Table Of ContentTehran: Past & Present is the first
-i'FiE:FFi'l. volume, in English along with an
abstract in Farsi. of a series of books
introducing various aspects of life,
art and the architecture of the
capital city of Iran .
Despite the fact that there is
evidence of dwellings dating back
to 3000 years ago in this location
and the huge population it holds
today which makes it top the list
of the world's metropolises, Tehran
is a fairly young city compared to
other cities in Iran .
If Isfihan is hailed as the majestic
capital city of Iran during the
Safavid period, Tehran, with all
its intricacies and delicacies in
architecture, culture and art. was
the capital city of the Oajar Dynasty
and enjoys significant importance
in the transition from the past to ilJ
the present. It
An outstanding feature of this book
is making use of pictures along
w ith captions and accompanying
articles portraying the historical
and cultural ups and downs of
the past two hundred years of this
city along with an introduction of
the trad itions. rites. religious
ceremonies. market places and
bazaars. houses. temples. palaces.
architectural ornamentations. and
the nature and landscape
encircling the cityscape. all of
which mysteriously are proof of
an underlying life full of passion
and variety of forms in all these
phenomena.
The integrated harmony that can
be seen beyond the facades of the
architectures and sights are
evidence of the solidarity of the
elements comprising the culture
of Iran and the spirituality of its
people.
We sincerely hope that this book
is a first step towards introducing
the capital of this ancient land.
H.R.Norouzi Talab
In The Name of God
1. Tile on the entrance to an old
house in the vicinity of ' Gozarre
Loot iye Saaleh' in Molavi
neighborhood. 2002 .
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One of a pair of matching metal
lions on the portico of 'Baharestan'
mansion from Pahlavi I period, today
posted at the entrance to the' Old
Majlis' building. 2002 .
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TEHRAN: Past & Present
A Glance at the features of Life, Art and Architecture
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Compiler and Executive Manager:
Hamid Reza Norouzi Talab
YASSAVOLI
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TEHRAN: Past & Present
A Glance at the features of Life, Art and Architecture
~ (SjJJY L..:. J~ :<.>-'I.?-I->=,;.. "....il:'" Compiler and Executive Manager: Hamid Reza Norouzi Talab
I".li.o ~I~ ($.>f. ($J~ \.,> With the assistance of Kobra Abdollahi Moghaddam
':"'~ u~ :~I~ ~I)o Art Director & Graphic designer: Bijan Jenab
(SJ;£' wlJ :.~I '-:> <.S"""Ju.)I .:;;.......,...,:; English Tra~slation of Texts: Dana Gharavi
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(SJ~I.:.IJt.... FlS :<.S"""Ju J G.....I->=" Persian editor: Kazem Sadate Eshkevari
(SJ~ .:.il~ :,)~ l.'; 0 1,.>tb.)l:WU; ~y...:.";.,, ~I)o Farsi & English Calligraphy of the title: Sedaghat Jabbari
'''JJ~~I .'':'~~lu~lAA>·''JWjl(SJ~~ .~~ :~J($L...~ Color Photographs by: Ali Matin, Sa'id M. Aznavh, H. Amir yeganeh, Afshin Bakhtiar, ".
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~"s ~I;i :.s.;j ~ Color Seprations: Farayand Goya
U:';il~ : u-'I~,AJ Lithography: Naghsh Afarin
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<G.......:. f' . ... 'iA r :J"I ",,4- ©2008 by Yassavoli Publications , Tehran.
WA-Vf-f·r-fV-Y :.s..,.L!. ISBN: 978. . 964. . 306 .. 396-2
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Tehran: past & present. glance at features of life, art and
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Acknowledgment
We would like to express our gratitude to all those who have knowingly or otherwise,
helped us compile and complete this book especially:
The Iranology Foundation, International Center for Dialog among Civilizations, Muhammad
Kassie-Zadeh, Mohessen tehrani-Zadeh PhD, Prof. Abdollah Anvar, Eskandar Mokhtar
Ph.D ( National Heritage Organization, Tehran), Chahryar ADLE, Iran's National Heritage
Organization Archives, Ministry of Islamic Culture and Guidance, Tehran's Police Department.
The Armed Forces Organization, Public Relations Office of the Police Department, The
respecable managers of 'Golestan', 'Sad Abad', and "Niavaran' Palaces, Tehran's Society
of Zoroastrians, The Armenian Prelacy of Tehran, Tehran's Jewish Society, Tehran's Evangelical
Churches, The Faculty of Arts ofTehran University, Tehran University's Security Committee,
IJbrary of Iran's national Museum, The Public Relations Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
The Public Relations Office of Melli Bank, The Public Relations Office of 'Hazrate Abdol Azim',
Tehran Owqaf Organization, Tehran's Municipality Art & Culture Organization, The Society
for the Appreciation of Cultural Works and Dignitaries, Public Relations Office of the Post
Company, Managers of Museums under Mostazafan Foundation, Public Relations Office and
Cultural Affairs section of the Islamic Parliament, The Academy of Art, British Embassy, Italian
Embassy, Public Relations Office of Metro Company, Public Relations Office of the Expeditors
Council of the Islamic Republic, Public Relations Office of'Shahid Motahari' school, Public
Relations Office of Iran's telecommunications Ministry, 'Baghe Negarestan' .
