The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alborán Sea, western Mediterranean)

178 Pages·2002·3.4 MB·English

by  Cantero, A L Peña

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The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands
(Alborán Sea, western Mediterranean)
A.L. Peña Cantero & A.M. García Carrascosa
Peña Cantero, A.L. & A.M. García Carrascosa. The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands
(Alborán Sea, western Mediterranean).
Zool. Verh. Leiden 337, ##.v.2002: 1-180, figs 1-31, table 1.–– ISSN 0024-1652. ISBN 90-73239-81-8.
A.L. Peña Cantero & A.M. García Carrascosa, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias
Biológicas, Universidad de Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain. (e-mail:
[email protected]/[email protected])
Keywords: Hydrozoa; hydroids; benthos; biodiversity; ecology; biogeography; new species.
The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Western Mediterranean), collected during a sur-
vey in the summer of 1991, has been studied. A total of 86 species, 20 athecate hydroids and 66 thecate
hydroids, has been recorded. For every species, the synonymy, a survey of the material studied and
data concerning ecology and distribution are included. The majority of the species has been figured
and the most important have been (re)described.
Contents
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................6
Material and Methods ...................................................................................................................................7
Station list ...........................................................................................................................................................8
Taxonomic account ......................................................................................................................................22
Family Bougainvilliidae Allman, 1863 ...............................................................................................22
Genus BougainvilliaLesson, 1863 ...................................................................................................22
Bougainvillia muscusAllman, 1863 ........................................................................................22
Family Clavidae McCrady, 1859 ...........................................................................................................25
Genus ClavaGmelin, 1791 .................................................................................................................25
Clava multicornis(Forskål, 1775) .............................................................................................25
Genus TurritopsisMcCrady, 1857 ..................................................................................................26
Turritopsis nutriculaMcCrady, 1857 .....................................................................................26
Family Eudendriidae L. Agassiz, 1862 ...............................................................................................26
Genus EudendriumEhrenberg, 1834 .............................................................................................26
Eudendrium capillareAlder, 1856 ............................................................................................27
Eudendrium glomeratumPicard, 1951 ....................................................................................29
Eudendrium merulumWatson, 1985 .......................................................................................30
Eudendrium moulouyensisMarques, Peña Cantero & Vervoort, 2000 ...................31
Eudendrium racemosum(Gmelin, 1781) ................................................................................33
Eudendrium rameum(Pallas, 1766) .........................................................................................35
Eudendrium ramosum(Linnaeus, 1758) ................................................................................37
Eudendrium simplexPieper, 1884 ............................................................................................38
Eudendriumspec. ...........................................................................................................................39
Family Hydractiniidae L. Agassiz, 1862 ............................................................................................39
Genus HydractiniaVan Beneden, 1841 ........................................................................................39
Hydractinia calderiBouillon, Medel & Peña Cantero, 1997 ........................................39
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Hydractinia carnea(M. Sars, 1846) ..........................................................................................40
Hydractinia hooperi(Sigerfoos, 1899) .....................................................................................41
Hydractinia inermis(Allman, 1872) ........................................................................................41
Family Tubulariidae Allman, 1864 .......................................................................................................43
Genus EctopleuraL. Agassiz, 1862 .................................................................................................43
Ectopleura wrightiPetersen, 1979 ............................................................................................43
Family Corynidae Johnston, 1836 .........................................................................................................45
Genus CoryneGaertner, 1774 ...........................................................................................................45
Coryne muscoides(Linnaeus, 1761) .........................................................................................45
Family Cladocorynidae Allman, 1872 ................................................................................................46
Genus CladocoryneRotch, 1871 .......................................................................................................46
Cladocoryne flocosaRotch, 1871 ................................................................................................46
Family Zancleidae Russell, 1953 ............................................................................................................47
Genus ZancleaGegenbaur, 1856 .....................................................................................................47
Zanclea costataGegenbaur, 1856 .............................................................................................47
Family Campanulinidae Hincks, 1868 ................................................................................................48
Genus EgmundellaStechow, 1921 ..................................................................................................48
Egmundella amirantensisMillard & Bouillon, 1973 .........................................................48
Genus OpercularellaHincks, 1868 ..................................................................................................49
Opercularellaspec. .........................................................................................................................49
Family Lovenellidae Russell, 1953 ........................................................................................................49
Genus LovenellaHincks, 1868 ..........................................................................................................49
Lovenella clausa(Lovén, 1836) ..................................................................................................49
