and
translatedKant’sLecturesonMetaphysics(1997)andKarlLeonhard
Reinhold’sLettersontheKantianPhilosophy(2005).Healsoedited
TheCambridgeCompaniontoGermanIdealism(2000).
frederick c. beiser is Professor of Philosophy at Syracuse Uni-
versity. His books include The Fate of Reason: German Philoso-
phy from Kant to Fichte (1987), Enlightenment, Revolution, and
Romanticism: The Genesis of Modern German Political Thought,
1790–1800(1992),TheSovereigntyofReason:TheDefenseofRatio-
nalityintheEarlyEnglishEnlightenment(1996),GermanIdealism:
The Struggle against Subjectivism, 1781–1801 (2002), The Roman-
ticImperative:TheConceptofEarlyGermanRomanticism(2003),
andHegel(2005).HehasalsoeditedTheCambridgeCompanionto
Hegel(1993)andTheEarlyPoliticalWritingsoftheGermanRoman-
tics(1996).
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