The Anthropomorphic Lens: Anthropomorphism, Microcosmism and Analogy in Early Modern Thought and Visual Arts

549 Pages·2014·36.32 MB·English

by  Walter Melion

The Anthropomorphic Lens
Intersections
interdisciplinary studies in early modern culture
General Editor

Karl A.E. Enenkel (Chair of Medieval and Neo-Latin Literature
Westfälische Wilhelmsuniversität Münster
e-mail: kenen_01@uni_muenster.de)
Editorial Board
W. van Anrooij (University of Leiden)
W. de Boer (Miami University)
Chr. Göttler (University of Bern)
J.L. de Jong (University of Groningen)
W.S. Melion (Emory University)
R. Seidel (Goethe University Frankfurt am Main)
P.J. Smith (University of Leiden)
J. Thompson (Queen’s University Belfast)
A. Traninger (Freie Universität Berlin)
C. Zittel (University of Stuttgart)
C. Zwierlein (Harvard University)
VOLUME 34 – 2015
The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/inte
The Anthropomorphic Lens
Anthropomorphism, Microcosmism and Analogy in
Early Modern Thought and Visual Arts
Edited by
Walter S. Melion, Bret Rothstein and Michel Weemans
LEIDEN | BOSTON
Cover illustration: detail from Venus, Bacchus, and Ceres (Sine Cerere et Baccho friget Venus). Hendrick
Goltzius, 1593. Pen and brown ink on parchment, 61.3 × 49.5 cm. London, British Museum. By kind
permission of the British Museum.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The anthropomorphic lens : anthropomorphism, microcosmism, and analogy in early modern thought
and visual arts / edited by Walter S. Melion, Bret Rothstein, and Michel Weemans.
  pages cm. — (Intersections : interdisciplinary studies in early modern culture, ISSN 1568-1181 ;
volume 34)
 Includes bibliographical references and index.
 ISBN 978-90-04-26170-9 (hardback : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-27503-4 (e-book : alk. paper)
1. Anthropomorphism. 2. Analogy. 3. Analogy (Religion) 4. Anthropomorphism in literature.
I. Melion, Walter S., editor.
 BL215.A58 2014
 169—dc23
2014020427
This publication has been typeset in the multilingual ‘Brill’ typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering
Latin, ipa, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities.
For more information, please see brill.com/brill-typeface.
issn 1568-1181
isbn 978-90-04-26170-9 (hardback)
isbn 978-90-04-27503-4 (e-book)
Copyright 2015 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Koninklijke Brill nv incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Nijhoff, Global Oriental and Hotei Publishing.
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This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Contents
List of Illustrations  viii
Notes on the Editors  xxii
Notes on the Contributors  xxiv
Introduction  1
Michel Weemans and Bertrand Prévost
Anthropomorphism and the Order of Things
Delineating the Boundaries of the Human
1 Revolting Beasts: Animal Satire and Animal Trials in the
Dutch Revolt  23
Anne-Laure van Bruaene
2 Monkey in the Middle  43
Christina Normore
3 Landscape and Body in Rabelais’s Gargantua and Pantagruel  67
Paul J. Smith
4 The Migrating Cannibal: Anthropophagy at Home and at the
Edge of the World  93
Miya Tokumitsu
Empathy and the Constitution of the Self
5 Picturing the Soul, Living and Departed  119
Nathalie de Brézé
6 Patience Grows: The First Roots of Joris Hoefnagel’s
Emblematic Art  145
Marisa Bass
7 The Album Αmicorum and the Kaleidoscope of the Self: Notes on the
Friendship Book of Jacob Heyblocq  179
Aneta Georgievska-Shine
vi contents
Visualizing the Body Politic
8 Picturing the ‘Living’ Tabernacle in the Antwerp Polyglot Bible  207
Pamela Merrill Brekka
9 A New Heraldry: Vision and Rhetoric in the Carrara Herbal  231
Sarah R. Kyle
10 Anthropomorphic Maps: On the Aesthetic Form and Political Function
of Body Metaphors in the Early Modern Europe Discourse  251
Elke Anna Werner
Figuration and Semiotic Potential  
Anthropomorphosis and Its Critics  
11 Prodigies of Nature, Wonders of the Hand: Political Portents and Divine
Artifice in Haarlem ca. 1600  277
Walter S. Melion
12 Between Fiction and Reality: The Image Body in the Early Modern
Theory of the Symbol  323
Ralph Dekoninck
Anthropomorphosis and Its Conditions
13 Anthropomorphizing the Orders: ‘Terms’ of Architectural Eloquence in
