The Architect's Portable Handbook

706 Pages·2004·12.31 MB·English

by  Pat Guthrie

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The Architect’s
Portable Handbook
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DOI: 10.1036/0071428895
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Dedicated to:
•Bill Mahoney of BNI (Building
News Inc.) who encouraged me in
the first edition
•Joel Stein,editor of the first edition
•My family (Jan,Eric,and Erin)
•The memory of my parents
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The author wishes to thank Bill
Mahoney of BNI Building News
for providing many of the costs in
this book.
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Contents
Preface to the Third Edition xiii
How to Use This Book xv
Use this table as a checklist for the design of buildings.
PART 1. GENERAL
A. Practice (schedule of A/E services) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
B. “Systems” Thinking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
C. Specifications (CSI Format) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
D. Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
E. Construction Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
F. Construction Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
G. Practical Math and Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
H. Building Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
1. Zoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
2. Code Requirements for Residential
Construction (2000 IRC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
3. Building Code (2000 IBC and NFPA 5000) . . 93
a. Occupant Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
b. Occupancy Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
c. Allowable Floor Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
d. Allowable Building Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
e. Construction Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
f. Hourly Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
g. Occupancy Separations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
h. Sprinkler Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
i. Fire Areas, Walls, Barriers,
and Partitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
vii
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viii Contents
j. Fire Protection of Exterior Walls
and Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
k. Exiting and Stairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
4. Accessibility (ADA requirements) . . . . . . . . . . . 157
I. Structural Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
1. Construction Type by Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
2. Long vs. Short Spans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
3. Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
4. Low- vs. High-Rise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
5. Lateral and Uplift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
6. Structural Components (A Primer) . . . . . . . . . 172
7. Rules of Thumb for Estimating Structural
Sizes (Span-to-Depth Ratios) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
J. Energy: Passive and Active Approaches to
Conservation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
1. Passive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
2. Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
3. Energy Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
K. Green Architecture (Sustainable Buildings) . . . . . . . . 217
L. Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
1. Room Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
2. Sound Isolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
PART 2. SITE
A. Land Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
1. Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
2. Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
3. Site Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
4. Streets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
5. Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
6. Open-Space Proportions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
B. Grading and Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
1. Grading for Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
2. Maximum Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
3. Desirable Grades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
4. Grades at Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
5. Retaining Walls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
6. Earthwork Conversion Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
7. Earthwork Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
8. Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
C. Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257