Thanks are also due to Reza, Mahmoud and Javad Yassavoli for their providing the
essential resources, technical supervision and fantastic management, which made it
possible to publish the first volume of Tehran series.
I would like to especially thank my colleagues in the technical and executive affairs:
Majid Zahedi ,Maryam Khanmoha.mmadi ,Leila Mansouri, Sonia Rezapour, Mahdi Khosrow
- abadi and Ma'soumeh Oavidel
and many more who might have skipped our memory.
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Contents
<...u. 10 Preface
,:,I.>el ~l:;..,L ~jY"' 16 The Ancient Land of Iran (Persia)
,:,I.>el ~l.t ,,:,1.* 22 Tehran - the Capital City of Iran
,:,1.*JJ~"'j 30 Administrative, Financial and Cultural Capital
~JG <su, 0J"J JJ ,:,1.* 46 Tehran in the Course of History
~~I:I.),J,j 50 Tehran in the Safavid Period
"=~j.J~.)~I:")J..I 54 Tehran in the Afghan Invasion and the Afshar and Zand Periods
~.)~ljb')JJ 58 Tehran - Capital of the Early Oajar Kings
<s~oJ"J 68 Tehran in the reign of Reza Shah - the First King of the Pahlavi Dynasty
j".>"I,:,I.* 76 Tehran after the Islamic Revolution
,:,1.*<su,,:,I~ 86 The Squares and Plazas of Tehran
,:,1.* '-'"""="" <su,,:,I~ 88 Historic Squares and Plazas
JLiu-=-,:,I~ 90 Hassan Abad Square
ot...;,i:.~,:,I~ 92 Bagh-e Shah Race Course
.s),:,I~ 94 Arg Square
<G~.. Y-u-I .,_.. . 96 Tupkhaneh (Artillery) Square
Wl~b~ 100 Sabzeh Meydan
tl-"'I,:,I~ 102 E'dam (Execution) Square
..J.:~,:,I~ 104 Tajrish Square
<SJI),:,I~ 106 Azadi Square
uI.>+')j~ 110 The Bazaar o f Tehran
,:,1.* ~ ~JG <su,~ 124 Tehrans Palaces and Pavilions
,:,~tlS: 124 The Golestan Palace Complex
J~i~tlS: 140 Sa'd Abad Palace Complex
(,:,IJ"~) ,,=,I~L., tIS: 146 The Niavaran and Sahebqaranieh Palace Complex
.>".>"tlS: 154 The Marmar Palace
(~tlS:)J~u:.h].....tlS: 156 Saltanat Abad Palace
,:,l:;..,J~ t="" i:. L <G~"p 158 The Howzkhaneh of the Negarestan Gardens
J~ u~";;:'~ o~ u)_,,<. 160 Eshrat Abad Palace
U""J~ i:. ~ uJL..<. 162 Bagh e Ferdows
";'i:. ~ J JY"' 166 The Bagh-e Melli Garden and Portico
'-'"""="" <su, <GL;. 170 The Old Mansions of Tehran
~tL.1 <GL;. 172 The Emam e Jom'eh House
<.I"JJI tl"'; <GL;. 174 The Oavam od-Dowleh House
<.I"JJI~ <GL;. 176 The Moshir od-Dowleh House
J-'" J,.,.....J~ <GL;. 178 The Professor Adl House
..;. JGi ~I uJL..<. 180 The Building of the Cultural Treasures and Personages Society
(-s...;.,.,s) 'j1",L. ,:,L.::.O..L. 182 The Mandala (Kushk) Building
SJL....JI ..... y....uJL..<. 184 The Mostowfi ol-Mamalek House
<GhW1 t I"'; <GL;. 186 The Oavam os-Saltaneh House
<Gl.L..J1 tk 1~ L;. 188 The A'iam-os-Saitaneh House
.L!.'jl ~y, ~L;. 190 The Mo'tamen-ol-Atebba House
~I.u JJL., ~L;. 192 The Sadegh Hedayat 's House
,:,1.* '-'"""="" <su, <GL;. jI <f-u,<G~ 194 Some Other Masions in Tehran
.>e"L...:;~1. 200 Source of Illustrations
(o..,}: ) ~l. 20 1 Bibliography
,:,L..~ 202 Photographers & Source of Photographs
4. Tehran 1858
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5. Tehran 1890
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8
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