Table Of Content~ MEI\"-AT-AR:\lS SERIES 323
THE AUSTRIAN
'RMY 1836-66 (I)
INFANTR:
THE AUSTRIAN ARMY 1836-66
(1) INFANTRY
""'" THE EMPIRE AND ITS ARMY
I ",i<l·1911, C.."lLLJ",'. 'A",llia' ..ererted '0 " hctcmgcne<>LL,.
f"",-
:"."lli~")"'ic rlllpi,". CO)'~\r(""d of ""ai" ",c,,,; 'he A".,,-ian n,
1''''' '.n""" ..
_-"', (~""""I (Ik AU"''''" Ir"'nl""r~ u,d lJ.ohellllan Land._
...._...""........G._... ,he Killg<l"IIl; of(;"I;c;". III)'ei:o ,m<l fhl"""b); Ii,e IlullK"'-;"" 1=' ('he
....
li.illK<lolll "r HLL"K"')" 110" Killg,I"", of C'",ui" alld Sl"mnj". and ,h,>
-....
Gn\l1d D"d,;' ofTr.Il,,;'I,..,,;~), ,h,· .ITi'i,,,,;, Borde, (Jlililii,.G""uj: ano!
~_"'-""~.."'_"". ,10<' Killg,l"m nr I.,,,,,l~lr<hc\"',,,·,b_The '\""ria" Cm"" I_~tld; "'W." '"
..,d.
_ th."-, ,, ... the ,,,,,,e ';me l~'" "r'he G,,,,,,,,,, c....."reder-dtioll ([JU"d). ,,'hid, ,,,r-,,,,·,I
.._...-._. .......... -'mtri,," "'""11,,,,';hip ",,,I i"n",·"c,' i" ,hi, 100'" unioll of :1\1 G."",,,,,
..
..._, ..-." ,""c; c;t"hli,l1cd in i~l:i.
.".. , , ....... Il "'''' Il"t e",,)' l<,ere,,'e " ,,,,if"'ri "nd Up-to-<J",.. miii'",')" ')~tem in "n
_,-,., Empire ",,,,,i<Lilll,( of"" ","n)"diffe'..-", P.11'U;, c,per-iall)" with rr-mn~n"of
... .....
......, 1(,I1,loIli"" "ill ,,'nlllg in ,on,,' pm,i""e"
'"'1''' il>
Reulli", "ht"il1,,,1 I1mh h)" ,'ol'''lL"r)' "nli>tlUel1t and
-~
_"ot', , m"""ip'i"". alLh'"'J,(1r ll", ",,,n~' "~I'mp'io"s ..-xd"d,"d the lLpper a"ri
t.........
",i,ldk d.""", If ...,i"':I";! ill 1hr- 1,,1101. th.. !><ller off co"id pal' a
__ ,.-..", o"t,l•.."(I.'.~.'.",
"~ .,,,h.,ti,,,,c to ",k" ,heir 1,l:!c". lIo"·e,'"I'. thi, I'"dime,,"',y form of
,,,m,,,,,-
,:o"nptll,~,,) ,",'nke did toO' appl)' to ,I", HLl<lIF"ia"
land' ",,,it 1849. The ",hok mak populd,lon Qf the
:i!ili'"n' Borde" "'J> Iialole 1'01' lifetime "''''ice
d,r""l,(h",,, d,,· period. l'ol' the p"",I",,", "nder
mn",·,'ip1i,,,,, "cti"e ",nice w", red"ced from 1-1
)",-,,,'s
,,,dgh' I" 18~5.after ~Iiieh the con""i)',-,
frn", rlit "",,,'i,,,, tnrltone. I£xeh,riing
n:rim:r"a ;",,1 the T)TOI) wcrc' liohle for
Lm<tl>·,,!lt' (hon'e def.."ee) ",rl'ic£ un,il ,h"
"g"
"f ,I'>. joi"ing lire lII,il> ""i",J ia ,i",i,
il"",,, di,<Idc". I 185~ 'he Lrndwdlr ".,.,
II
"holi.,lred ill f",,",uI' uft"-o-)'ta,,compnl.",ry
'-"","rI'~ ><"r,'i"e illlluduccd aero" the
,.hnl" En'pi,.., (J/i!iliir·Gm,u cxelllp",d)
"p.
\\1,,'" <ailed the",." lU'-'rI'i""
"~p;lt)d"d iI,e '>I'o"e uallS.
Offi~,'". "'ere pror""i""al ",idler,
"'I<'
",ho tr"d "il;,"' g'"d",,'ttl from of ,h~
,"ili,,,r)' ",hool, or at'"demic'" or !la,1
"all,,,-;! "' ,.",J..t>. n,'") "or",,,III' !><<:anll'
- Ull""'i"",,·,,",,,.' "r,c< o"e )'""1' of ":olning In
ll", ,,,nk,,. 11",,'" c;""gorie' of ,'a,le" ~'crt
aceqltt,l' ,ite kk "nil",," Catlellt" (ordi"al')'
,
.