Family Tiarannidae Russell, 1940 .........................................................................................................52
Genus ModeeriaForbes, 1848 ...........................................................................................................52
Modeeria rotunda(Quoy & Gaimard, 1827) ........................................................................52
Family Lafoeidae Hincks, 1868 ..............................................................................................................53
Genus FilellumHincks, 1868 ............................................................................................................53
Filellum disaggregatumPeña Cantero, García Carrascosa & Vervoort, 1998 ......53
Filellum serratum(Clarke, 1879) ..............................................................................................53
Filellumspec. 1 ................................................................................................................................54
Filellumspec. 2 ................................................................................................................................55
Family Hebellidae Fraser, 1912 ..............................................................................................................57
Genus AnthohebellaBoero, Bouillon & Kubota, 1997 ............................................................57
Anthohebella parasitica(Ciamician, 1880) ............................................................................57
Genus HebellaAllman, 1888 .............................................................................................................58
Hebella scandens(Bale, 1888) .....................................................................................................58
Genus ScandiaFraser, 1912 ...............................................................................................................59
Scandia gigas(Pieper, 1884) .......................................................................................................59
Family Haleciidae Hincks, 1868 .............................................................................................................63
Genus HaleciumOken, 1815 .............................................................................................................63
Halecium delicatulum(Coughtrey, 1876) ..............................................................................63
Halecium lankesteriBourne, 1890 ............................................................................................66
Halecium petrosumStechow, 1919 ..........................................................................................69
Halecium pusillum(M. Sars, 1856) ..........................................................................................71
Halecium sibogae marocanumBillard, 1934 ..........................................................................74
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Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa. Mediterranean hydroids. Zool. Verh. Leiden 337 (2002) 5
Halecium tenellumHincks, 1861 ..............................................................................................75
Haleciumspec. .................................................................................................................................77
Genus HydrantheaHincks, 1868 .....................................................................................................79
Hydranthea margarica(Hincks, 1863) ....................................................................................79
Genus HydrodendronHincks, 1874 ................................................................................................81
Hydrodendron mirabile(Hincks, 1866) ...................................................................................81
Genus MitrocomiumHaeckel, 1879 ...............................................................................................82
Mitrocomiumspec. .........................................................................................................................82
Family Aglaopheniidae Broch, 1918 ....................................................................................................83
Genus AglaopheniaLinnaeus, 1758 ................................................................................................83
Aglaophenia acacia Allman, 1883 .............................................................................................83
Aglaophenia elongataMeneghini, 1845 ..................................................................................86
Aglaophenia kirchenpaueri(Heller, 1868) ..............................................................................87
Aglaophenia lophocarpaAllman, 1877 ....................................................................................88
Aglaophenia octodonta(Heller, 1868) ......................................................................................89
Aglaophenia picardiSvoboda, 1979 .........................................................................................91
Aglaophenia pluma(Linnaeus, 1758) ......................................................................................92
Aglaophenia tubiformisMarktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 ............................................93
Family Halopterididae ...............................................................................................................................95
Genus AntennellaAllman, 1877 ......................................................................................................95
Antennella ansinispec. nov. .......................................................................................................95
Antennella secundaria(Gmelin, 1791) .................................................................................100
Genus HalopterisAllman, 1877 .....................................................................................................102
Halopteris diaphana(Heller, 1868) .........................................................................................102
Halopteris liechtensternii(Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890) ...................................103
Family Kirchenpaueriidae (Linnaeus, 1758) ..................................................................................106
Genus KirchenpaueriaJickeli, 1883 ...............................................................................................106
Kirchenpaueria pinnata(Linnaeus, 1758) ............................................................................106
Genus VentrommaStechow, 1923 ................................................................................................108
Ventromma halecioides(Alder, 1859) ....................................................................................108
Family Plumulariidae L. Agassiz, 1862.............................................................................................111
Genus MonothecaNutting, 1900 ...................................................................................................111
Monotheca obliqua(Johnston, 1847) .....................................................................................111
Genus NemertesiaLamouroux, 1812 ..........................................................................................114
Nemertesia perrieri(Billard, 1901) .........................................................................................114
Nemertesia ramosa(Lamarck, 1816) .....................................................................................115
