the ADMS microgrid management system

67 Pages·2017·2.18 MB·English

by  Rafael Ruiz

Final Degree Project

Degree in Industrial Technology

Analysis of an innovation: the ADMS microgrid
management system

MEMORY

Author: Pol Cammany Ruiz
Director: Jordi Olivella Nadal
Date: June 2017

Escola Tècnica Superior
d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona

Analysis of an innovation: the ADMS microgrid management system Page 1
Abstract
The change of the electrical grid towards the Smart Grid development is around the corner.
Electric vehicles, distributed energy resources, microgrids, demand response, energy storage
or grid automatization are changing the way the grid is managed. In this project, the Advanced
Distribution Management System (ADMS) is analyzed focusing on the innovation it is to the
electrical energy management in the distribution and low voltage networks as well as the
microgrids and, as they are related, Distributed Energy Resources (DER).
Section 3 explains the current state of the electrical network and the problems it is facing
nowadays. It is focused on the change of model from a one-way power flow to the bi-directional
power flow and the problems it brings to the electrical grid management. Furthermore, it is
explained why does the grid needs to evolve towards what is known as the Smart Grid and
what are the key technologies to make it happen. The main technologies related to the smart
grid are then explained (3.3). Finally, at the end of this section, it concludes that some of the
higher priorities for this evolution are DER, microgrids and energy storage integration within
the IT systems used for utilities to manage the grid.
Section 0 explains what is it in general the ADMS, which systems it can integrate and which
functionalities does it usually have. Subsequently, the key functionalities from the ADMS for
DER and microgrids management are explained (4.1), how do they work and which benefits
do they have when they are integrated in an ADMS instead of working independently.
Finally, in section 5 briefly studies the market to understand the future development of the
ADMS in the upcoming years and which companies are developing this software and adapting
it to fit the market necessities. There is also a study of the current technology state and what
are they next development challenges.
In conclusion, the ADMS brings the opportunity to company grid operators and utilities to adapt
and modernize their grid for the overcoming challenges of DER integration and microgrid
management. Whether this integration is because of the vision of the company/utility or due to
external factors, such as end-consumer satisfaction or governmental policies, depends on
each case. The number ADMS developers are high enough to guarantee that the development
of this technology will continue and that new ADMS solutions will emerge to improve even
more the ones present today.
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Analysis of an innovation: the ADMS microgrid management system Page 3
Table of Contents
ABSTRACT ___________________________________________________ 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS _________________________________________ 3
LIST OF FIGURES _____________________________________________ 5
LIST OF TABLES ______________________________________________ 7
1. GLOSSARY ______________________________________________ 9
2. INTRODUCTION __________________________________________ 11
3. THE ELECTRICAL GRID. THE EVOLUTION TOWARDS SMART
GRIDS __________________________________________________ 13
3.1. Current Electrical Grid .................................................................................. 13
3.1.1. Description ...................................................................................................... 13
3.1.2. Problematic ..................................................................................................... 14
3.2. The necessity of the Smart Grid ................................................................... 15
3.3. Smart Grid associated technologies ............................................................. 18
3.3.1. Distributed Energy Resources ........................................................................ 18
3.3.2. Electric Vehicle................................................................................................ 19
3.3.3. Microgrids ....................................................................................................... 20
3.3.4. Efficient & Automated Homes ......................................................................... 22
3.4. Development of Smart Grid technologies ..................................................... 23
4. ADVANCED DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM __________ 25
4.1. Key ADMS functions for microgrid and DER management .......................... 29
4.1.1. Load forecasting ............................................................................................. 29
4.1.2. Renewable forecasting .................................................................................... 31
4.1.3. Relay protection – Switching Management ..................................................... 32
4.1.4. Volt / VAR control and optimization ................................................................. 32
4.1.5. Controllable resource management ................................................................ 34
4.1.6. Fault Location, Isolation and Restoration ........................................................ 38
4.1.7. Dynamic Grid Operation .................................................................................. 42
4.1.8. Islanding Operation ......................................................................................... 45
4.2. Technology impact ....................................................................................... 45
5. ADMS MARKET ANALYSIS ________________________________ 47
5.1. Market Overview .......................................................................................... 47
5.2. Key ADMS Vendors ..................................................................................... 49
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5.3. Technology development challenges .......................................................... 53
6. STUDY’S ECONOMIC BUDGET _____________________________ 57
CONCLUSIONS ______________________________________________ 59
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS _______________________________________ 61
REFERENCES _______________________________________________ 63
Analysis of an innovation: the ADMS microgrid management system Page 5
List of Figures
Figure 3.1: Demand Curve in Spain. Source: (REE, 2017) .................................................. 14
Figure 3.2. Nowadays Electricity Supply Chain. Source: (NetGain Energy Advisors, 2017) . 16
Figure 3.3. Change of electricity generation model. Source: (High West Energy, 2017) ...... 17
Figure 4.1. ADMS Tasks. Source: (Rhodes, Randy; Sumic, Zarko, 2010) ........................... 26
Figure 4.2. Diagram of a typical ADMS system and interactions. Source: (Cochenour, Ochoa
& Rajsekar, 2014) ................................................................................................................. 29
Figure 4.3. Hierarchal model for DSM in Smart Grid. Source: (Raza Khan, et al., 2015)...... 31
Figure 4.4. Volt-VAR Control Using Electromechanical Controllers ...................................... 32
Figure 4.5. Peak Shaving thanks to Electrical Energy Storage systems. Source: (Schneider
Electric, 2016) ...................................................................................................................... 35
Figure 4.6. Voltage regulator operation without the use of DER. Source: (Electric Power
Research Institute, 2012) ..................................................................................................... 37
Figure 4.7. Voltage regulator operation with the integration of DERMS in ADMS. Source:
(Electric Power Research Institute, 2012) ............................................................................ 38
Figure 4.8. Timeline for service restoration without FLISR. Source: (Electric Power Research
Institute, 2012) ...................................................................................................................... 39
Figure 4.9. Traditional main grid – microgrid power interaction ............................................ 42
Figure 4.10. Distributed generation power flow diagram....................................................... 43
Figure 4.11. Islanded microgrid due to a fault in the power supply line................................. 44
Figure 4.12. Reconfiguration of the microgrids to support the previous faults ...................... 44
Figure 5.1. Utility ADMS Software, Services, Maintenance, and Analytics Revenue by Region,
World Markets: 2015-2024. Source: (Navigant Research, 2015) ......................................... 48
Figure 5.2. Major ADMS vendors worldwide. Source: (Gartner, Inc., 2017) ......................... 50
Figure 5.3. Magic Quadrant for Advanced Distribution Management System. Source: (Gartner,
Inc., 2017) ............................................................................................................................ 51
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Figure 5.4. ADMS technology Lifecycle. Source: (Schneider Electric, 2016) ........................ 54
Analysis of an innovation: the ADMS microgrid management system Page 7
List of Tables
Table 3.1. Percentages that answered Very Important in the survey. Source: (Zpryme; IEEE,
2012) .................................................................................................................................... 24
Table 5.1. Major ADMS vendors and their DER and microgrid integration key functionalities
............................................................................................................................................. 52
Table 6.1. Staff costs for the study ....................................................................................... 57
Table 6.2. Material costs of the study ................................................................................... 58
Table 6.3. Global budget of the study ................................................................................... 58
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