The 2nd International Workshop on Fast Neutron Detectors and Applications (FNDA 2011) Session Neutron Detection

535 Pages·75.947 MB·English

Topics
Fast neutron detectors, Methods and facilities for the production of fast neutrons,
Simulation of detectors and fast neutron facilities,
Signal processing and data analysis techniques, Applications
Jointly organized by: SOREQ NRC, Israel; Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany;
Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel; University of Cape Town, South Africa
www.FNDA2011.de
SESSION 01 - Neutron Detection I
Fast Neutron Detectors for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments by
Robert HAIGHT (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
N-GEM Neutron Diagnostic for High Power Deuterium Beams by Giuseppe
GORINI (Milano-Bicocca University)
Specific Features of OF 3-D Detection Arrays of Plastic Scintillators by
Vitaly MIKEROV (All-Russia Research Institute of Automatics)
Fast Neutron Detection with Pressurized He-4 Scintillation Detectors by
Rico CHANDRA (Arktis Radiation Detectors Ltd)
Fast neutron spectrometry at low temperature with bolometers containing
lithium-6: from single heat detectors to dual scintillating ones by
Pierre DE MARCILLAC (CNRS-IAS)

SESSION 02 - Neutron Detection II
Two Detector Arrays for Fast Neutrons at LANSCE by Robert HAIGHT (Los
Alamos National Laboratory)
A New Recoil Proton Telescope for the characterisation of fast neutron
fields in the range 5 MeV-20 MeV by Julien TAFOREAU (Institut de
radioprotection et de surete nucleaire (IRSN))
Liquid Scintillators and Composites in Fast Neutron Detection by Joanna
IWANOWSKA (Soltan Institute For Nuclear Studies)
Parameters affecting Image Quality of the Time-Resolved Optical
Integrative Neutron (TRION) Detector by Ilan MOR (PTB)

SESSION 05 - Neutron Detection III
Neutron Electrometric Sensors by Vitaly MIKEROV (All-Russia Research
Institute of Automatics)
Threshold Activation Detectors (TAD) for the Detection of Fast Neutrons
in Harsh Environments by Tsahi GOZANI (Rapiscan Systems laboratories)
Towards High Efficiency Thermal and Fast Solid-State Neutron Detectors by
Yaron DANON (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY
12180, U.S.A.) not available

SESSION 12 - Neutron Detection IV
The Development of a High Flux Neutron Detection System by Thifhelimbilu
Daphney SINGO (Physics Department, University of Stellenbosch)
Neutron measurements with Time-Resolved Event-Counting Optical Radiation
(TRECOR) detector by Michal BRANDIS (Soreq NRC, Israel)
Liquefied Noble Gas Detectors for Non Intrusive Inspection Systems for
Nuclear and Other Threats by Tsahi GOZANI (Rapiscan Systems laboratories)
A novel liquid-xenon detector concept for combined Fast-Neutron and Gamma
Imaging and Spectroscopy by Amos BRESKIN (Weizmann Institute of Science)

SESSION 13 - Neutron Detection V
IAEA Activities in Supporting Fast-Neutron Research and Technology by F.
MULHAUSER (IAEA)
Fast Neutron Detector for Fusion Reactor KSTAR by Using Stilbene
Scintillator by Yong-Kyun KIM (Hanyang University)
Fast neutron imaging spectrometer based on liquid scintillator loaded
capillaries by David VARTSKY (Soreq NRC)
Characterization of the IRSN neutron multisphere spectrometer (HERMEIS)
at European standard calibration fields by Adrien CHEMINET (ONERA/IRSN)
Energy-broadened proton beam for production of quasi-stellar neutrons
from the 7Li(p,n) reaction near threshold by Yossi EISEN (Nuclear Physics
and Engineering Division, Soreq NRC, Yavne, Israel 81800)
Characterization of fast neutron spectra produced by several neutron
targets using a single crystal diamond detector by Mario PILLON (ENEA)
Fast-neutron Detectors
for Nuclear Physics Experiments
Robert C. Haight
Los Alamos Neutron Science Center
Los Alamos National Laboratory

International Workshop on Fast Neutron Detectors
and Applications – FNDA 2011

Ein Gedi, Israel
November 6-10, 2011
LA-UR-11-06324
Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for NNSA
Limitations of this talk
• Nuclear physics with neutrons
– Nuclei – not nucleon-nucleon
• Not a thorough review of nuclear physics with fast neutrons! (that
would be a big part of the total of nuclear physics)
• Fast neutrons
– Not resolved resonances
– Not above 1 GeV per nucleon
• Areas where neutron detectors have played and are playing a crucial
role
• US centric (my apologies – also to other US labs not discussed here)

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Nuclear Physics is


A Quantum Mechanical Many-Body Problem


Where the basic nucleon-nucleon interaction is not very
well known (unlike atomic physics where the
electromagnetic interaction is well known)

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Importance of neutrons in nuclear physics
• Basic 
– No electric charge
– easier to interpret – no Coulomb wave functions
– no Coulomb barrier
– Easier to get into the nuclear force
– Easier to get out

– Like a proton (but different!)
– Possibility of charge-exchange (p,n) with little momentum transferred
• Applications  funding
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Basis of nuclear theory: neutron energies can
span 16 orders of magnitude or more
Visible
atom nucleus neutron
light
1 µ 10-7 10-8 10-9 10-10 10-11 10-12 10-13 10-14 10-15 meters
111000 --- 888 111000 --- 444 111000 000 111000 +++444 10+6 111000 +++999 eeeVVV
uuullltttrrraaacccooolllddd cccooolllddd ttthhheeerrrmmmaaalll eeepppiiittthhheeerrrmmmaaalll fffaaasssttt
Resol. Res. URR Continuum
deBroglie wave length λ = h / p Region of this talk
λ = wavelength Different physics
h = Planck’s constant in different regions
p = momentum
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Outline – nuclear physics as developed with the use of
fast neutron detectors

• Nuclear sizes

– Total cross sections
– Activation detectors
• Optical model
– More (and better) total cross sections
– Organic scintillators – plastic
• Neutron scattering
– Spin-orbit interaction
• Nuclear Reactions
– Statistical
– Direct reactions
– Pre-equilibrium
• Nuclear Structure
– Isobaric analog states – liquid scintillators and pulse-shape discrimination
– Nuclides far from stability
• Photonuclear reactions
• Rare Isotope structure and reactions – arrays of neutron detectors
– Beta-delayed neutrons

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Some detectors used in the examples here
• Activation detectors
• Helium
• Scintillators
– Organic
– Crystals
– Plastic
– Liquid including capture gated detectors
– Inorganic
– Glass 6Li through 6Li(n,alpha)3H reaction
– Others
• Converters + detectors

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