Table Of ContentHaishan Xia
Yunan Zhang Editors
The 2nd International
Symposium on Rail
Transit Comprehensive
Development (ISRTCD)
Proceedings
The 2nd International Symposium
on Rail Transit Comprehensive
Development (ISRTCD) Proceedings
ISRTCD 2013
Beijing, China
January 11–12, 2013
Hosted by Urban Planning Society of China
InCooperationwithBeijingJiaotongUniversity,CCDIGroup
https://www.easychair.org/conferences/?conf=isrtcd2013
Haishan Xia (cid:129) Yunan Zhang
Editors
The 2nd International
Symposium
on Rail Transit
Comprehensive
Development (ISRTCD)
Proceedings
Editors
HaishanXia
YunanZhang
SchoolofArchitectureandDesign
BeijingJiaotongUniversity
Beijing,China
SupportedbyNSFC Project51078022.
ISBN978-3-642-37588-0 ISBN978-3-642-37589-7(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-642-37589-7
SpringerHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014931405
©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2014
Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart
of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,
recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionor
informationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar
methodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped.Exemptedfromthislegalreservationarebriefexcerpts
inconnectionwithreviewsorscholarlyanalysisormaterialsuppliedspecificallyforthepurposeofbeing
enteredandexecutedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthework.Duplication
ofthispublicationorpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheCopyrightLawofthe
Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from
Springer.PermissionsforusemaybeobtainedthroughRightsLinkattheCopyrightClearanceCenter.
ViolationsareliabletoprosecutionundertherespectiveCopyrightLaw.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexempt
fromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.
While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of
publication,neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnorthepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityfor
anyerrorsoromissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,with
respecttothematerialcontainedherein.
Printedonacid-freepaper
SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com)
Foreword I
Promoting the Guiding Function of Urban Planning
Over Rail Transit
Underthepositiveguidanceofthenationalmacropolicy,theconstructionofurban
rail transit in our country has achieved rapid development. The average construc-
tionscalehasreachedto190km.Accordingtorelevantdocumentscommissioned
by National development and Reform Commission, the average annual construc-
tion scale will reach to the astonishing number of 500 km by 2020. Actually the
construction scale will probably be faster than this. Regardless of scale or speed,
theconstructionisunprecedentedinthewholeworld,whichwillbeanopportunity
aswellaschallengeforprofessionalswhoworkinChineseurbanplanning,traffic
engineeringorotherrelevantareas.
Meanwhile, new mode of urbanization, after the industrialization, has also
become our country’s new development policy. President Xi recently in Central
Economy Conference stated that: “New mode of urbanization is currently the
historicmissionofChinesemodernizationconstruction.Itisthepotentialtoexpand
domesticdemand,which willnotonly enhance thequalityofurban development,
butalsotobeconsideredasapracticeofscientificoutlook.”Nowadaysthelevelof
urbanizationinourcountryisabout51%,whichhasalongdistancetoreach60%.
Duringthisprocess,thebiggestproblemthatweneedtofaceistransportationmode
ofsupportingthedevelopmentofurbanization.Wehavegainalotexperienceand
lessonsfromthis.Itisprovedthattopurelyreplyonthedevelopmentofprivatecars
androadtrafficishardtobesustained.
Therefore,on10thOctober2013,thereareeightkeytaskstobepromotedonthe
State Council Executive Meeting to develop public transportation. In September
2012, National development and Reform Commission also commissioned many
relevantprojects.Combinedwiththeabovetwopoints,weshouldrealizedthaton
this unprecedented urbanization new development stage, we need to carry out
planning and construction at fast and high quality level, as well as preventing and
solvingrelevantproblemssuchastrafficcongestion,environmentalpollutionandetc.
v
vi ForewordI
Therefore,scientificplanningmethodsshouldbeemployedinordertopromoteand
coordinate the development of environmental-friendly transportation system and
theurbanplanning.Ononehand,weshouldexpandandseekforpotentialdomestic
demand; on the other hand, domestic demand should be adjusted. This is the task
thatthiseraendowedforus.
StateCouncilExecutiveMeetinggivesprioritytothedevelopmentofthepublic
transportation with speed, large passage flow, low pollution and high efficiency.
Therefore,itisnecessarytodeveloprapidconstructionofurbantransit,whichhas
currentlybeenincludedintourbanplanningofmanycities.Hence,howtoconstruct
rail transit to be fast, safe and high efficient? According to relevant experience in
ChineseHongKong,Taiwan,andotheroverseascities,Ithinkitisveryimportant
tointegratenewmodeofurbanizationandurbantransitintheareasofinvestment,
planning, construction, operation and management. The target can be achieved
through promoting urban transit system towards urban development, as we as
improveandutilizetheinvestmentstructure,constructionenvironment,passenger
flowandusingexperienceofurbantransit.
