Teach Yourself English Grammar as a Foreign / Second Language

160 Pages·2016·43.59 MB·English

by  Shepheard John.

T E A C H Y O ij. R
G R A M M A R
i
S A FOREIGN/SECOND LANGUAGE
articles
•
octal verbs
>repositions
With thanks to Jane and Luke CONTENTS
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Introduction
For U.S.A. & Canada order queries: please contact NTC/Contemporary Publishing, xi
4255 West Touhy Avenue, Lincolnwood, Illinois 60646 - 1975, U.S.A. Tenses
Telephone: [phone], Fax: [phone].
Present Simple
Long renowned as the authoritative source for self-guided learning - with more than
30 million copies sold worldwide - the Teach Yourself series includes over 200 titles in am/is/are - be (positive) • I'm from the USA
the fields of languages, crafts, hobbies, sports, and other leisure activities, • It's famous • They're Australian 1
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Present Simple
A catalogue entry for this title is available from The British Library.
am/is/are - be (questions and negative) • Am I in
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: on file the photo? • Is she your mother? • They aren't my
brothers 5
First published in UK 2001 by Hodder Headline Pic, 338 Euston Road, London, NW1 3BH.
Present Simple
First published in US 2001 by Contemporary Books, A Division of The McGraw-Hill
Companies, 1 Prudential Plaza, 130 East Randolph Street, Chicaco, Illinois 60601 U.S.A. there is/there are (positive and negative) • There
is(n't) a problem • There are(n't) 44 letters 11
The 'Teach Yourself name and logo are registered trade marks of Hodder & Stoughton Ltd.
Present Simple
Copyright © 2001 John Shepheard
Is there?/Are there? (questions) • Is there an opera
In UK: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in house? • Are there elephants in India? 14
any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or
any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Present Simple
publisher or under licence from the Copyright Licensing Agency Limited. Further details
full verbs (positive and negative) • I work
of such licences (for reprographic reproduction) may be obtained from the Copyright
Licensing Agency Limited, of 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 9HE. ~ I don't work • She works • She doesn't work _ 17
Present Simple
In US: All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, full verbs - third person singular (positive) • He
or otherwise, without prior permission of NTC/Contemporary Publishing Company.
works • She works
21
Typeset by Transet Limited, Coventry, England.
Present Simple
Printed in Great Britain for Hodder & Stoughton Educational, a division of Hodder
Headline Pic, 338 Euston Road, London NW1 3BH by Cox & Wyman Ltd, Reading, full verbs (questions) • Do you drink? • Does she
Berkshire. smoke ?_
27
Impression number 10 9 8 7 6 5 43
Year 2005 2004 2003 2002
VI ENGLISH GRAMMAR
8 Present Simple
19 Going to
with adverbs of frequency • I always eat salad. 32 for future plans {positive, negative and questions)
9 Present Simple • She's going to buy a car • What are you
with when • When I get old, will you love me? 36 going to do? • I'm not going to work 78
10 Imperative 20 [Have got/Have]
for directions, instructions and advice (positive and for possession and availability (positive, negative and
negative) • Turn left • Don't turn right 39 questions) • She['s got/has] a new car • New York
has got a lot of [theatres/theaters], 83
11 Present Progressive \iS
for future arrangements (positive, negative and 21 First Conditional
questions) • We're meeting here at eight 44 • If it rains, I'll stay at home 88
12 Present Progressive 22 Present Perfect Simple
for now (positive and negative) • He's working with for/since (positive, negative and questions)
• I'm not working 48 • I've lived in Bangkok for three months • I've
worked here since January 93
13 Present Simple and Present Progressive
• I live in Egypt • I'm visiting Australia 53 23 Present Perfect Simple
for the indefinite past (positive, negative and
14 Past Simple
questions) • I've been to Turkey 100
be {positive, negative and questions) • I was at
work • They were at school • Were you by 24 Present Perfect Simple and Past Simple
the bank? _ 57 • I've been to India • I went to India last year 106
15 Past Simple 25 Present Perfect Progressive
there was/there were (positive, negative and with /or/since (positive, negative and questions)
questions) • There was a large population • There were • I've been working all day 111