Genus Plumularia Lamarck, 1816 ................................................................................................117
Plumularia setacea(Linnaeus, 1758) .....................................................................................117
Family Syntheciidae Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 ............................................................119
Genus SyntheciumAllman, 1872 ..................................................................................................119
Synthecium evansii(Ellis & Solander, 1786) .....................................................................119
Family Sertulariidae Lamouroux, 1812 ............................................................................................121
Genus DynamenaLamouroux, 1812 ...........................................................................................121
Dynamena disticha(Bosc, 1802) ..............................................................................................121
Genus SalaciaLamouroux, 1816 ..................................................................................................122
Salaciadesmoides(Torrey, 1902) ............................................................................................122
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6 Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa. Mediterranean hydroids. Zool. Verh. Leiden 337 (2002)
Genus SertularellaGray, 1848 ........................................................................................................124
Sertularella ellisii ellisii(Deshayes & Milne Edwards, 1836) ....................................124
Sertularella ellisii ornataBroch, 1933 ....................................................................................126
Sertularella fusiformis(Hincks, 1861) ...................................................................................128
Sertularella lagenoidesStechow, 1919 ..................................................................................131
Sertularella mediterraneaHartlaub, 1901 ............................................................................133
Sertularella polyzonias(Linnaeus, 1758) .............................................................................134
Genus SertulariaLinnaeus, 1758 ..................................................................................................136
Sertularia distansLamouroux, 1816 .....................................................................................136
Sertularia perpusillaStechow, 1919 ......................................................................................138
Family Campanulariidae Johnston, 1836 ........................................................................................138
Genus CampanulariaLamarck, 1816 ...........................................................................................138
Campanularia hincksiiAlder, 1856 ........................................................................................138
Campanularia volubilis(Linnaeus, 1758) ............................................................................142
Genus ClytiaLamouroux, 1812 ....................................................................................................145
Clytia gracilis(M. Sars, 1850) ..................................................................................................145
Clytia hemisphaerica(Linnaeus, 1767) .................................................................................147
Clytia linearis(Thornely, 1900) ..............................................................................................149
Clytia paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910) .......................................................................................152
Clytiaspec. ......................................................................................................................................154
Genus LaomedeaLamouroux, 1812 .............................................................................................156
Laomedea pseudodichotomaVervoort, 1959 ........................................................................156
Laomedeaspec. 1 ...........................................................................................................................157
Laomedeaspec. 2 ...........................................................................................................................157
Genus ObeliaPéron & Lesueur, 1810 .........................................................................................159
Obelia bidentataClarke, 1875 ..................................................................................................159
Obelia dichotoma(Linnaeus, 1758) ........................................................................................161
Obelia geniculata(Linnaeus, 1758) .......................................................................................162
Genus OrthopyxisL. Agassiz, 1862 .............................................................................................163
Orthopyxis asymmetricaStechow, 1919 ..............................................................................163
Orthopyxis crenata(Hartlaub, 1901) ....................................................................................165
Orthopyxis integra(Macgllivray, 1842) ..............................................................................166
References ......................................................................................................................................................167
Introduction
Although the Mediterranean hydroid fauna is relatively well known this knowl-
edge mainly concerns the north coasts of the western basin and the Adriatic; in those
areas most of the hydroid studies have been conducted. The hydroid fauna of the
eastern basin and the North African coasts is badly known; in the former local studies
have been done only in Syria (Billard, 1931a), Egypt (Billard, 1936; El Beshbeeshy,
1993; 1994a, 1994b; 1995a; 1995b), Israel (Picard, 1958b; Vervoort, 1993), Greece (Yama-
da, 1965; Marinopoulos, 1979; Morri & Bianchi, 1999) and off the Turkish coasts
(Marinopoulos, 1979). From the North African coasts there is, besides the papers by
Billard (1936) and El Beshbeeshy (1993; 1994a, 1994b; 1995a; 1995b) mentioned above,
only the study by Picard (1955) from off Castiglione (Algeria).
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Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa. Mediterranean hydroids. Zool. Verh. Leiden 337 (2002) 7
As far as the Alborán Sea is concerned, there are no studies of the littoral hydroid
fauna of the North African coasts, with the exception of that from Castiglione by
Picard (1955). The northern coasts of the Alborán Sea are not much better known,
since there are only records from local samplings in the Spanish littoral by García-Car-
rascosa (1981). Templado et al. (1986) gave a list of species from off Seco de los Olivos
(Almería), and Alborán Island, collected between 60 and 300 m depth. Ramil & Ver-
voort (1992) published a study on the deep-water hydroid fauna of the Ibero-Moroc-
can Gulf, the Strait of Gibraltar and that part of the Alborán Sea closest to the Strait of
Gibraltar, all material being collected between 115 and 2100 m depth. In addition
there are reports from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearby Mediterranean areas by
Medel & Vervoort (1995) and Medel et al. (1991, 1998).
The present study focuses on the littoral of the Alborán Sea, the Chafarinas Islands
providing a typically littoral habitat, and supplements those by Ramil & Vervoort
(1992) on deep-water hydroids.
