The Articulated Peasant: Household Economies in the Andes

409 Pages·2001·39.64 MB·English

by  Enrique Mayer

The
CULATED
PEASANT

Househo Economies
in the Andes
E N R I Q U E M A Y E R
A kkcmber of rhc Perseus Rooks Croup
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Library of Congress Cata~oging-~l?-Puh~icatDioant a
itfayer, Enrique, 1944-
Tfte articulated peasant : household economies in the Andes / Enrique Mayer.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index,
rssr\i o-s13~-3;716(-~~> bk,)
1. Indians of South America-13eru-Economic conditions. 2. Indians of Scluth
Axncrica-Idand tcnurc-Peru. 3. Tndiatls of South Amcrica-AgricuIture-Peru.
4, Peasantry-Econc>~nic aspects-I'eru. 5, Home economics-13eru-klistc~ry. 6.
Idand use, Rural-Pcru-History* 7. Encomtcndas (Latin America )--Hi story. 8,
Agriculture-Econc~inic aspects-Peru, 9, Peru-Economic conditions. I. Title-
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Contents
1 THEH OUSEHOLIDN PERSPECTIVE
How, Field, and Money, 1
The Household in the Andes, 4
The Household in the Comuniry, 35
2 REDISTRIBUTIOANN D TRADEIN
INCA SOCIETY
The Ethnic Group, 49
konomic Organimuon of the Inca State, 52
Evidence for Trade, 54
Trade in Luxuries, 55
Marketplaces in Cities and Towns, 58
IntewologiaI Trade, 60
The Growth of Trading in Colonial Times, 68
Postscript, 70
3 A TRIBUTTEO THE HOUSEHOLD:
DOMESTIECC ONOMYA ND THE
ENCOMIENDAIN COLONIAPLE RU
Saturday, February 14,1562,78
The TestJmony, 79
Household Types, 89
The Burden of Tribute, 94
Conclusions, 99
Postscript, 102
4 THER ULESO F THE GAME
IN ANDEANR ECIPROCITY
How Reciprociry Works, 105
Forms of Andean Reciprwiry, 108
Plowixrg and Harvesting, 1 12
Exploiration with Reciprxity, 116
Ceremonial &changes, 11 8
Reciprwity, Redistribution and Symbolic Capital, 121
Twa~on1, 23
Counting and Sharing, 128
The L i ~ mof R eciprocity, 131
Posmript, 135
hpurities, 143
Hatvest Failure, 145
Srrategies Intended to Overmme the Crisis, 148
3wcr: A eneralized Exchmge System, 151
Forms of Barter, 153
Why Barter] 157
Post~ript,1 68
Coak Economic Fmctions, 174
Social Roles of C-, 177
Access to Cwa and Ethnic Domination, l81
Coca Substitution, 184
The New Context in the Late 1990s, 186
Aggressive Marketiq, 191
Respect for Coca, 195
Undue Appropriation, 197
Postscript, 199
7 At~urroP ARA GANAR
("A LITTLES OMETHINGT a EARN"):
PROEITSA ND LOSSESI N PEASANT
ECONOMIES(W ITH MANUELG LAVE)
Tdmayo and Pa bo Valleys, 210
Real Lasses (Total hlmes), 212