Therefore, to plan and develop urban rail transit should focus more on urban
planning.Basedonthisfoundation,valuableresearchprojectsonrailtransitcanbe
carriedoutaroundtheissuesofurbanizationandrailtransit.Inthisera,theabove
issue naturally becomes the central issue to be discussed by professionals and
expertsfromurbantransitandurbanplanningareas.Mypersonalopinionsonthis
willbediscussedasfollows:
Firstly, urban planning is the foundation of urban transit construction. It is
obviously that superstructure relies on the foundation. During the process of
urbanization,planningisthefoundation,whichisalsothepremiseofthefollowing
construction. Hence, adjustment of planning will certainly affects urban transit
system,which willevenleadstocollapsebetween cityandtransportationsystem.
In China, urban planning and urban transit are made by various people, which
generate conflicts. Therefore, planning should be set out scientifically, as well as
beintegratedwithurbanplanningandcomplextransportationplanningeffectively.
Toconductplanningproperlywillguaranteestheconstructionoftransportation.
Secondly,bearingcapacityofthecityshouldbemeasured.InChina,population
isaseriousissueinmanycities,whichalsohascloserelationshipwithenvironment
andresourceissues.Water,electricity,ortransportationareimportantcomponents
consistedofurbanresources.Therefore,principlesofthebalancebetweenpopula-
tion and environment, harmony between economic society and ecological returns
are promoted. Population scale and distribution will have fatal impact on invest-
ment scale, construction style, passengers’ character and operation safety of rail
transit system. Various versions of urban planning in many cities of China have
big difference with real condition, particularly in areas of prediction, planning,
managing and control of population, which directly or indirectly worse the rail
transitconstruction.Hence,ontheoveralllevelofurbanplanning,howtopredict,
plan and manage city’s population as well as arrange population distribution and
urban space should be considered as the important premise of rail transportation
development.
ForewordI vii
In addition to the above two points, the process of urbanization should be
properly constructed in order to comprehensively promote resources saving. The
land resources in China, particularly in big cities, are limited. Hence, to planning
should consider both ground and underground space. Urban planning needs to be
carriedoutinthreedimensionallevels.Inotherwords,developmentalongtheareas
of rail transit, underground space of the station, and spaces along subway should
alsoneedtobeconsidered.
Overallspeaking,inordertoachievethegoalofintegratingurbanplanningand
rain transit and their interaction, “the complex development of urban transit”, the
titleofthisconference,isanexcellentresearchthought.Itoffersusgreatopportu-
nitiestocarryoutin-depthdiscussionandresearchfromvariousperspectives.Itisa
great honour to be invited to attend “The Second Conference of Urban Transit
DevelopmentTheoryandPractice”.Manyexpertsandhonoredscholarssharetheir
precious experience of complex development on urban planning, transportation,
investment, architectural design and engineering. Therefore, this assembly can
be considered as the summarized essence of many experts’ academic outcome
and experience. I believe that this will make great contribution to the sustainable
developmentoftrailtransitandurbanplanning.Meanwhile,Ialsohopetherewill
bemoreacademicpapersandresearchmaterialsproducedbyexperts,scholarsand
engineers from various fields, to enrich the future decades’ theory and practice in
thisprofessionalfield.
AcademiciantheChineseAcademyofSciences 施仲衡
BeijingJiaotongUniversity Zhongheng,SHI
July,2013
Foreword II
Ourcountryisexperiencinganunprecedentedurbanization.Duringthisprocess,on
one hand, as the fundamental facilities supporting urban development, rail transit
hasgraduallybecomeimportantmeansforsolvingurbantrafficproblemsinmany
cities. On the other hand, with the increasingly improvement of urban rail trans-
portation network, rail transit has exerted great influence on urban development,
whichhasbecomemoreandmorecomplexandindetail.Therefore,theconstruc-
tionandoperationoflarge-scalerailtransitcallsfornewrequirementsinthefields
ofurbanplanning,construction,andinvestments.Thereareseveralcommonissues
needtobeconfrontedinmanycities,suchashowtoseekforpositiveinteractions
between urban rail transit and urban complex development under the big frame-
workofurbandevelopmentandurbantransportation.
It is obvious that China has achieved great developments of rail transit.
Meanwhile, there are immense difficulties and challenges. Therefore, in-depth
research of theory, methods and experiences in preliminary strategy, planning
design, architectural design, development construction, institutional guarantee,
management supporting, within which will be involved in the lands’ complex
using and utilization of surrounding area, could be regarded as highly realistic
issues. Because this relates to topics such as urban land use right, rail transit
investmentandfinancingsystem,railtransitoperatingmode,aswellastheselec-
tion of rail transit route, and land utilization policy. Followed by the first session
of “International Seminar of Transportation and development – Rail Transit
ComplexDevelopment”,whichwasheldbyChinaPlanningAcademyinShanghai
in 2011, “The Second Session of International Seminar of Rail Transit Complex
Development –Complex DevelopmentandPlanningalongtheRailTransit Line”
wasorganizedandheldbytheAcademyon11th–12thJanuary2013.Thepurposes
ofalltheseseminarsweretodiscusstheaboveissues.
During the process of organizing the seminar, we carried out a special investi-
gation on the cities with constructed rail transit and on-going constructing rail
transit. From the investigation, we discovered a series of new problems under the
ix
