The Aegean Sea after the Cold War: Security and Law of the Sea Issues

260 Pages·2000·26.4 MB·English

by  Aldo Chircop

The Aegean Sea after the Cold War
International Political Economy Series
General Editor: Timothy M. Shaw, Professor of Political Science and
International Development Studies, and Director of the Centre for Foreign
Policy Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia
Titles include:
Steve Chan and A. Cooper Drury (editors)
SANCTIONS AS ECONOMIC STATECRAFT
Theory and Practice
Aldo Chircop, Andre Gerolymatos and John O. Iatrides
THE AEGEAN SEA AFTER THE COLD WAR
Security and Law of the Sea Issues
Diane Ethier
ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT IN NEW DEMOCRACIES
Lessons from Southern Europe
Gary McMahon (editor)
LESSONS IN ECONOMIC POLICY FOR EASTERN EUROPE FROM
LATIN AMERICA
Jeffrey Henderson (editor)
INDUSTRIAL TRANSFORMATION IN EASTERN EUROPE IN THE LIGHT OF
THE EAST ASIAN EXPERIENCE
Jacques Hersh and Johannes Dragsbaek Schmidt (editors)
THE AFTERMATH OF 'REAL EXISTING SOCIALISM' IN EASTERN EUROPE
Volume 1: Between Western Europe and East Asia
Anne Lorentzen and Marianne Rostgaard (editors)
THE AFTERMATH OF 'REAL EXISTING SOCIALISM' IN EASTERN EUROPE
Volume 2: People and Technology in the Process of Transition
Transferred to Digital Printing 2011
International Political Economy Series
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(outside North America only)
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The Aegean Sea after
the Cold War
Security and Law of the Sea Issues
Edited by
Aido Chircop
Director, Marine Affairs Programme
Dalhousie University
Halifax
Canada
Andre Gerolymatos
Hellenic Studies Chair
Simon Fraser University
Burnaby
Canada
and
John O. Iatrides
University Professor of International Politics
Southern Connecticut State University
New Haven
Connecticut
USA
First published in Great Britain 2000 by
MACMILLAN PRESS LTD
Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and London
Companies and representatives throughout the world
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN 978-0-333-71897-1 hardcover
ISBN 978-0-333-71898-8 paperback
First published in the United States of America 2000 by
ST. MARTIN'S PRESS, INC.,
Scholarly and Reference Division,
175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010
ISBN 978-1-349-62430-0 ISBN 978-1-137-08879-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-137-08879-6
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The Aegean Sea after the Cold War : security and law of the sea issues
1 edited by Aldo Chircop, Andre Gerolymatos and John O. Iatrides.
p. cm. - (International politica! economy series)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Law of the sea-Aegean Sea Region. 2. Greece-Foreign
relations-Turkey. 3. Turkey-Foreign relations-Greece.
4. Security, International. I. Chircop, Al do E. II. Gerolymatos,
Andre. III. Iatrides, John O. IV. Series.
KZA1146.G8A38 1999
341.4'5-dc21 99-37673
CIP
Selection and editorial matter © Aldo Chircop, Andre Gerolymatos and John O. latrides 2000
Chapter 3 © John O. Iatrides 2000
Chapter 4 © Andre Gerolymatos 2000
Chapter 7 © A Ido Chircop 2000
Chapters 1, 2, 5, 6, 8-14 © Macmillan Press Ltd 2000
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 2000 978-0-312-22603-9
Ali rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made
without written permission.
No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written
permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act
1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright
Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W 1P OLP.
Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to
criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
The authors hav e asserted their rights tobe identified as the authors of this work in accordance
with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained
forest sources.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 OI 00
Contents
List of Tables and Figures vii
Acknowledgements viii
List ofA bbreviations ix
Notes on the Contributors x
Map of the Aegean Sea Region xiv
Introduction 1
PART I HISTORICAL AND SECURITY PERSPECTIVES
1 The Dodecanese and the Aegean Issue: Historical
Background 7
John Papadimas
2 British Perspectives on Greek-Turkish Relations in the
Aftermath of World War II 17
Richard Clogg
3 NATO and Aegean Disputes: The Cold War and After 32
John o. Iatrides
4 The Military Balance of Power Between Greece and
Turkey: Tactical and Strategic Objectives 47
Andre Gerolymatos
5 Greek Deterrence Strategy 61
Athanassios G. Platias
PART II LAW OF THE SEA AND GOVERNANCE
PERSPECTIVES
6 Greece and the Law of the Sea: A Greek Perspective 89
Anastasia Strati
7 Maritime Boundary-Making in the Mediterranean: A