"'.<du.'. ai", "ali"d K.,i"',, Codene". exdu,i"t'I)' >om of
:teli", oflk...." ",1", I'Oh"",,cfetl for ",r,'iee and ",er"
Tllble 1 Campaigns of "I')>oi"",,\ hl th,' Hof1c;eg,r:" - Court "
Imperial Troops 1835·66 Co,mo;I), ,h" Rq;:i""·""-C:,,I,'''e,, (le~iJll<'Il'
",del>, ahk }'''''''g ""I"""·,,,., .P\",i""~1 lor ,i
_ ""'"_ e.->""'"
,,m~ Illh"ber, _ 'I''-0l''';~'''''' nr "olo"d>-i,,-.ebicf
,'..0, -"""-""""'" ogo.~ tJo,' IL'j(ill"''''-')' :..,,1 dOl' c.<-!""pni, Cad~ttCll. (,
~_, '" "-" .....,to~T_ "'""'-
'.<-P"'1,n'I,'
'., G"m,·j",,) ,.-"" uf .."It' ,.-'".."" ,
,~-'"- I>c"er~,d"c",,,i ;-"IJ"~ "'"". ~'ho werc co
,~o ~'".....,.-.,"'v....... "'......,'-""'->
".-,r ""'""""-..."""""",....,-. ><:rip'c<l an'; ,..-, c"li"..d ", Wi"'I", (Gcmcinc
_ Me_"
_ _-e..--.w-~,,"""'""'....",.."~ hIlt "",kno,.k '0 du,h,' ,lrc",,,"-'h, (,x'P''1m,
'0
101 'hc 1"'1;"'\ "I' [I'ai"i"N I.><:<.',-,,,'e r-;CO, ""
~..WI '''VO'Y,B.nlI.."dT..,..-.. """'" )atcr, "mo.'''_ Tlt~ "',i,,·, c,,,ie,,, WtTC aooh,h,
,., .-~--"'
~,-, "her Lhe Hof1ri"g"a, """cJ to cx;" ill 18·18. al
-,,~"'- 'be ",hc" "WI' ,,}'!cd ,i"'pl)' '",Je'" from 1115
C>.dMo>""""""'_
,~, ~'"o..w.
"""- The r-;CO, "'~IC l'""rn"",,1 1'""", 110,' "",k, ~~' tl
""""'""-""'9~..... \'101 """"
.,.,._..,..._.." _....._~r<!~ colonel Oil ,10" c,''''I",m'~"""";",,lt-r'.'''AAc'';o
_ -
""""'"' ~--.:"00.",.""",.",""'"._ """""'"
N<lrV>_ ..
"-"".O.Q.O""""""' """, ~"""-"" LINE INFANTR-Y -
~ """
~""--..,""'"
"'"'«So<'-" Organlullon
e>.oo""",....,""...01 (
L'""_""'"_ n,C ,\,,,"ia.. i"ra..,,,,' ,,,n,iSle,; of three '~l""
tr<~,ps: r,;..~ iIlE,,,,,.,.. Grell, inf""!f}' (llord<
AUSTRIAN
EMPIRE
1836-1866
.
.0"........'
...
'"""..".''''' , m!
Li 0_0 ....
.... """"". -
, , E2'I ,.' ••
..,.,.. Of 'IC O-t....~ e_..,...,!ON E23 ,.'
•
EO OR.
,-
W1_.....
n",
~_I_ lJ"OOPS) ~,o.rlJ~Il"" (rilk''''''''\, la'g~" <onting,n', ,h< l..in,· ",ra""1.
_' - "~,, r.....",ed i" ,>8 "'11''''<''''' i" l~jfJ, ",,,,,1,.,,..,<1 from I 'oW (liB. f,. ,If,.
._. G ,,.. 50 ""d '>1", "'C'C ,,,,,,,,,,), fI,,' "'Il,,,,en', wcre de";g,,a'ed ," ,·ill,,·,
"". Ge'm"" ".. Il""g:"bl1, d"l"·t,,I1,,~"I"'" ",h,d, pan ol"'he E"'pi.... ,h,,\,
""" _"-- weI'. ,a's<d in, Loch "'II"""'" """I,,'i,..01 a "cgHnc,,,aJ "all'. Li,,'<',· ridol
-__-_-_"__"_..-a".'M_ ",.00. 0,,,,,,1<011' ,m<! [W" C"'"",Ii,,,· ",""p"ni,',. ~:Xh tidd b,,,~,liu" c,""i,,,,,I
.- uf,,~ ,,,f:,,ury co"'I,,,,,i,', '1"""IlI""" ,I", f"'riod. p«ireJ i,,,,, ,Ion'"
-' ,,,,i,,.
,wo-.:'''''P''''''
._..'.0.._....__... ___1_ "mill: '<li,i"",,"', "h,d, ,,'<1', 'he p';(l,ip<,1 ,ac,k"i
--_--" - . 11,< G,en",li"T w"'I"",i,', 1"1'"",,1 '.'1"""'" di,;"""" f"'rITla,,,·,,,I,
.. .. detaChcd from ,II<' "'!Ii"".,,,., an,1 «I,>.:«"r~'cd ;",,, ~'O W"\I"""'"
..
....
.- er..",.,j"'r ".I~"'>(Ill "I''In,,'.. ,1""'0"', and "'" of"''' di",H.>o,). I"
" .....,.
:oddi""",. ,I G.""",,, «'Ki",e,,', (c"rel" IIt13. 16. 23. 26. 38. ~~. 4I .",1
' t\."
H «<",iced in Lo,nl"",h_\',_"",;,,) "'<re 10 rorm )..",h.-d"
co""""'ll: r"u,
1».,,,,lioo,,- O"h ,h., 1.. 1."",1.,',-1" II". :0<",.,11, c.I"c<l. .of
'-"'''1''''';'''' f,,~« U:l3-I. "nile th<' ~nd "'" n,~."
('<>("''''''ll
,:.u~l. <ofn><Uk' ~ codre ofl'CO< ",wi
Tabl" 2
otT,c<,....',... 'he campa.igno of 13t1'l.-4'l. ,h..
Gr.nadl.. battalion.. 1832_1852 ·""li,,,,' "" ....
{;n""", '''ll"n<.... {"""cpt th<'
•=.,--":C"'._'" '''''''' J ,,·1""" ooIdio<n dnn1c<l '0 ,I......b )
---~,,;c,,--I
_ 2'3 ,',01 ~'e"" ..........1a Ilh F',dd Cor Itnoe'n-"l Bn. i" 13til.,...1.
n ...
_,f".".. '," " ''3...'""":l"C 5<1< in llWJ, booh oompooed <If IOn" ""","...
- ..<2 "",•. <: 1t",'If~'''''' ."llm...... :hal .ctJ>:IIIKd l<ft;ol 'n tI...
'.'1.:111 JIlU"
'.,. ..,...... '.20 Iml""i>I en.... (11U1. !>1. .>~".,.. 611 ""....1,w,k
con,p"".....