The study of the fauna and flora of the Chafarinas Islands has a distinct biogeo-
graphical importance. Due to their location in the Alborán Sea, an area directly
exposed to the influence of Atlantic water entering the Mediterranean through the
Strait of Gibraltar, the study of their biodiversity could help to define more accurate-
ly the distribution of typically Atlantic species, present in the Mediterranean only in
the area of the Alborán Sea, and of truly Mediterranean species, that in this area are
under the influence of Atlantic surface water. The present study of the hydroid fauna
of the Chafarinas is part of a larger project aiming at a study of the whole benthos of
that area.
In this paper we present an inventory of the species of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydro-
zoa) found in the Chafarinas area, with their synonymy, a survey of the material stud-
ied and data concerning their ecology and distribution. Nearly all species have been
figured and the more important have been (re)described.
Material and Methods
The archipelago of Chafarinas is situated near the North African coast in the east-
ern basin of the Alborán Sea (western Mediterranean) at two miles from Ras el Ma
(Morocco) (fig. 1). It is composed of three small, volcanic islands (Congreso, Isabel II
and Rey Francisco), off the wide beach of Ras el Ma, in the coastal alluvial plain a few
kilometres west of the mouth of the Ouad-Moulouya river. The Moulouya river plays
a crucial role in the marine environment of the Archipelago.
The perimeter of the area under study was 500 m off the coastline of the islands;
the greatest depth (70 m) was reached in the north-western part. In the southern part
the sedimentary shelf is situated at 15 m depth; in the northern part it is deeper, reach-
ing 30-35 m depth.
Sampling on hard bottoms
For each island a number of perpendicular transects (fig. 2) were selected,
according to hydrodynamical and geomorphological characteristics. In each transect
samples were collected by scuba-diving, supplemented by snorkeling and littoral
sampling at the shallowest levels. In every transect topographical features and bio-
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8 Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa. Mediterranean hydroids. Zool. Verh. Leiden 337 (2002)
logical communities were studied previous to the sampling of standard surfaces of
25 x 25 cm in every community. Each sample was accompanied by a label with
information on depth, inclination, orientation, community, etc. The samples were
afterwards anaesthetized with MgCl and sorted in the larger zoological groups for
2
future study in the laboratory.
Hard bottom samples were coded with “CONG”, “ISA” and “REY”, according
with the island from where they come (i.e. CONGRESO, ISABEL II and REY FRAN-
CISCO) and a number. Extra samples, obtained by snorkeling and littoral sampling at
specific localities, were coded adding the letter “P”.
Sampling on soft bottoms
For soft bottoms a dredging plan was developed covering a reticulum of 200 x 200
m squares (fig. 2). For positioning the dredging stations a Global Positioning System
(GPS) was employed. Dredging were carried out with a Holme’s bilateral-anchor
grab. Some additional trawling samples were obtained with a “chalut à perche”, used
to collect the vagile fauna.
Station list
For soft bottom samples sample code, depth and date are given; for hard bottoms
the transect number and the locality are also provided.
Fig. 1. Location of the Chafarinas Islands in western Mediterranean.
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Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa. Mediterranean hydroids. Zool. Verh. Leiden 337 (2002) 9
Soft bottom stations:
A-7, 57 m, 23.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus(Allman, 1863), Nemertesia ramosa(Lamarck, 1816), Clytia
paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
A-10, 41 m, 14.vii.1991: Clytia paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
A-11, 46 m, 24.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus(Allman, 1863), Aglaophenia octodonta(Heller, 1868), Clytia
spec.
A-12, 41 m, 11.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus(Allman, 1863), Salacia desmoides(Torrey, 1902).
A-14, 40 m, 13.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus(Allman, 1863).
B-6, 52 m, 22.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus(Allman, 1863).
B-8, 47 m, 22.vii.1991: Eudendrium ramosum(Linnaeus, 1758), Zanclea costataGegenbaur, 1856, Aglaophe-
nia kirchenpaueri (Heller, 1868), Nemertesia ramosa (Lamarck, 1816), Clytia gracilis (M. Sars, 1850),
Laomedea pseudodichotomaVervoort, 1959.
B-10, 41 m, 24.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus(Lamarck, 1816), Salacia desmoides(Torrey, 1902).
B-11, 42 m, 21.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus(Allman, 1863), Eudendrium glomeratumPicard, 1951b, E.
ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758), Modeeria rotunda (Quoy & Gaimard, 1827), Filellum spec.2, Halecium
lankesteri (Bourne, 1890), Mitrocomium spec., Antennella ansini spec. nov., Sertularella polyzonias
(Linnaeus, 1758), CampanulariahincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytiahemisphaerica(Linnaeus, 1767), C.paulen-
sis(Vanhöffen, 1910), Obeliadichotoma(Linnaeus, 1758).
B-13, 38 m, 24.vii.1991: Bougainvilliamuscus(Allman, 1863), Eudendrium glomeratumPicard, 1951b, E.
ramosum(Linnaeus, 1758), Lovenella clausa(Loven, 1836), Nemertesia ramosa(Lamarck, 1816).
B-15, 35 m, 22.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758),
Ectopleura wrightiPetersen, 1979, Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850), Clytiapaulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
C-3, 45 m, 17.vii.1991: Eudendrium glomeratumPicard, 1951b, Nemertesia ramosa(Lamarck, 1816), Cam-
panulariahincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850).
Fig. 2. Location of soft bottoms stations and hard bottom transects.
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10 Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa. Mediterranean hydroids. Zool. Verh. Leiden 337 (2002)
C-4, 34 m, 23.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Eudendrium glomeratum Picard, 1951b, E.
ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758), Zanclea costata Gegenbaur, 1856, Scandia gigas (Pieper, 1884), Halecium
lankesteri(Bourne, 1890), Mitrocomiumspec., Antennella ansinispec. nov., Nemertesia ramosa(Lamar-
ck, 1816), Sertularellaellisiiellisii(Deshayes & Milne Edwards, 1836), S. polyzonias(Linnaeus, 1758),
Sertularia distansLamouroux, 1816, Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850), C. hemisphaerica(Linnaeus, 1767),
C. linearis(Thornely, 1900), C. paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910), Clytiaspec., Laomedeaspec. 1.
C-8, 39 m, 18.vii.1991: Zanclea costata Gegenbaur, 1856, Aglaophenia acacia Allman, 1883, Nemertesia
ramosa(Lamarck, 1816), Sertularellapolyzonias(Linnaeus, 1758), Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850).
C-8(bis), 40 m, 01.viii.1991: Eudendrium ramosum(Linnaeus, 1758), Filellumspec. 2, Halecium lankesteri
(Bourne, 1890), H. petrosum Stechow, 1919, Sertularella polyzonias (Linnaeus, 1758), Campanularia
hincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850), C. hemisphaerica(Linnaeus, 1767).
C-9, 40 m, 04.viii.1991: Eudendrium ramosum(Linnaeus, 1758).
C-10, 39 m, 07.viii.1991: Salacia desmoides(Torrey, 1902).
C-12, 31 m, 07.viii.1991: Nemertesia ramosa(Lamarck, 1816), Sertularellaellisii ellisii(Deshayes & Milne
Edwards, 1836), S.polyzonias(Linnaeus, 1758).
C-16, 29 m, 27.vii.1991: Bougainvilliamuscus(Allman, 1863), Clytiapaulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
D-2, 41 m, 23.vii.1991: Eudendrium racemosum(Gmelin, 1791), E. ramosum(Linnaeus, 1758), Zanclea costa-
taGegenbaur, 1856, Filellumspec. 1, Filellumspec. 2, Aglaophenia acaciaAllman, 1883, Nemertesia per-
rieri(Billard, 1901), N. ramosa(Lamarck, 1816), Sertularellaellisii ellisii(Deshayes & Milne Edwards,
1836), Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850), C. paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910), Clytiaspec., Laomedeaspec.1.
D-3, 24 m, 23.vii.1991: Bougainvilliamuscus(Allman, 1863), Eudendrium glomeratumPicard, 1951b, Filel-
lum spec.1, Halecium lankesteri (Bourne, 1890), H. petrosum Stechow, 1919, Antennella secundaria
(Gmelin, 1791), Sertularellaellisii ellisii(Deshayes & Milne Edwards, 1836), S. polyzonias(Linnaeus,
1758), Clytiahemisphaerica(Linnaeus, 1767).
D-8, 30 m, 03.viii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758),
Opercularellaspec., Filellumspec. 1, Nemertesia ramosa(Lamarck, 1816), Sertularellapolyzonias(Lin-
naeus, 1758), Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850).
D-15, 27 m, 22.vii.1991: Clytiahemisphaerica(Linnaeus, 1767).
