The Australian Army: A History of Its Organisation 1901-2001 (The Australian Army History Series)

473 Pages·2002·8.7 MB·English

by  Albert Palazzo

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THE AUSTRALIAN ARMY HISTORY SERIES
(GENERALEDITOR:DAVIDHORNER)
Janette Bomford Soldiers ofthe Queen: Women in the Australian Army
John Coates Bravery above Blunder: The 9th Australian Division
at Finschhafen,Sattelberg,and Sio
David Coombes Morshead: Hero ofTobruk and El Alamein
C.D.Coulthard-Clark Australia’s Military Map-makers: The Royal Australian
Survey Corps 1915–96
Peter S.Sadler The Paladin: A Life ofMajor-General Sir John Gellibrand
Michael B.Tyquin Neville Howse: Australia’s First Victoria Cross Winner
Glenn Wahlert The Other Enemy? Australian Soldiers
and the Military Police
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A History of its Organisation
1901–2001
A P
LBERT ALAZZO
1
3
253 Normanby Road, South Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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OXFORD is a trade mark of Oxford University Press
Copyright © 2001 Commonwealth of Australia
First published 2001
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National Library of Australia
Cataloguing-in-publication data:
Palazzo, Albert, 1957– .
The Australian Army: a history of its organisation 1901–2001
Bibliography.
Includes index.
ISBN 0 19 551507 2 (slipcase).
ISBN 0 19 551506 4 (hbk).
1. Australia. Army—History. 2. Australia—History,
Military. I. Title. (Series: Australian Army History series.)
355.30994
Edited by Bruce Gillespie
Indexed by Geraldine Suter
Text designed by Jason Phillips
Cover designed by Jason Phillips at Polar Design Pty Ltd
Typeset by Polar Design Pty Ltd
Printed by Kyodo Printing Co. (Singapore) Pte Ltd
Oxford University Press and the Australian Army would like to thank the staff of the
Australian War Memorial, Canberra, for their assistance in locating, and
permission to reproduce, many of the photographs.
TO THE MEN AND WOMEN OF THE AUSTRALIAN ARMY
This page intentionally left blank
C o n t e n t s
Illustrations viii
Tables x
Maps xiv
Charts xv
Acknowledgments xvi
1 The origins of army organisation 1
2 From Federation to World War I 14
3 World War I 62
4 The interwar years 81
5 World War II 135
6 Post-war reorganisation and the Korean War 192
7 The rise of the Australian Regular Army 229
8 The defence of Australia 309
9 The future of army organisation 373
Abbreviations 388
Notes 395
Bibliography 436
Index 447
vii
I l l u s t r a t i o n s
General Sir Edward Hutton 18
Agricultural High School Cadets, Sale, Vic, 1909 45
No. 5 Battery, Australian Field Artillery, 1908 49
Staff cadets on parade at Royal Military College
Duntroon, 1913 58
Major-General Sir William T. Bridges 64
Mena Army Camp, Egypt, 1915 66
Brigadier-General C. B. B. White 69
Brigadier-General T. H. Dodds 73
Major-General J. G. Legge 86
Lieutenant-General Sir John Monash 89
Lieutenant-General Sir J. J. T. Hobbs and staff 90
Lieutenant-General Sir Harry Chauvel 94
Lieutenant-General J. D. Lavarack 116
Major-General Sir Julius Bruche 120
Lieutenant-General Ernest Squires 124
1st Armoured Division at Puckapunyal, 1942 145
General Sir Thomas Blamey 149
Coastal Artillery gunners 155
Darwin Mobile Force during anti-gas drill 160
Army Boat 442 Frances Peat at Lae, New Guinea 161
viii
illustrations
Lieutenant-General Sir Iven Mackay 164
General Douglas MacArthur 173
Lieutenant-General John Northcott 176
Lieutenant-General J. Northcott inspecting Australian
troops 199
Lieutenant-Colonel F. S. Walsh (3 RAR, BCOF) receives
the Gloucester Cup 200
Lieutenant-General S. Rowell 204
Lieutenant-General V. A. H. Sturdee 222
Major-General George F. Wootten 227
Lieutenant-General Sir John Wilton 269
Russell Office Complex 314
Lieutenant-General Sir Leslie Morshead 315
Lieutenant-General Peter Gration 323
Armoured Personnel Carrier of 5/7 RAR 329
Members of a Regional Force Surveillance unit 332
The campus of the Australian Defence Force Academy 335
Army aviation: a Blackhawk helicopter 339
The SAS on patrol 340
Major-General John Sanderson 363
Australian light armoured vehicles 365
An armoured personnel carrier on Exercise K95 375
Lieutenant-General Peter Cosgrove 376
ix