I.........,""
uo. I" 111.'>1, ronr C«"" '<'!llmn,..,,-..,~."",.."",1
,.. i,,,,,
It ~ eI l..i"" ,nfa.n,,",~ adop'mll: ,I", ''''"''''' nw"b.-ft
""",h<'t ........
• 'u 5. 6. -16 "'.... :.0. The !;OS, ,,,,,,,n' •
on"I,,,,,I,,, lIP\! ,.,hen IR63 ..... ,..,,,,mb<<<~1M.
FnllOld"g ,h~ ."plaeem",,, of th~ L:mdwd" "';'h
"-"'f"" ... """e
"""'I'"I<Of; ·"icc i" 'he )'~"r, lbt
...·gi"",t\T,,1 ""ahli,l",,c", ,,';" fixed '" f"u, todd
1>"""lio'" ,,,,,I ""e d"j>Olb.m"lio". 'he kate' o"h
r",,,-w"'IMni<:, >lruIlK. The wlllpo;i'c G'enadior
1""",1;01" were di'b.1Ilded at 'he ,ame time """
d'e C,~,,"dic"> "c","j]c~1 Lu 'heir p"rent '<t
i""'n,,. 10g"'''e'' ",';,h "ddi,;o,,;ol mell ,dec"..
fl'O'" d'e fogi","",. ,he" for",,,,1 fo"r Crena,]",
en"'p""ic', ''-!';ch hn:""" 'he righ\-Iblll (,ht ill
ill.. 13<1, ,,,,,I 19,h) comp'U1ie' of lhe fidd w..
",Ii"ns. The...., t'U'''I~",i<, were for"'cd i",o ,h,
'-'-g;""."",1 (;,~";,,I;t'" b"u;,lioll '" warti"".
""I)lao,,<1 Ill' '-;glH_lb", w"'I"'" ie. ",;","d fro", tilt
"""'0'1';"'"
The dq>o, lo<,,~,I;Ull, ~", "ooh,hc"; ~
18~~. L<" "'i"'n.<.I'Kc"; two lTars la'tT 1m- the"'"
e,lC,bll.1mtent onlr. O'herwi>e. 'he depot ""'
I'"",'ide<l by 'he ~,h Fid<l II", D",;,,~ 'he 1"
",I.
ca"'I''''S''' ,he FIeI<J Ill!, wa, ral"'<J f()/
S",,,I.o" "",,,'icc Lr :'"1Tsln,e,,",
Fro", 1 Feb",,",)· 1860. dlt· LI"e 'nf."tn
I"'""etlme e.,,,bh,h,,,en' of 6t '<'gimell!> of~
r,d<l b.""li"", cad, ".a, cOlWtT'cd into
",·sI,"e"" of ,hre.: lield 1.0,,,,,,11,,,,. eacb. \lith,
d"l'm di,i,Io" .<ldcd;" "'."';""'. The Grc""d
en'" I"'"Ie; d1""1'1":a,..,1 '" 'he "on'" ,Ime, F,,' t
a.,,",. ,"'•.".,. ,
""'I"Ign or ISliG. all '-"gl"",,,,, ,"is<:d " 4,h ridd Ill" (lll,-""Il' rOl
""<I,,
J<>niO' .""'or K.",_ ." g''''''"-,,, """"',cd 2",ltx,po, Di,'. '!1,e 1",1 Depo' Di,i,io". from
...-••.,-.N.,,"," .Hloor~
""g''''etl',' "-en, eo",'e,,"',"e<l ,nto 10 ""mpo>i'c field b"""l;ol1' Uut
,"_00••• '" "'. too'" ........ w,w o!;,k,,,II,,d;,, ,,,;,I-J'oIv.
.......a1 , 'ho r.".-l, ...·Sl"",,,, w",
'he"d"<1 !.oj' i" Il\halxr «ercll,o"~11 Colondl
."0..".."..'."."••.•,.",',.p"-I"e.",''.''.'..'.'..'..''.''. jI,n,,-,C,,h,I,i,,,,f,),., h,,,",",,e"n""".,,,I.... hra" Ol'eN (Cd""d). 10, <o",m,,,,<1 oftlJ:
Ol",rsol"",,,.,,, (Iieu,enant wlom'li a"d the req";""
"••'al'" """"" "., """,Iw,
or ~I''ior>, ;\eronl;llS '0 the tHL",lK..- of ",malio", in
w· ·t...·,·,....
.,;r;,..,. "ro...... r"S;,,,,·,,,,.1 e,,,,bli,l,,o"I". '\1""" frolll the field r,,,,h, ,be "
M•.".. _
eO"'I" ,,,,,II " """,het' orj""'o" "nicer> ."d 'f"--'C~<li,!>;Catholic Kap
M...."'. ""onol
(eharbin). ,1",li,,,,' (Ieg:,1 om"er). Rech"''''l''f''hrer la<lml"i"...
".""i",,,.
ome,·,). "'I'pl}' "m,'el' (onl}" ,n t'rom 'he <omp,min
..,,,.hli';''''''''L "n,il 18,,7), regi"'e'''al and banalion Adjutan
,,-,,,,,,r
,'cgi",c<",,1 I'h)"'6,,,,. phl~;c;"ns (one per bau"lioni. ""d
""",I"" "r."');eo,,, (rro,,, 18501, M"" of'he 1h"'gari"n and 'G"li,
'-"g;"'.."" h",1 "" "dd" 'on,,1 O"hod,,~ Ch"r<h chaplain,
"",k<'
Th" ",1",,, ,,,,IT J"-"""n,,d incl,,<1,'11: ,i.< Onli..,ir caJ,''''
f"I'!
