The Brigham Intensive Review of Internal Medicine Question and Answer Companion

241 Pages·2014·6.33 MB·English

by  Ajay K. Singh

THE BR IGH A M I NT ENSI V E R EV I EW
OF I NTER NA L M EDICI NE QU ESTION
A ND A NSW ER COMPA NION

THE BR IGHAM INTENSIVE
R EVIEW OF INTER NAL
MEDICINE QUESTION
AND ANSWER COMPANION
EDITED BY
Ajay K. Singh, MBBS, FRCP, MBA Joseph Loscalzo, MD, PhD
DIRECTOR, GLOBAL PROGRAMS HERSEY PROFESSOR OF THE THEORY
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE AND PRACTICE OF PHYSIC
HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
PHYSICIAN, RENAL DIVISION CHAIRMAN, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE
DIRECTOR, POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL PHYSICIAN-IN-CHIEF
EDUCATION BRIGHAM AND WOMEN’S HOSPITAL
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS
BRIGHAM AND WOMEN’S HOSPITAL
BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS
1
1

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The Brigham intensive review of internal medicine question and answer companion / edited by Ajay K. Singh, MBBS, FRCP (UK), MBA,
Director, Global Programs, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School Physician, Renal Division, Director, Postgraduate
Medical Education, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, Joseph Loscalzo, MD, PhD,
Hersey Professor Of The Theory And Practice Of Physic, Harvard Medical School, Chairman, Department Of Medicine,
Physician-In-Chief, Brigham And Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
pages cm
ISBN 978–0–19–935849–6 (alk. paper)
1. Internal medicine—Examinations, questions, etc. 2. American Board of Internal Medicine—Examinations—Study guides.
I. Singh, Ajay, 1960– editor. II. Loscalzo, Joseph, editor.
RC58.B75 2014
616.0076—dc23
2014019690
This material is not intended to be, and should not be considered, a substitute for medical or other professional advice.
Treatment for the conditions described in this material is highly dependent on the individual circumstances. And, while
this material is designed to offer accurate information with respect to the subject matter covered and to be current as of
the time it was written, research and knowledge about medical and health issues is constantly evolving and dose schedules
for medications are being revised continually, with new side effects recognized and accounted for regularly. Readers
must therefore always check the product information and clinical procedures with the most up-to-date published product
information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulation.
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or completeness of this material. Without limiting the foregoing, the publisher and the authors make no representations
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consequence of the use and/or application of any of the contents of this material.
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Printed in the United States of America
on acid-free paper
PREFACE
Preparing for the American Board of Internal Medicine physicians in the department. We sincerely thank them
(ABIM) certifying or recertifying examination requires for their efforts and commitment to this project. We asked
knowledge and clinical experience that can be evaluated them to put themselves “in the head” of the ABIM to iden-
by successfully answering questions in a test format. In this tify the topics that might be addressed in the board exami-
Question and Answer book, our goal is to provide you with nation. We believe this book will be a valuable study tool to
500 questions across 10 subspecialties in internal medicine. gauge your knowledge as you prepare for the exaxmination.
These questions test knowledge on topics relevant to the We wish to thank Stephanie Tran and Michelle Deraney
ABIM boards. As a companion to the Brigham Intensive for supporting us in the development of this book. Thanks
Review of Internal Medicine, now in its second edition, this also to Anika Singh for helping with the final stages of the
book is focused on how you apply knowledge to answer book. Without them this book would not have been possible.
board questions successfully. The annotated answers are Our thanks also go to our families who have supported all
detailed, and they review the steps in critical thinking of our academic activities, including this important project.
required to get to the correct answer.
The authors who have contributed questions and anno- Ajay K. Singh, MBBS, FRCP, MBA
tated answers to this book are some of our most senior Joseph Loscalzo, MD, PhD
v

CONTENTS
Contributors ix 6. Nephrology and Hypertension 125
Karandeep Singh and Ajay K. Singh
1. Infectious Diseases 1
7. Digestive Diseases and Disorders of the Pancreas
Jennifer A. Johnson, Michael S. Calderwood, and Liver 141
Sarah P. Hammond, Rebeca M. Plank,
Robert S. Burakoff, Muthoka Mutinga, and
Dylan B. Tierney, and Sigal Yawetz
Molly L. Perencevich
2. Hematology and Oncology 27
8. Cardiovascular Disease 160
Lawrence Shulman, Ann LaCasce, Wendy Y. Chen,
Thomas S. Metkus Jr., Patrick O’Gara,
Yuksel Urun, Toni K. Choueiri, Jean M. Connors,
and Donna M. Polk
Peter Enzinger, Nancy Berliner, Maureen M. Okam,
9. Neurology 185
Mark M. Pomerantz, David M. Jackman,
Brett E. Glotzbecker, Edwin P. Alyea, Galen V. Henderson
Daniel J. DeAngelo, Robert I. Handin,
10. General Internal Medicine 202
Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, and
Whitney W. Woodmansee Nikhil Wagle, Christopher Gibson, Ami Bhatt,
Molly L. Perencevich, William Martinez,
3. Rheumatology 49
Jason Ojeda, Rose Kakoza, and Lindsay King
Derrick J. Todd and Jonathan S. Coblyn
4. Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine 76
Index 223
Michael H. Cho and Christopher H. Fanta
5. Endocrinology 101
Carolyn Becker, Amir Tirosh, Ole-Petter R. Hamnvik,
Le Min, Klara Rosenquist, Anand Vaidya,
Whitney W. Woodmansee, Bindu Chamarthi,
and Matthew Kim
vii

CONTRIBUTORS
Edwin P. Alyea III, MD Michael S. Calderwood, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine Instructor in Medicine
Harvard Medical School Harvard Medical School
Medical Oncologist Division of Infectious Diseases
Dana Farber Cancer Institute Department of Medicine
Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, MA
Boston, MA
Bindu Chamarthi, MD
Carolyn Becker, MD Instructor in Medicine
Associate Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School
Harvard Medical School Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension Department of Medicine
Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, MA
Boston, MA
Wendy Y. Chen, MD, MPH
Nancy Berliner, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine
Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School
Harvard Medical School Medical Oncology
Division of Hematology Dana Farber Cancer Institute
Department of Medicine Department of Medicine
Brigham and Women’s Hospital Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Boston, MA Boston, MA
Ami Bhatt, MD, PhD Michael H. Cho, MD, MPH
Instructor in Medicine Assistant Professor in Medicine
Harvard Medical School Harvard Medical School
Medical Oncology Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Dana Farber Cancer Institute Department of Medicine
Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, MA
Boston, MA
Toni K. Choueiri, MD
Robert S. Burakoff, MD, MPH Associate Professor of Medicine
Associate Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School
Harvard Medical School Medical Oncology
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Department of Medicine Department of Medicine
Brigham and Women’s Hospital Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Boston, MA Boston, MA
ix