Table Of ContentDevelopments in Input-Output Analysis
Anne Owen
Techniques for Evaluating
the Differences in
Multiregional Input-
Output Databases
A Comparative Evaluation of CO
2
Consumption-Based Accounts
Calculated Using Eora, GTAP and WIOD
Developments in Input-Output Analysis
Series editors
Erik Dietzenbacher, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Thomas Wiedmann, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Rooted in a long tradition, input-output analysis has evolved into a powerful
methodandtoolforaddressingthebigquestionsofthe21stcentury.Globalisation
has led to a tightly woven web of industrial and commercial connections, linking
producersandconsumersineverycornerofworld.Thishasresultedinaccelerated
global economic growth but also in environmental burden shifting between
countries. To address the question how human wellbeing can be increased for a
growingworldpopulationwithoutcompromisingvitallifesupportsystemsrequires
a detailed understanding of the interactions between economy, society and natural
environment.Withnewdevelopmentsinglobalmodelsanddatabases,input-output
analysisissuitedmorethanevertounraveltheselinkages,revealdependenciesand
inform corporate and political decision-making. The book series puts up the
milestonesofresearch,developmentandapplicationsininput-outputanalysisalong
the way deeper into the century.
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/13474
Anne Owen
Techniques for Evaluating
the Differences
in Multiregional Input-Output
Databases
A Comparative Evaluation of CO
2
Consumption-Based Accounts Calculated
Using Eora, GTAP and WIOD
123
Anne Owen
University of Leeds
Leeds
UK
ISSN 2511-2139 ISSN 2511-2147 (electronic)
Developments inInput-Output Analysis
ISBN978-3-319-51555-7 ISBN978-3-319-51556-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-51556-4
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016960725
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is available at 10.1007/978-3-319-51556-4_9
For Mum and Dad
Acknowledgment
ThisbookisbasedontheresearchIsubmittedformyPhDwhichIstartedin2011
and completed in 2015. I have to start this acknowledgement section by thanking
my supervisor, John Barrett, who first suggested that a PhD might be a good idea,
when I was actually quite content with being an eternal research assistant!
FollowinguponJohn’ssuggestionhastobeoneofthebestdecisionsIhavemade
and I can honestly say that I thoroughly enjoyed writing my thesis and greatly
appreciate the opportunities it brought—including writing this book. Without
John’s encouragement, I would not have attempted this work. I worked on the
thesis and this subsequent book alongside my research job at the University of
Leeds and parts of the work contained here have been funded by the Research
Councils UK Energy Programme, to whom I extend my thanks. I must also thank
Johnforgenerouslyallowingforflexibilitywithmyjobtoallowmetospendtime
onmyownresearchandalsoforfundingmyPhDtuitionfees.AndyEvanswasmy
MScdissertationsupervisorandIwasverygratefulthatheagreed,adecadelater,to
also supervise my PhD! It was during my MSc that I first experienced the joy of
writingcodethatdidnotcrash.Inowrealisehowcrucialthisexperiencewastobe.
IamverythankfulforAndy’shelpinclarifyingmyideas,lendingmebooksandhis
overall encouragement.
I would also like to thank my PhD examiners Peter Taylor, Arnold Tukker and
Dabo Guan for the thoughtful comments made on my thesis and the following
discussionsinmyPhDviva.Thanksalsotothetwoanonymousrefereeswhomade
comments on an earlier draft of the book text. Katy Roelich, Kate Scott, Simone
Cooper and Richard Wood provided insightful comments and encouragement on
drafts of my results chapters and Jannik Giesekam introduced me to Adobe
Illustrator. Thank you all!
The analysis contained in this book could not have happened without access to
the MRIO databases and accompanying metadata documents. At times it was
necessary for me to personally contact the database developers and I would espe-
cially like to thank Bart Los, Stefan Giljum, Glen Peters, Manfred Lenzen, Arne
Geschke, Daniel Moran, Kirsten Wiebe, Richard Wood, Maaike Bouwmeester,
ix
x Acknowledgment
ArkaitzUsubiagaandArnoldTukkerforourenlighteningconversations.Particular
thanks must be extended to the ISA group for allowing me access to their high
performance computers used to run the Eora model. This system is funded by the
Australian Research Council.
IalsowanttothankErikDietzenbacherandTommyWiedmannforinvitingme
tocontributetothisbookseries. Furtherthanks toTommyfor guidingmethrough
my‘adventuresininput-outputanalysis’fromintroducingmetothe‘bignames’at
myfirstconferencetosuggestingIspendtime inAustraliawithManfred Lenzen’s
teamatISAinSydney.ThesixmonthsIspentinSydneywerethemostproductive
ofmytimespentonthisstudyandIthankManfred,Arne,DanandKirsten(again),
along with Christian Reynolds, Kjartan Steen-Olsen and Joy Murray for all your
support and making me feel most welcome. I hope the ‘toaster incident’ has been
long forgiven.
Withoutthesupportoffriendsandfamily,mytimeworkingonthiswouldhave
certainly been a less enjoyable experience. Sorry for boring you with talk of
matrices and I appreciate you humouring me when I invented the world’s first
MRIO joke1. Thank you Simon for sticking around – life’s more fun with two.
Thanks also to Helen and Andy, Roy, Helen, David and Katie, Muriel, Hils, Deb,
SueBandSueC, thequiz teamandthecarsharecrew.ThankyouMum andDad
formany,manyyearsofsupportandstrengtheningmybeliefthatgirlscandogreat
things.
Finally apologies to IT support at the School of Earth and Environment for the
havoc I caused with my slow running code. It’s been a learning experience.
1HowdidtheMRIOresearchergetabetternight’ssleep?Sheinvertedhermattress.
Endorsement
Anne Owen did a splendid job in comparing the most important Global
MultiregionalInput Output databases(GMRIO)available. Sheprobablyisthefirst
to develop a good understanding what factors in GMRIO construction really con-
tributetouncertaintiesincarbonfootprintanalysis.Agreatachievement,packedin
easy to understand language!
Prof. Arnold Tukker
Scientific director CML Leiden, NL
WithitsthoroughinvestigationsandclearexplanationsofthedifferencesinMRIO
databases and outcomes, this book is compulsory reading for both skilled practi-
tioners and scholars when starting any input-output analysis in a multiregional
context.
Dr. Harry C. Wilting
Senior researcher, environment and economics
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, NL
A novel exposition on understanding some of the biggest datasets underpinning
current global sustainability assessments. Dr. Owen straddles technical incision
withpractitionerrelevantinsightsandincludesarangeofmethodologicaladvances
that will ensure the continued relevance of this work for many years to come.
Prof. Richard Wood
Industrial Ecology Program
NTNU, Norway
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