""",b,,,' nf reN'<n"",,,1 cadel>. 'I,,,,ne,,,,a,,er ...atl' (Fourier, ont"
!.wo:,I1,,,,). " d''''''-u,,<jor (Rcgi",cu,>-T'''\loour), a I'ro,'",1. <01
h,'"'''''' (H,h,w. ,,,bl F"I"'cnf,,h'er I" IllS7, ont" f"--'T b,,,~lIio,,: 0"<
th,'''' ,,,,,all, :0""'<1:,, 'he \\".scu"wl"et. "'''gO,H,,,;,, ,n""",,- in ,",',or
,,,,I)'). j,,,,I,,, ph}',Ie'.", (on" 1"-''' di,-i"o" ,,",II 18H: 'm<l thert"cti
jul,,,I}',,,;'h 'he '"'g''''''' :0, 0"" 1"-" CO'"I"'''}), a" ,,,'mour,,,. rq;-imen
h""II. " ""mh,·,' "f '1":u""',,,,,,,er' (Four;er><hl'
;" r:"" ~..rll "me,'''' ,,,,d <"p,,,;,,, "',,-,,'u,) ,ubah('rn, se""
•
(p,-;'-.",II,'n",'. "long \\';11, II,,· FO"C<"l'sch'-"'e, >tlled Of!i,';ersllicnc,
Ill.\ll. II ~ '<1IImen' empl<M"tl ~ b;",<l"",,,~r (""I'dlmei"n). lie ~'..,
>I",~ ,...."'Ioe< <>f,he 1ttaIf. The Ord;Il~r"""',.• ~"d '1'Clr1<·rn...,.~" ....lr
"...-c ,n
:oIx.>1,,1>t:<\ 1849. bu' ,h~ ....'~l~;.llIn"m ,,~ inc,,,,,,,,,,1 1>0
boztllio" dn,mtnen and bug""" (l\;o,~iI1"u•.H"mi"'<·n. 'he btlr'
_"""'I ill 1800) ~nd a number <It .....~........ &<ach<'" rw thr
FaI _'" (tnIUpOI1 .......'icel.:oI1 ou" iu.,..., of...,.,. r 1ll<i7.
""'Mal'" (""'".....
ond "'Wand.-dK:ll ""'...Jion) from 1861.
n.. ''''''P'''''' (or haIf-dft.......) _ d~itl...-l im"",,.. 1IaIF<"",p"',....
rL...., pbloon> (7. ~h. In C(IItIn"",,1 ,,,,,,Id ... a Haupo.n '"
'Capulin) a Cap,tin-l.cu'nan' (.eno Ue1llenant). The b".".
Of
""'~ ....1 (W'gmal'" been
_,,,,,I 01. I'e"'mantlwho
O<CfC III cnmm,nd of
,be
>eni",- cnmp.;>n)' of
<ach b..nallnn and nom
i".I~ cllll1ma,,,led bj'
,h, 1"1,.,1",,, ,,,d ..n;o,
nel,l "Ilk~,·•. Al'hollgh
w,,,
,hi, ""."g~",,,nt
,1.~;,It"d ill 180~. ,h~
....,l of CoI'I'i".l.cutn,n'
.... "·"i",,,1 nn,il 1849.
"be"
he became a
I-UuI"DWII' I...·ene Kla>oe
('bid cWo). and ,he r.mk
II Ibul""""nn b"um"
H.tap<monn t'",'e KIasor
,1>",1
(I.. I:\d(>o< ,~
""'" 'hr Qbe<1e,,'nan'
Il.ieuoc""'''l. ,he tInter·
......naDl (SKond LinJ
...........od tho< t'ihnrich
(rn"",n. 'rnamed Un'",
leu,,,..,,
ill 18:18. hilI on a
lowe< I'" ...-..Ie). The r.mk
or U,"e'''''"''ant ...... dioi
,,,,,I
d<d iU'1> Ullierle"tna", [,,'~ K1...., Z"d,c "1,,,,,, in I~~~. 'he ...........-_ -t.o...'. ...
F:'I""i<l, I~"n",ing 'he 2nd ,Ll.. ,",Ull.
TI,,' ""'i,,, ....1.0. eomp,i",t\ • FddM'lwl ("·'~c."'·m,~,,', ''''" ill -",.""-."_.'"'._o.nn._u..l --•••,."...'I.o.n
...."iuLI·),,,,,1 l~ "orro"!" (th~ ",,,l "f "nq~""l "", • h)'I"id "I .d-J _ , .·..,...
~''Il{,.1J1I ."d cmpoml). Thc four ",niv' "'''l~,r..l,· ",e,,, ,,,,Ihl Z,,~,· .".""""'. __d_,'"
'I>, ""I""""'. ..,,....,_
1[.c~1"~~1,· ('''''ghl)' e<ju;,'alellt ""')1'-'011111.•,,<1 bec,,,,e. -, -.. ...
.....
olfrill :-00 ,..,,'~ in l8.'ii. ~, Z"~>fi",l",,.,TIl<' ",,,,.ining wmp;"'~.,.n
".-0
«Hllp';,ed rrglll Gef.-cite (bnCC<Oll.........('). T,mb"",,,.(dn"'''''~~''l. ~-
'I''''''....
• 7';1I1I1I",,,...nn (<<>ml""'" pi"""...,.. ,..v In ..~l"k·).• II....C••
thr"" ...booI,e",,· """':aD"-:md a tI"mbc. of ..,;i.....n.... ~,t.d '" ,...,.,'"
adn>.l"e Gl""adirt':l had no Gcf......'r. r;;h"rirh Of~!"run, 18,19.
tbcpea<....,tor Feld>.ebekinar'_ '" 'WI) 1"'-"""'pal'"Two .,,-.... lao""
"'" ~.l<)u"from 111611)...,....:odckd k' <on,roI,hc oI;innbI, ~"r.
n.. <..npam- ..,-.,.,gtb """' a1a>o>I 1...""""" ..". than '''ll"labool.
_ in "ar and peace_ n,., ~,or .........";,11 ,,'" ."fi<'<I _ ..,..." ,
=
110-160 """. nf all r.mh. until tho< .. ,,/11l-l8--W. bu' ,he "'....",or
"'e"~th ~-o' presedl"'d :ll ~I.; n",,, 10" 'he
Gem,,,,, ,,,,,!