millions • Were there any mobile phones? 61
26 Past Simple and used to
16 Past Simple • I used to smoke • I smoked one cigarette last
regular verbs (positive) • I worked 65 year 116
17 Past Simple 27 Past Progressive and Past Simple
regular and irregular verbs (positive) • He wrote • I was working • I worked 120
She offered _ 69
Modal verbs
18 Past Simple
28 Will
(questions and negative) • Did he work? • He
for predictions, decisions made now and offers
didn't sing 73 • It will rain • I'll answer the phone • I'll help you 124
P
IX
ENGLISH GRAMMAR
29 I'd Uke.../Would you like...?
40 | Wh- questions
for requests, offers and invitations • Would you like for subject and object • Who saw you? • What
coffee? • I'd like an orange juice 128 175
did you see?
30 Can...?/Could...?/[Is it all right if...?/May...?]
41 | Echo questions
for requests and permission • Can I borrow your i Have you? • Are you? • Don't you? 181
dictionary? • Could you help me? • Is it all right
if go now? 42 Embedded questions
133
• Can you tell me where the station is? • Do you
31 Can/can 't/could/couldn 't know what the time is? 185
for ability • I can swim • He can't drive • I could
Gerund and infinitive
read when I was six
137
32 Might 43 Verbs + gerund, verbs + infinitive
It stopped raining • I want to leave now 189
for possibility • It might rain 142
33 Shall Articles and nouns
for suggestions and offers • Shall we leave now?
44 | Articles
• Shall I carry your bag? 146 a/an/the ~ indefinite, definite and no article • a thief
34 Must/mustn't an egg • the thief • in England 194
for obligation and prohibition • I must go • You
45 Singular and plural nouns
mustn't sit there _ 150 car/cars • child/children 200
35 Have to/had to Pronouns and quantifiers
for necessary actions • I have to leave • I had to
46 Subject and object pronouns
leave 153
205
It's for me • I like him
36 Should/'d better
47 Countable and uncountable nouns
for advice • You should see a doctor • You'd better
some/anj/mucVmany/a lot of - nouns and
lie down. 158
quantifiers • I've got some food • I haven't got
Questions any pasta • There's a lot of food • Have we got
37 Yes/no questions with be much food? • There aren't many oranges 208
• Is it hard work? • Are the hours long? 163 Adjectives and adverbs
38 Yes/no questions with do
48 Comparison of adjectives
• Do you wear a uniform? • Does the job have regular and irregular • James is older than his
214
training? 167
brother • His house is better
39 Wh- questions
49 1 Possessive adjectives
Where do you work? • What is your name? 171 This is my husband • This is our daughter 219
ENGLISH GRAMMAR
50 Adverbs and adjectives INTRODUCTION
• You can eat your burger quickly • The service
is quick 223
Prepositions
51 Prepositions of place
• It's on the table The shoes are in front of the
chair 227
52 Prepositions of time Instruction words
• at 5:30 A.M. • on Friday • in the morning. 231
In English
In your language
Verbs
53 Phrasal verbs - without objects
• I woke up at 5 • I got up at 6 236
54 Phrasal verbs - with objects
• He turned on the light • He turned it on 240
Irregular verbs 245
Meaning
Irregular verbs in groups 249
Form
Grammar summaries 253 Match
Key to the exercises 283 Practice
Write
Index 295
Check the answers
For example
Meaning
= 4
ENGLISH GRAMMAR INTRODUCTION
Form
Grammar Words
1 =one
2 = two
3 = three
4 = four
Match the numbers to the words.