Necessary Premise for Regional Marine Co-operation? 103
Aldo Chircop
v
vi Contents
8 The Gulf of Maine Boundary Dispute and Transboundary
Management Challenges: Lessons for the Aegean? 118
David VanderZwaag
9 The Crisis Over the Imia Rocks and the Aegean Sea Regime:
International Law as a Language of Common Interest 134
Evangelos Ra{topoulos
10 The Fisheries Issues in the Aegean Sea 152
Chiara M. Della Mea
11 Prospects for Joint Resource Development: The Case of the
Aegean Sea 159
Nicholas P. Katsepontes
12 Scanty Resources: Water Problems in Greece 188
Amikam Nachmani
13 Oceans Governance and Human Security Towards the End
of the Century: Regional Approaches 206
Glen f. Herbert and Timothy M. Shaw
14 Dispute Settlement and the Law of the Sea with Special
Reference to the Aegean Sea 225
Ted L. McDorman
Conclusion: The Aegean - Life-line and Battle-line 240
Index 243
List of Tables and Figures
Table 5.1 Violations of Greek air space 67
Table 5.2 The impact of low birth rates on the ceiling of
the Greek armed forces 69
Table 5.3 Ratio of Greek to Turkish GNP and ratio of Greek
to Turkish military expenditures 71
Table 11.1 Comparison of key principles and elements
relating to marine management 161
Table 11.2 Comparison of OECD coastal zone management
survey responses 179
Map of the Aegean Sea Region xiv
Fig. 2.1 Greek and Turkish soldiers greeting each other 18
Fig. 2.2 Ecumenical Patriarch Athinagoras I walking in
the ruins of the Panagia Veligradiou in Istanbul 19
Fig. 5.1 Possible distribution of territorial seas in the
Aegean (6 nautical miles) 65
Fig. 7.1 Map of the Mediterranean Sea 106
Fig. 8.1 General map of the Gulf of Maine region,
showing the starting-point for the delimitation
line and the area for its termination 123
Fig. 8.2 Claims of the parties in the Gulf of Maine case 126
Fig. 11.1 Joint development scheme for Aegean Sea oil and
gas exploration and exploitation 183
vii
Acknowledgements
The publication of this volume and the conference preceding it were
made possible through the efforts and co-operation of several individu
als and institutions. Senator Shirley Maheu kindly made the Canadian
House of Commons facilities available for the panel discussions. The
organizers would like to thank Mr James Kromida, CA, and KPLV
Quality Investments & Financial Planning for their generous financial
support. The conference and partial support for the publication were
facilitated through a grant from the University Publications Fund at
Simon Fraser University as well as the Hellenic Canadian Congress of
British Columbia Chair in Hellenic Studies at Simon Fraser University.
The Hellenic Studies Center at Dawson College provided logistical
support and co-ordination. The Marine and Environmental Law
Program at Dalhousie Law School was were instrumental in the organi
zation of the conference. The editors are grateful to Susan Rolston for
preparing the manuscript for publication and all her critical comments
and suggestions, as well as to Maria Hatzigiannakis for co-ordinating
the work between Dalhousie and Simon Fraser University.
The Editors
Participating Institutions:
Marine and Environmental Law Program, Dalhousie University
Research Institute on Southeastern Europe, Simon Fraser University
Hellenic Studies Program, Simon Fraser University
Department of Political Science, Southern Connecticut State University
Centre for Foreign Policy Studies, Dalhousie University
viii
List of Abbreviations
AFSOUTH Allied Forces Southern Europe
AKEL Cyprus Communist Party
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
AWACS Airborne Warning and Control System
CSBM Confidence- and Security-Building Measure
CSC Convention on the Continental Shelf
DWFN Distant-Water Fishing Nation
EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone
EU European Union
EYDAP Athens Water Supply and Sewerage Company
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
Nations
GFCM General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
IC] International Court of Justice
ILC International Law Commission
IMO International Maritime Organization
IOI International Ocean Institute
LOS Law of the Sea
MAP Mediterranean Action Plan
MCSBM Maritime Confidence- and Security-Building Measure
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NCBM Naval Confidence-Building Measure
NCO Non-Commissioned Officer
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
OEeD Organization for Economic Co-operation and
Development
PfP Partnership for Peace
SAM Surface-to-Air Missile
UK United Kingdom
UN United Nations
UNCED United Nations Conference on Environment and
Development
UNCLOS III Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea
UNEP United Nations Environment Programme
US United States
ix