;nEtIltl")', I~8 for 'h" H""gari:,,' I/~
lor an G,enadie". Laelin~ l."n<l"'<'I,, 1",,,"li,,,",,
'h,' lillng-ar;an reg;ment.' ""'ft' """;;,I"",,hlr
,,,,"lie, than tilt' Genna" un;" ('I..q~,I; to 5N)o
men at ",,"ime "r~t\~IIt). F;,'lti 1"'''"Ii""
rump"")' "rel1g'h '"'' ,l:",<I"",Ii",·t1 ;" 1~:;2. '"
I2<J mell in peacetime .nd 2'!1 in """"Ii",,". ,',,;,i,,~
'he te~imen"'l"'eng'h linm 2,~~I'"fl.Mf, '''''1<
re'peeti,'eJy, The company e"3hli,hm,.", "'.' ,,,1>
"'",'iall)· 'erlucod in 'he ISOO>. ,....),in~ IK""'eetl
ti'J--li9 mel1 in p"",.''Iime. ""n lll,' ",'\:I"'e"<>;
or
e"'ored 'he ~,iC 1~",i'h • p",,,,r;IK',1 "'''''''glh
of4.1H me" (1&1 men per comp.~n)I. TIlt' <1"1""
t'On'paHie, were u'lL'1I1)' ,l(I-!~J ""'" ,,,,,,II,·, 'ha"
Lhe lield Olle" hu' .lie" 1!4;Q Ih,w "'", li"l~ dif
ference in 'hei, ""orri",,, """hll,h,,,,'''',
Uniform and Equlpmont prior to 1850
Rani< and FUe
,\ dres> '''1r,lation for ,I", callie- W3,' ;,,,,,·,1 i"
Id·lO. bu' 'he altera'ion, oj' unif,,,",, 'Iarlcd a.
earl)' .. 11136,111e IK'I(; I""""'" inf.",,)' ,I""" "....
15./ern high and, "mk, the IH·lII ",~"b,i"". ""'"
"ider.t 'he 'op than the ho"om. It """ ,,,"de "f
'''I'
hlad fell"ith a bl"ck palen,.j,'alk'101' ,',m'"
and bottom re;nforcem'nt h.""L, (,h,· I"",·, "'i'h
a b,,,,,. buck!e a' 'he I""k ff}(' "'ljt,,""e"t '0 lie.d
>izt), l1a' from p"a~ !e\('1 ",;,h iI,.. I.,,,,,,,,, .",1 ehirt>'rap ~;,h "h,,,-,, _ .."_ a"'............".m
buckle. AboI'<' 'he fmm I",a, ,h..n' ~',,," I""" ri,,~ "",,-,"e. &m bro,d o,",or. NCO ."" O•."oinor ""
........ 0,'-. "'..,.""
alld 'hap'-'<l to "'\emhl,' 1'1,·",,,1 f"hrk; ill d,,' n,""'e of i'" -Km·broa,l '-."on'ty._."' .
hole~"d>a hemi.phe,ica! regin",n,~1 I""",,,. lI"i"g" bra» !""p ",bich
"tIl
up to a )'Cllo~'hlaek ~'oollt,,, IH''''-I'o,,' ,tL ,I,e LOp, For neck •'.•'.,.....,".."...nud r "_" 'o<oO.M...
In
pm<cc'ion, the ,'hako '"'' pr,n'irktl WiLh " ~,,"t'd of ,,)ft lea'her, ..'.....1"""' .
ex'ending from 0'''' end ofd,,· I"'''' '" ,he ",he, ,,,,d fa>lmed im;de ,he T_"'..,_ M;I;t.". Hiotor>'
Mu""m, _"I
q-!inder ~'hen no' it> II."'. Thb r",d ~,,"nl ,',,,,1<1 l>c 'ied "I' unde' 'be
<hill "i'h narrow I":,,her .'"''1''' ",·w" V" ,,, ;l> h"m corners. On
<eremonial <Xc"-,io,,, and "n,·" "" "ni,·c <e",ice tbc ,halo "',.
dccorated "i'h .prig' of '"'' i" '""""cf ~Il<l lIr in "in'er (FcMui'hm).
fixed behind 'h" 1"""·1""'", h' 1,,,1 "e"'hcr. 0" mar<he, and on
campaign the ,b••" q'Ii",!,,"' "'., o,,""o'od "'i'lo ~'''erproofblaok oil..kin.
"ith a separate e(tlw f"r ,he I"""·1"'''', I" "",Ire,,.,;. 'he ",ell ",ore a '[o]'e
and "If,,"'lc cal' rIA!;""""';). ,"" f,-,'''' "'n"H"" """"', which folded fb'
wlLell llot in u",. The Hap' ofII", "ap ""'ft' '"pe,d '0 'he Iron' a"d ,e"r,
The cap seam' Ilnd '01' edg" "','n' pil>:,I. ligh'-hille ro, ,h<' rc'<mil>. who
",,<1
"'e,c i"\len ~i'h Il"" ("Ill" Ii','''' ,leI''' f,,,,illK""ololl" lor Ihco,he,"",
1<,
"h""" cap> al", <arrkill!'" ,-,-gin"',,'"1 ",,,,,lxr 0" 'Il" fd" Ibp.
Gremu!i",., we,e ":L,;I~· ,w,ng,,;,,,hl,' I'r 'hei,' he«dge"r.« lJij",nmtit'~
P""N"
(bbck l>car>l;jn). The III:~; hall a 2Hc,,,-Io;l!h lro", bearing a
l:km-high br." naming grcnarl,·, Tb,' ","i" ;erlioll ,,'" l:km high.