E-2, 40 m, 19.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758),
Egmundella amirantensisMillard & Bouillon, 1973, Modeeria rotunda(Quoy & Gaimard, 1827), Filel-
lumspec. 1, Filellumspec. 2, Halecium sibogae marocanumBillard, 1934, Nemertesia ramosa (Lamarck,
1816), Sertularella ellisii ornata Broch, 1933, S. polyzonias (Linnaeus, 1758), Sertularia distans Lam-
ouroux, 1816, CampanulariahincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytialinearis(Thornely, 1900), C. paulensis(Van-
höffen, 1910), Obeliadichotoma(Linnaeus, 1758).
E-3, 25 m, 13.vii.1991: Sertularellapolyzonias(Linnaeus, 1758), Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850), C. hemis-
phaerica(Linnaeus, 1767), Obeliadichotoma(Linnaeus, 1758).
E-7, 19 m, 18.vii.1991: Nemertesia ramosa(Lamarck, 1816), CampanulariahincksiiAlder, 1856.
E-l6, 25 m, 21.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758),
Clytia gracilis (M. Sars, 1850), C. hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767), C. paulensis (Vanhöffen, 1910),
Obeliadichotoma(Linnaeus, 1758).
F-2, 40 m, 01.viii.1991: Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758), Halecium lankesteri (Bourne, 1890), H.
tenellum Hincks, 1861, Sertularella ellisii ellisii (Deshayes & Milne Edwards, 1836), Campanularia
hincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytiapaulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910), Laomedeaspec. 1.
F-8, 18 m, 14.vii.1991: Egmundella amirantensis Millard & Bouillon, 1973, Halecium sibogae marocanum
Billard, 1934, Nemertesia ramosa (Lamarck, 1816), Sertularella ellisii ellisii (Deshayes & Milne
Edwards, 1836), S. polyzonias (Linnaeus, 1758), Sertularia distans Lamouroux, 1816, Campanularia
hincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850), C. paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
F-9, 17 m, 05.viii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758),
Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850), C. hemisphaerica(Linnaeus, 1767), C. paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
F-10, 10 m, 05.viii.1991: Sertularellapolyzonias(Linnaeus, 1758), Clytiahemisphaerica(Linnaeus, 1767).
F-12, 8 m, 05.viii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758),
Egmundella amirantensisMillard & Bouillon, 1973, Halecium lankesteri (Bourne, 1890), Clytiahemis-
phaerica(Linnaeus, 1767), C. linearis(Thornely, 1900), C. paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
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Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa. Mediterranean hydroids. Zool. Verh. Leiden 337 (2002) 11
F-16, 22 m, 31.vii.1991: Bougainvilliamuscus(Allman, 1863).
F-17, 21 m, 22.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758),
Hydractinia carnea (M. Sars, 1846), Halecium delicatulum Coughtrey, 1876, Sertularella ellisii ellisii
(Deshayes & Milne Edwards, 1836), Sertularia perpusilla Stechow, 1919, Campanularia hincksii
Alder, 1856, Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850), C. hemisphaerica(Linnaeus, 1767), C. paulensis(Vanhöf-
fen, 1910), Obeliadichotoma(Linnaeus, 1758).
G-2, 38 m, 08.viii.1991: Salacia desmoides (Torrey, 1902), Sertularella ellisii ellisii (Deshayes & Milne
Edwards, 1836), CampanulariahincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytiapaulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
G-8, 17 m, 21.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758),
Hydractinia carnea (M. Sars, 1846), Sertularella ellisii ellisii (Deshayes & Milne Edwards, 1836), S.
polyzonias(Linnaeus, 1758), Sertularia perpusillaStechow, 1919, CampanulariahincksiiAlder, 1856,
Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850), C. hemisphaerica(Linnaeus, 1767), C. paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
G-9, 18 m, 21.vii.1991: Bougainvilliamuscus(Allman, 1863), Lovenella clausa(Loven, 1836), Campanularia
hincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytiahemisphaerica(Linnaeus, 1767), C. paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
G-10, 15 m, 11.vii.1991: Sertularia perpusilla Stechow, 1919, Clytia gracilis (M. Sars, 1850), C. paulensis
(Vanhöffen, 1910).
G-14, 20 m, 26.vii.1991: Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850), C. paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
G-15, 21 m, 02.viii.1991: Lovenella clausa(Lovén, 1836), Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850), C. paulensis(Van-
höffen, 1910).