the Northern Renaissance  341
Elizabeth J. Petcu
14 Visage-paysage. Problème de peinture  379
Bertrand Prévost
Figuring the Impossible
15 Nobody’s Bruegel  403
Christopher P. Heuer
16 Morbid Fascination: Death by Bruegel  421
Larry Silver
contents vii
Metamorphic Figuration
17 Jan van Hemessen’s Anatomy of Parody  457
Bret L. Rothstein
18 The Smoke of Sacrifice: Anthropomorphism and Figure in Karel van
Mallery’s Sacrifice of Cain and Abel for Louis Richeome’s
Tableaux Sacrez (1601)  480
Michel Weemans
Index Nominum  517
List of Illustrations
Figures 1.1–1.7 (accompanying the article of Anne-Laure van Bruaene):
1.1 Anonymous, Cessez Pourceaux de rompre ma Haye [. . .] fay
ailleurs la guerre/Houdt op in mijn Thuijn te wroeten Spaensche
Beeren [. . . .] (Stop Rooting Around in My Garden, Spanish Pigs)
(ca. 1578–1582). Etching, 235 × 293 mm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum,
Rijksprentenkabinet, RP-P-OB-77.682 24
1.2 Anonymous, De misse der ijpocrijten/ La messe des Hijpocrits (Mass
of Hypocrites) (ca. 1566). Woodcut, 152 × 233 mm. Amsterdam,
Rijksmuseum, Rijksprentenkabinet, RP-P-OB-78.853 28
1.3 Johannes Wierix (attr.), Den slapende leeu (The Sleeping Lion)
(1578). Engraving, 202 × 314 mm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum,
Rijksprentenkabinet, RP-P-OB-79.019 29
1.4 Anonymous, De ganzen verjagen de vossen (The Geese Chase the
Foxes), ca. 1572. Engraving, 217 × 280 mm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum,
Rijksprentenkabinet, RP-P-OB-79.024 31
1.5 Marcus van Vaernewijck, copy of a print Duer Godts ghenade ben ic
ghevaen/ Duer mij mach men veel wonders verstaen// La grace de
Dieu m’a faict prendre/ Par moij peut on grand merveille entendre
(By the Grace of God I was Caught/ One Can Understand Great
Wonder Through Me) (1566). Ink drawing in Vaernewijck’s autograph
chronicle. Ghent, Universiteitsbibliotheek, ms. 2469 33
1.6 Anonymous, Die Khue Auß Niderlandt (The Netherlandish Cow)
(ca. 1587). Etching, 175 × 263 mm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum,
Rijksprentenkabinet, RP-P-OB-80.058 38
1.7 Michael von Aitzing and Frans Hogenberg, “Leo Belgicus”
(The Netherlandish Lion), engraved illustration to the 1588 reprint
of Novus de leone Belgico eiusque topographica atque historica
descriptione liber (Cologne, Gerhard von Kempen: 1583). 366 ×
445 mm. Ghent, Universiteitsbibliotheek, Acc. 1892 38
Figures 2.1–2.5 (accompanying the article of Christina Normore):
2.1 South Netherlandish, Beaker (“Monkey Cup”) (ca. 1425–50 with
additions). Silver, silver gilt, enamel, overall 20 × 11.7 cm. The
Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Cloisters, 1952 (52.20). Image
copyright © The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Image source:
Art Resource, NY 44
list of illustrations ix
2.2 South Netherlandish, Beaker (“Monkey Cup”) (ca. 1425–50 with
additions). Silver, silver gilt, enamel, overall 20 × 11.7 cm. The
Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Cloisters, 1952 (52.20). Detail of
sleeping peddler. Image copyright © The Metropolitan Museum of
Art. Image source: Art Resource, NY 55
2.3 Paris, The Lover dreaming, from Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de
Meun’s Roman de la rose (ca. 1335). Brussels, Bibliothèque royale MS
9576 fol. 1 57
2.4 South Netherlandish, Beaker (“Monkey Cup”) (ca. 1425–50 with
additions). Silver, silver gilt, enamel, overall 20 × 11.7 cm. The
Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Cloisters, 1952 (52.20). Detail of
interior. Image copyright © The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Image
source: Art Resource, NY 60
2.5 South Netherlandish, Beaker (“Monkey Cup”) (ca. 1425–50 with
additions). Silver, silver gilt, enamel, overall 20 × 11.7 cm. The
Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Cloisters, 1952 (52.20). Detail
of interior base showing sixteenth-century medallion. Image
copyright © The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Image source: Art
Resource, NY 62
Figures 4.1–4.7 (accompanying the article of Miya Tokumitsu):
4.1 Theodore de Bry, depiction of cannibalism, from his Americae Tertia
Pars [. . .] (Frankfurt am Main, Sigmund Feyerabend: 1592) 179.