,
It> na' '01' and ~,e ,c,,,,,,, of,I,~ hi~h fr,,,,, "',-,,'e e""'Teli "i'h Eml"'ro"
ydlo~' cloth, decora<cd ",;n, ",,,)' ",hi,,· h ...·. The loo.>e LLprigb' I~'U" of
[he doth """ dr""" ,ocr"'" 10 tl,.. ,'i~h, nf ,1... C"dp "h"r" , Ydlo"-.bl,,,,l
Le,,,,,.;,,
pom'pom """ lix,~1. '!l,e "I~, h"d" ~hi""r"p.,,I"rge 1"'''. ",
n"p
,he fron' ,,,,d a .",aller ulle ,,, ,h,· n·"r. "ith , <mall I"""'~'n 'hem
on e,eh "ide I'm' di"erlill~ LI,e ".i"",,,,'r fru'" ,he "',,arcr"; ""n. "II of
,b,m m:l<!, of!c,"kr. In lMd "'e,,,h,',. ,I,,· h"",.,.i" "", I'f<>'a'ed wi'h a
block oil·,lin I"stead uf " r"r"~" e"l'. (;,o"adi"", "we Lhe
,<lI'C)',
b'mwrlio!'fif or "'chhou.... which ill IR% '-"I'l.,c..d 1>"th 'he hl'LCk Id'
,tirorn a"d the !ijlh'. fuldi"g 1,I"". 1<-,,,1,,,, hdme" The PC'1:hh"LLIx "",
r, ""I'
,imil" in .hape '" tl,,' ufli,e,~' ,,'"g" ad"I"~d a' ,h,' ..""e 'ime. hu'
,mrle "f black [",,,Ion wi'h " [""'I"",-,'d chi""",1' an<1 from pc"L Its
Ix'" high fTOl\t w'''' d"co,-.He,l "i'h "b"", g"'na<1e ,;",;1:>r to Lha' ""
,he t>e,,.,lin G'p.
Tho iW<k (inl,,,",)",~,cl,,·,) w", " "'hi", I:,il..,,,,,,. ,,';t!, .,kin, re",hi"g
"""'"" _ MCO .....
....__ tho .t. down to the middle of ,1,,' LI,igh,. Th,· "ki, ,-, 1>','1''' rnl,kd IMel u" l.mh
,kJ".
..'_ ,<., a"d 'he tum!>;",", "'en' f",·,,01 i" ...·~im..'''" colour. The frun'
~ MC" 'Ilt' pd,·[., ,10,,,
_ L"mh,,", ,,-ere nt<'ndeJ to f,,,,,,. ~, a iin,' of l:lCitl~
_'""o""'dG,_l,e, ,..__• col"", ,,:>.,,;,ihk a, 'he !o"er e,I~<' uf d,,· h.....",. Th~ fa".ing col",,, ,1,,,
.... ..."""' 1>1<.""'.
apf"",",d "n ,h.. upril(h' culla... ""IT, "',,, ,,,' "hi".'p;I'..<1 ,hunlder
G.." ,,.".'. ",aI". Thejack,,' wa, OllLlUIL('oI ",i,h "." b"I:" ""l:io"",,,,1 blLtt",,, a' 'he
""'I'.
1'",,,,. On.. Jarl(" I.","u" 1:"Lc"eri ,·....h ,h""I,I.." ""d 'wo were
......... Tho bl«>m __ ,., Ol'l
c.,.,.""",
......or d'~ 'eor a, wai>! b'd, The cufl' "fd,,· ""gi"'cll" were ofa plai"
'ho,,,,. '''''' ,
'ho'"
wilI>..... ,u, ....... "'. no '0",,01 I""em. while uf 'he 11""g'''''''' "'I:in"'",, "'<or,, I"';"t<xl
tI,,,
_. ""'.'hoQn"..~ and ,,'''mmed "i'h ·Ix.!'·, (1;,,,,, (!kim',,,,,,,,,). TI"·,,, co,,,i>tc'd ,,;,;,
<_..
,k, ""'ON ••-.0' f"""
-><' -'" hun"" 'II ,he '01' uf 'he culT. "hi,-l, " "'ip of "h;te be<' wi'h :0
_t' ......-. /tap....... fr;ngerl enddesc""ded. 1).0,10 cuIT!>l~" "·,,r,· d,,,,'01 a' 'he ",:al ""un ",ith
t...." on..
.......... em""".. , ,m,1l huttun pl'Ked "i","e d... f"dllg
I'u.. e'e..Y'''';- "'''k" 'he IllC" wme " pl"l"
MII<I, a "ud, j"cl."1 """I,· "I' ,·"ar,,'. "nl,le"d,,,d
,,0"
dod,. 11,,· Kittel ,i,,,il:o, in ~,,' to tile R,)('k,
""'y"'
but 'he ,.1..., f"lo1,·d h.el <I", f.."",. ",,01 i'
""" f''''ened ",id, th',· 1~~iJ~ "I' hooh ""d ,,'es. ,\
l'uI,l<-d "I"'igl,, ""II", ",,<I ,.i'Hple ro"nd <ull> "'ere
!><JtlL du"",; wid, " I",io "rh.."., a",! "-"'. U"de..
!><Jth 'l'l""" orp..k<', " ""i"m:" ,>0" ".....". made of
n ..·"";",,0:"
",om..,,,' Kud.,. had neitll"r ~"lIar
",,<I
"u,· puc!."" '''":is t:",o""d wi'b lell l><J"e
b""u,,S. Th,· ,hi..1. Ill'"i,' "I' whi'e lill"". ,,".,
''''''''lot
••x'"red II,,' n..... w;t!, a b1:>ek ."",k 'ha'
'0 ,)".
h"J" wlii'e i",..d,", "I'I",r e,lg':,
Li~ht-bl"c,,,,,,,,'''' ",,,i I>bel d,,'h ~ai'e",uf"
mid-<.·..lfb,~d, ",',.,.,. ;"t,,~h,e,·d for 'h" (;ernl''''
i"f"""l i" IR%. Th,' LmLL",r, .."""he,1 ,,\>me 'he
""I".