G-16, 22 m, 21.vii.1991: Bougainvilliamuscus(Allman, 1863), Eudendrium ramosum(Linnaeus, 1758), Ser-
tularellapolyzonias(Linnaeus, 1758),Sertularia perpusillaStechow, 1919, CampanulariahincksiiAlder,
1856, Clytia gracilis (M. Sars, 1850), C. hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767), C. paulensis (Vanhöffen,
1910), Obeliadichotoma(Linnaeus, 1758)
G-17, 20 m, 31.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Eudendrium glomeratum Picard, 1951, E.
ramosum(Linnaeus, 1758), Egmundella amirantensisMillard & Bouillon, 1973, Sertularellapolyzonias
(Linnaeus, 1758), CampanulariahincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850), C. hemisphaerica
(Linnaeus, 1767), C. linearis(Thornely, 1900), C. paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910), Obeliadichotoma(Lin-
naeus, 1758).
H-10, 15 m, 27.vii.1991: Bougainvilliamuscus(Allman, 1863), Eudendrium ramosum(Linnaeus, 1758), Ser-
tularia distans Lamouroux, 1816, Clytia gracilis (M. Sars, 1850), C. paulensis (Vanhöffen, 1910),
LaomedeapseudodichotomaVervoort, 1959.
H-12, 14 m, 20.vii.1991: Bougainvilliamuscus(Allman, 1863), Eudendrium ramosum(Linnaeus, 1758), Ser-
tularellaellisii ellisii(Deshayes & Milne Edwards, 1836), CampanulariahincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytia
gracilis(M. Sars, 1850), C. paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
H-13, 16 m, 20.vii.1991: Bougainvilliamuscus(Allman, 1863), Halecium sibogae marocanumBillard, 1934,
Sertularellapolyzonias(Linnaeus, 1758), CampanulariahincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytiapaulensis(Vanhöf-
fen, 1910).
H-15, 20 m, 20.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Sertularella polyzonias (Linnaeus, 1758),
Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767), C. paulensis (Vanhöffen, 1910), Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus,
1758).
H-16, 20 m, 12.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758),
Lovenella clausa(Lovén, 1836), Clytiahemisphaerica(Linnaeus, 1767), C. paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910),
Obeliadichotoma(Linnaeus, 1758).
I-3, 26 m, 12.vii.1991: Filellumspec. 1, CampanulariahincksiiAlder, 1856.
I-5, 23 m, 15.vii.1991: Sertularia distansLamouroux, 1816.
I-7, 20 m, 15.vii.1991: Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850), C. paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
I-8, 17 m, 01.viii.1991: Eudendrium glomeratumPicard, 1951, Hydractinia carnea(M. Sars, 1846), Campanu-
laria hincksii Alder, 1856, Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767), C. paulensis (Vanhöffen, 1910),
Obeliadichotoma(Linnaeus, 1758).
I-14, 16 m, 15.vii.1991: Clytiapaulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
I-15, 17 m, 21.vii.1991: Hydractinia carnea(M. Sars, 1846), CampanulariahincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytiagra-
cilis (M. Sars, 1850), C. hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767), C. paulensis (Vanhöffen, 1910), Obelia
dichotoma(Linnaeus, 1758).
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12 Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa. Mediterranean hydroids. Zool. Verh. Leiden 337 (2002)
J-8, 15 m, 28.vii.1991: Bougainvilliamuscus(Allman, 1863), Lovenella clausa(Lovén, 1836), Clytiapaulensis
(Vanhöffen, 1910).
Baños de la Reina trawl, Rey Francisco Island: Hydractinia hooperii (Sigerfoos, 1899).
Agassiz trawl, no 5, Congreso Island: Hydractinia calderiBouillon, Medel & Peña Cantero, 1997.
Hard bottom stations:
CONGRESO BANK, 23.vii.1991: Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863), Eudendrium glomeratum Picard,
1951, E. racemosum (Gmelin, 1791), Egmundella amirantensis Millard & Bouillon, 1973, Filellum
spec.2, Scandia gigas (Pieper, 1884), Halecium pusillum (M. Sars, 1857), H. tenellum Hincks, 1861,
Halecium spec., Aglaophenia kirchenpaueri (Heller, 1868), A. lophocarpa Allman, 1877, A. tubiformis
Marktanner Turneretscher, 1890, Antennella ansinispec. nov., Sertularellaellisii ellisii(Deshayes &
Milne Edwards, 1836), S. ellisii ornata Broch, 1933, S. polyzonias (Linnaeus, 1758), Campanularia
hincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytiahemisphaerica(Linnaeus, 1767), Clytialinearis(Thornely, 1900), C. paulen-
sis(Vanhöffen, 1910), Obeliadichotoma(Linnaeus, 1758).