Engraving. Vincennes, Service Historique de la Marine. Photo
© Giraudon / The Bridgeman Art Library 94
4.2 Willem Janszoon Blaeu, Regiones sub Polo Arctico (Amsterdam:
Willem Janszoon Blaeu: 1642–1643). Hand-colored map, 41 × 53 cm.
San Marino, Henry E. Huntington Library and Gallery. This item is
reproduced with permission from the Huntington Library, San
Marino, California 94
4.3 Unknown artist, Arctica (1662). Engraving, 30 × 43 cm. London,
The British Museum. © The Trustees of the British Museum 95
4.4 Leonhard Kern, Female Cannibal (c. 1650). Ivory, height 20 cm;
oval plinth 11.2 × 10 cm. Stuttgart, Landesmuseum Württemberg.
Photo: H. Zweitasch; Landesmuseum Württemberg, Stuttgart 96
4.5 Étienne Delaune, Envy (1575). Engraving, 5.6 × 8.1 cm. Paris, Louvre.
Photo: Martine Beck-Coppola. © RMN-Grand Palais/Art Resource,
New York 104
x list of illustrations
4.6 Étienne Delaune, Famine (1575). Engraving, 7 × 9 cm. Nashville,
Vanderbilt University Fine Arts Gallery. Courtesy Vanderbilt
University Fine Arts Gallery 105
4.7 Willem Janszoon Blaeu, Regiones sub Polo Arctico (Amsterdam:
Willem Janszoon Blaeu: 1642–1643). Hand-colored map, 41 × 53 cm.
San Marino, Henry E. Huntington Library and Gallery. Detail of upper
part of the map. This item is reproduced with permission from the
Huntington Library, San Marino, California 106
Figures 5.1–5.12 (accompanying the article of Nathalie de Brézé):
5.1 Hieronymus Wierix, Memorare novissima tua, et in aeternum non
peccabis (allegory of human salvation; before 1619). Engraving,
134 × 92 mm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum 120
5.2 Master MZ, The Triumph over All Temptations at the Moment of Death,
from an Ars moriendi (s.l., s.p.: c. 1500–1510). Engraving, 88 × 67 mm.
London, British Museum 126
5.3 Carel van Mallery after Jan van der Straet, Death of a Penitent Man
(ca. 1596). Engraving, 224 × 117 mm. London, British Museum 127
5.4 Pieter van der Borcht I, The Death of the Rich Man (c. 1575–1600).
Engraving, 242 × 296 mm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum 128
5.5 Pieter van der Borcht I, The Death of Lazarus (c. 1575–1600).
Engraving, 242 × 296 mm. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum 129
5.6 Crispijn van de Passe I after Maerten de Vos, The Rich Man and
Lazarus (1589–1611). Engraving, 223 × 260 mm. Amsterdam,
Rijksmuseum 130
5.7 Antonius Wierix II, Cor Jesu amanti sacrum (1575), reprinted in
Gabriel de Mello, Les Divines opérations de Jésus dans le cœur d’une
âme fidelle (Paris, van Merle: 1673) 14 132
5.8 Otto Vaenius, Sine amore mors, part of his Amoris divini emblemata,
studio et aere Othonis Vaenii concinnata (Antwerp, Martin Nutij et
Joannes Meursius: 1615) 55 135
5.9 Otto Vaenius, Finis amoris ut duo unum fiant (Antwerp, Martin Nutij
et Joannes Meursius: 1615) 59 137
5.10 Anonymous, printed by Claes Jansz. Visscher, The Spiritual
Garden (c. 1650). Engraving, 408 × 535 mm. Amsterdam,
Rijksmuseum 138
5.11 Boëtius à Bolswert, Ante orationem praepara animam tuam, part of
Antoine Sucquet, Via vitae aeternae iconibus, illustrata per Boëtium a
Bolswert (Antwerp, Martin Nutij: 1620) 86 140