hip,. 1",,,,,,,,·01", ,i,,' a"d h",1 whi'" p;pi"g
,1,.. ..""... "':O'H, 0"
..l<"'g olnd " I~)('.e' tile righl
!lip. 'l1,e g,i,,"~haol ,I, bl:<el·l<:ath".. hLLttU'" e,,,,h
,,"'! w,,"'" wor" ""i'h r"',,n:m I""L,'m ,10,,,,•. which
",ere Iwcl.led (!"",'d fmm 11\-15).The Ilu,,~ari~lL'
'co"",,,,
",Me r1,,·ir "",!;,i""al 1""1:. [;gl" hiLL"
d,ru"gl""" 'ho: po:riod, "",kd i"lU 'he """,<I
a"~Ie,, ..r I:<e..d H""gari,,, half-huu"'. Th~'"
... u"".>C,~ ".,.,',. ,igl""",,,! arOlllld 'he hip' ,,'iLl, ,
•
L_~=~=~~=~~~~".,.~~~_,~= J "''';>lI~'l1 "r 10.-.",'''' "" R,,<;i,tl, k.,her ""d had"
-_.___ -
_
-A _,"_,-' ' ......,... "elll f",,,, ,I..,, "If'" lloe l~'''''m ~dg~ l"""';,kd "i'h '"''''''' p",r, "fhoob
.. f", ...",..
_ _-_, ~ ...",1 9'" i"l( 'il(l" '" ,h~ leg. On ,1><: ,h'l(h, ,h.~ w,'''' ,I,........." ...
_ "'ilh Hungaria.. ~,..", ill )",11",,· ,,,<1 tobd too",.1. The ",nk' I"'''''''' 1>0"".
_..--._
__.. ___.. '01'. "'''''I'..,,,"....
... ran I'll' ,be
....
-__,_- . The ,\I,,~'"11("""''''''"') ofmixe<t bbcl< and gT.....<k~h "... f",,,,,"«1
-
.. ,he fmn' "i,h "'~"n 1.'Jl<' 'tgm...nl:lll~"'<>I1>'Addi'iool:ll b'1le bu"..
... .. urn«_ ".
_'"_-.. - ><'<ured ,"" ,h....kkr ...."" ."d ,be lOp of .of '"'' ,,,,,, ,~ubI;
, ,=ti<aI poe"'" n:.1" .~, 11>0:: ,<::"....>kim; "'>0:: f_CfK ,,,., "..." , ,. ""I'
..
---«-, "- A IOIding coIw- .,..1"",,,tI <ulf)., , p;md ,be >kc>...
t"'·
"cn,.- fa<ed: ,kkt' ><np" " " piped in ,be rad.'!! <o1"" ~
theccntr.ll " II "n-<- ..... 2O-2.><n, '-en...." f:ili<o. 1.........1"""
"''''bItd
~-- ..., the bco<l< hh .he pm...nt 10 "P"'~......,'ll up loW
.nd" ,..............,
"""nnen", <hot boI'"",, ..hichcould he r....e'.....I.....
't~~...
ri;tbt to In> poi".".Iklt.>l> ."d ........11 ",incD>..,....,ofcoat r(llw<
n....c
nco. II.",,,. ..ere ",.1>' ..."..d '0 , <ttnIib.
\\,h,,,, ,,",th.~ l'<jU.pmcn, <on!O<tnl of "'... a~l", ,I... let
""oridg"
~bol, ..,,,9.2..."I'...'e...m... and~ ... brgc bot; (~
..xk. !lkm ,h'l' ..K! hogh) a' the n_ of 'hr righ' 1,,1' T1lr
bo~ «..,"'''...1...... "'UO<\m frame ".....,,-ed ..ilh libel< \e:;o'h _
on 'n.ww-
... "",,h.·, R.I'. "'" ;,dd"innal ""'" lbp> tbe ofd boI.
1"""c"h~1 ram p<'neuation. On ,10<- rigtll""'k' p"' 1 •
m"...
• \e-.,h,·, 1J<Xl..c' Il<'ld t-3 't""e gre-_..r1",h. ele. r",
I •
,h,' G"·""'he...... hOlh 'he _ arK! the "'·11 .....re 'k"......«I.
9c,,,
J- ,,1,10 h'''»lltc''~ Ilem high ", the br" fbI' "",I 01
th" 1"'11. 11", OIher btll. ~.~e", ..w· ,,,,<I ,1111111 ,,"c' d..
~III ,h""ld,·". "'I'I"'''~'',h~ >i<.I<~II'.',I... l,·n hll" 11,~
hl'l, 1.;.1" "'''~Ic In'll fnr 'he inl~,,<r}011 ",hi,h. I....,..till<'!
h"'''''''' ",.,IJl~",1 of l>Iac~ lea,h", ,,"'-, carri"d, G'""ad",o
.I~, ",It';"<1 ,I", Inion,,) >a~,'C 11';,)] " "'h,,,, 1"aLhet' ."md
1.>;,,'0""
,,,",,1' "" Ihe Ii.... fmg, ,,-i<l, • .>cm"d ""I)I.m'''~ ,I,,·
II<.I>I~"·,, ).'hi,"1. Al 'h" h,lC\' ul 'be I")"",,, ["''I(, a loop
_""H,,,d 11,,' I.'h II} ,I,,· Id' ,.~a, "-aj,,, 1""'011 "f 'h" j.del
()f
gre..",."_ The l>ch "". arlj",;te<! b,' 'n., I...,\'le ill (1'0'" 01
all
,h"
lcfll"l',
11..· 1...."'1.... (,.ll(.\ln bacl..pack) "... \'3.50<," h;~I,. :13.5",.