CONG 1, Transect 10, Jetty (Embarcadero), 0.5 m, 12.vii.1991: Eudendrium merulum Watson, 1985,
Coryne muscoides (Linnaeus, 1761), Cladocoryne flocosa Rotch, 1871, Filellum spec. 2, Scandia gigas
(Pieper, 1884), Halecium delicatulumCoughtrey, 1876, H. lankesteri(Bourne, 1890), Haleciumspec.,
Sertularella fusiformis (Hincks, 1861), S. mediterranea Hartlaub, 1901, Kirchenpaueria pinnata (Lin-
naeus, 1758), Ventromma halecioides(Alder, 1859), CampanulariahincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytiagracilis
(M. Sars, 1850), C. paulensis(Vanhöffen, 1910).
CONG 2, Transect 10, Jetty, 1 m, 12.vii.1991: Filellumspec. 2, Scandia gigas(Pieper, 1884), Halecium deli-
catulum Coughtrey, 1876, H. lankesteri (Bourne, 1890), Hydrodendron mirabile (Hincks, 1866),
Aglaophenia picardi Svoboda, 1979, Kirchenpaueria pinnata (Linnaeus, 1758), Ventromma halecioides
(Alder, 1859), Monotheca obliqua (Johnston, 1847), Dynamena disticha (Bosc, 1802), Sertularella
fusiformis(Hincks, 1861), Clytiagracilis(M. Sars, 1850).
CONG 3, Transect 10, Jetty, 2 m, 12.vii.1991: Coryne muscoides (Linnaeus, 1761), Halecium lankesteri
(Bourne, 1890), Aglaophenia tubiformis Marktanner Turneretscher, 1890, Monotheca obliqua (John-
ston, 1847).
CONG 4, Transect 10, Jetty, 2 m, 12.vii.1991: Halecium lankesteri(Bourne, 1890), Aglaophenia tubiformis
Marktanner Turneretscher, 1890.
CONG 5, Transect 10, Jetty, 0 m, 11.vii.1991: Coryne muscoides (Linnaeus, 1761), Halecium lankesteri
(Bourne, 1890), SertularellalagenoidesStechow, 1919, Obeliageniculata(Linnaeus, 1758), Orthopyxis
crenata(Hartlaub, 1901), O. integra(Macgillivray, 1842).
CONG 6, Transect 10, Jetty, 0 m, 11.vii.1991: Scandia gigas(Pieper, 1884), Halecium lankesteri(Bourne,
1890), SertularellalagenoidesStechow, 1919.
CONG 7, Transect 13, La Sangre, 19 m, 14.vii.1991: Eudendrium glomeratumPicard, 1951, Filellumspec.
1, Filellum spec.2, Hebella scandens (Bale, 1888), Scandia gigas (Pieper, 1884), Halecium lankesteri
(Bourne, 1890), H. tenellumHincks, 1861, Haleciumspec., Aglaophenia kirchenpaueri(Heller, 1868),
A. lophocarpa Allman, 1877, A. pluma (Linnaeus, 1758), A. tubiformis Marktanner Turneretscher,
1890, Antennellaansinispec. nov.,A. secundaria(Gmelin, 1791), Kirchenpaueria pinnata(Linnaeus,
1758), Sertularella ellisii ellisii (Deshayes & Milne Edwards, 1836), Sertularia distans Lamouroux,
1816, CampanulariahincksiiAlder, 1856, Clytialinearis(Thornely, 1900).
CONG 8, Transect 13, La Sangre, 10 m, 14.vii.1991: Eudendrium moulouyensisMarques, Peña Cantero &
Vervoort, 2000, Filellumspec. 1, Scandia gigas(Pieper, 1884), Halecium delicatulumCoughtrey, 1876, H.
lankesteri(Bourne, 1890), Haleciumspec., Aglaophenia lophocarpaAllman, 1877, Antennella ansinispec.
nov., Halopteris diaphana (Heller, 1868), Kirchenpaueria pinnata (Linnaeus, 1758), Dynamena disticha
(Bosc, 1802), Salacia desmoides (Torrey, 1902), Sertularella ellisii ellisii (Deshayes & Milne Edwards,
1836), Sertularia distans Lamouroux, 1816, S. perpusilla Stechow, 1919, Campanularia hincksii Alder,
1856, C. volubilis(Linnaeus, 1758), Clytialinearis(Thornely, 1900), Obeliadichotoma(Linnaeus, 1758).
CONG 12, Transect 16, Playa Larga, 0.5 m, 19.vii.1991: Eudendrium simplexPieper, 1884, Coryne mus-
coides(Linnaeus, 1761), Halecium lankesteri(Bourne, 1890), H. pusillum(M. Sars, 1857), Sertularella
lagenoidesStechow, 1919.