",<I,'
~"t.l 10.x'n <1....1'. and ha<I "'h,te I.....,to""",.~ Willi
,...... r,,,,,,Il''' h ...... ",..ried Oil ,..... ~.5cm ..,,100 .houkln
'lral" .I'.,,,~t I" • h"n.ro",a1 ....""""ting e"",,, "".1' ""I, •
h;oIf·.....m<l lx,,·kl.'. ,\I, :ld,t"ional 3.5oc", "ide ""'1' ".". a,,,","hed ..
c:o<h of,to.· ..t....'k .opo. "nn' thell"""«O:O' rol<led OI' the t<IfI
of "'" harJ.pa<~"I " ,n U>c. ;md a ,;mibr lh""' .....
do."d ,be t-"~I....k·> fro",. "' 'eo often bccurJ<' ~ ,,"'"
~leri" ,,'" """'""'"(....",,,," bacl,a .......- 1"",-t>ioI,......,....Wd
<':01"""" ...
in the bKl.t-~ f,u,," 1836. ~o ........ "'" 0.- ~ of
....,,- rull> pr•."..rilled bcf~ 1l.l65, .., ohiot one could ~.......
oo..->Iup<'ol " 0.- lI'IlOdcn "".,,;d OIl"'" of ,......... "' .,......-d
f.ilioic ouap.
........" OI " ..
u,r",,,,, ...·.... "ion,.........
1lIc .."Itd .,.;.h..,1OOIh--bo<c """I II..
no" 1840.. ..·1..... .,..,........,., ..,,_ ".,,-e """",Iue".,t.
'he inr"",,,· "",,,,Iiot,,. '"
8<- 1~':;. I."e and the fodd
•• th" Grell' ''1l''''e''l> had httl1 comp\c'eh ."",nlC'd ""b
.. an 1""'"'''''"'''''
>mooIh-boo,' """~e fi".... ""h AUK'1>tin """",
_
._............."..........
. l"cL. Til<' H,,,· I"""m)' "'cal"""·' "W~ 1","'ldc,1 Will. "Ioi,c lea,!.'·" .II,,~<,
TW , ....,-,,_ .... ",,,,,,,d If'(k," I'",~ .",d ,Ie'" "ide. ,,·hkh h.d ., L"cLI" :",,1 k,,,I,,.,
- - _
_ ,".'--'._-,_·."-".'L "'U,,"""'''L
..... ,,,,,,,,•• r<ll' I",,~,h
---_... Sc.o.. ,,-,..... dn_d ."d "'l"iPI"''' hI..<' G"nle",,,.•id, ,I'e rolh...,,,~
<li"i"~,~...,,
.,---
---,----_~ c."r.d,cr: ..·•....11,·" lor~;d ;.. ,..lIo..-hl.d ~......",d ,t... ~l.o., '''I' r...~"
.
.... ,~
..
- ..'--_ ~.d: ,..U,...·..<.ooIk-o. b<;<-.."h bbcl. hn.. ,...... <:"....., ffig.."m."w! ,t..·
..
._....-_ _ .to""' "'\'. 1.5<", ..ide "n,,1 lllfO :uld ~.6r", .h......"'"I.; I>b<l.
IOIlOO _.__
._ ._.. -..-.. 1..'..1 · ",,,0<10 Ili.1"<"J,"'.,..M..i.<.".. 6.~m dftp. Il.~'<m lo"gl ",,,,,,,,,I ,.of
...~"rillj(.. I.."" 1836 ;nbn,I' o;abr., ..-jib ...",,1 1.,.... ,.of
--- .......
__---- blor\.~"I"'" ~",pcroo Iow.......;"-iCOUlC. kootht-<"g........
,..-> ..- ..
.... r..k......t...t :0. ""'I"""L bu, .."h lWO"""dour""'por~r, .....":;..-n"nd ,he
--_--.._-_"._'_----"- ..h,>L'" , (""Il"= :>.:Um ..-.de h:uld w"h ado"lJ"id,...,.n.o)....(.1.9<... hbr\.
<..",.-.al ,il'" frum 1&10)..Sp:u>""- r~· ........ ~ Ih:", ......01
--._-.... .
.. l"o•.
"-'.__._-"",- omi,,'. (.'...k·1: .' "-'1')1;""'''' "'" "i,h C2ne ""d I""...h onh' ir 10....-••
><:",,,1 •..- ~" ><:,i"1l1o.oo. no ,nou"""h~•.
-
... . C",m~i".·,· .,..""",.."a,,,1 Regin.."",) Code",".1W<VU'"I. b", ..i,1o 1:1,)\,....
_
...-
...................- . <:'''C. I~"" 10 .no! ,Io.,~o I""" of ,ht rdw.", r,•.,k wht" ",r:O,. R.o,,~_,.
t\o m'H"'." h,·,.
_ __ .
.... I.""",,,·
-_-_~-)--'" I"'i,,·,' r:,,<I," t: ,,, FeI,l"c!>,:I, bu' ",,,h 1"'O,,<h "",I r,,,,c ,,,,II· ,,·h~n
-.. -_ l'C:O. "" ",,,,,,,,,,-h..,,
-..- 1>,,,
_".'" H,)",,'" ,,, fd<l,,·,.I.·1 "-i,Io",,, "''',Le, "",II",,,et,, C<J~HLrI..·h .",,11...
-_
"",.",.jn<_
'" ,In"" I"'h <of,I,
W.I':.,,,,,,,·i,,,,·,,", "",,,),,.•
.. H,I".... "'" ",lh 1>0-.... >J,...kl ,",;,10 n-gi",,·,"~1
-_ -
1M'" "" -.
- '''' ",1><',' .1"..<Id.r 10..11.
flo·,,,,,,,, ..
__-- r""',,.... "" lli,....... h", ..,Ib I.....L1l:'.... 00'" (nog""..,,0:01 ..h,,,.
Of ,·d~....bb'·l bu",..,.. "" pip,""nn~). ~ ",,,d f:ocing.je,;, ~
--.. "-- -- bbrl Ioino-n«,.o..c-;l,h..,.,.,..,,,I,k,,»,,o,,·..........,...-.,I """"on. I.... 011"""",, ",k....,
..,Ib ,,,Ik... kJ-.
-
On 1SApnl I!lUIU" \;00 ~_,.., ;obQl1>i><'d. A> ,1m Icl".JiR......"",I
C....""'I.... "(:0- .1"..... indisainguo<b:lbk bC"<'2..............,l br.. """
""1'"""'" "".n
"""",,I "" ,t..,;,- ~_. wlbr nt<o«J :><\di,~on:ol ,;on\. , t