Check the answers
(They are at the back of the book.)
a 1 -\ -x- four
b 2 ^^"""^.5^----three / slowly \y
c 3 '^X5^\^^ one
d 4 ^ ^^- two
Practice
VMte the numbers.
one
Check the answers
modal
1 one verb
2 two
3 three
4 four
come V the \/difficult
ENGLISH GRAMMAR
In English In your language Present Simple
am/is/are - be (positive)
• I'm from the USA
• It's famous
• They're Australian
pronoun
Meaning
verb
1 Match the sentences to the pictures.
noun
a f~~ ~~} You're in room 3, the elementary
adverb
class.
modal verb
article
adjective
I'm from the U.S.A. My name's
Doug.
British English/American English
For example: I live in a [flat/apartment] in Hong Kong.
We're 33 years old.
Flat is British English.
Apartment is American English.
For example: [Can/May] I help you?
It's famous and it's in New York.
Can I help you? is British English.
May f help you? is American English.
They're Australian.
She's Australian.
He's hungry.
Check the answers
UNIT 1 PRESENT SIMPLE - BE
Form c The body am/are/is 90% water.
d The elephant am/is/are the only animal with four knees.
2 Complete the table with the verbs in the box below. e Number 13 is/am/are unlucky in many cultures.
f It is/are/am lucky in Italy.
's 'm 're
g 'I 's/'re/'m a Berliner.' (US President, John F Kennedy in Berlin in
- -
1960)
1 a 'm
h 'You am/is/are the sunshine of my life.' (Stevie Wonder)
He i 'We 're/'m/'s more popular than Jesus now.' (John Lennon about the
She b in New York. Beatles in 1965)
It j 'She are/am/is in fashion.' (Suede from 'Head Music')
k 'He 's/'m/'re a real nowhere man...' (Beatles song 'Nowhere Man')
We
1 'The future 'm/'s/'re black.' (James Baldwin).
You c
They Check the answers
Check the answers i Common mistakes
3 'm, 's, 're are short forms or contractions. Use contractions in 5 Find the mistakes and correct them.
speaking and informal writing. Match the long forms in the box,
a He're English. He's English.
with the contractions.
b Her name Emma.
are am is c They from New York.
d My car it's very new.
a I'm -> I
e You is a teacher.
b She's -» She
f I Japanese.
c He's -» He
g She a very good teacher.
d It's -» It
h We from Tokyo.
e We're -> We Check the answers
f You're -» You
g They're -» They
Check the answers
Practice
4 Circle CUD the correct verb.
a 80% of animals is/am(|rg>insects.
b Tomatoes am/is/are fruits.
UNIT 1
Present Simple
Write about you and your family and friends. am/is/are - be (questions
and negative)
1
• Am I in the photo?
My brother a student
My sister married • Is she your mother?
My mother am/'m 1 2 years old • They aren't my brothers
My father is/'s from Poland
My parents are/' re young
My friends old Meaning
My best friend beautiful...
Emma's Photographs
Emma with her photographs
and a friend, Samantha.
1 Match the photographs to the dialogues,
a b
UNIT 2 PRESENT SIMPLE-BE
1 Samantha Emma, are you in front of the elephant? Negative
Emma No, I'm not in front of the elephant. Look - I'm on the
3 Complete the table with the words in the box.
horse.
ii Samantha Am I in the photo with the bus? isn't not aren't m
Emma No, you're not! That's me.
iii Samantha Look at the two boys with the dog. Are they your
1 a b
brothers?
Emma No - they aren't my brothers. They're the [neighbours/
He
neighbors].
She c
iv Samantha Is she your mother?
It
Emma No, she isn't my mother - she's my aunt" in the photograph.
Emma
Samantha And the man with her - is he your uncle?
Emma No, he isn't my uncle - he's my father!
We
v Samantha Is it in Paris?
You d
Emma No, it isn't Paris. It's in London - it's the Crystal
They
Palace BBC TV Tower.
vi Samantha Are we in that photograph? There on the right.
Emma Yes, but we aren't on the right. Look, we're at the back.
Negative short form
Check the answers
4 Complete the sentence.
Form
isn't is short for
Questions Check the answers
2 Complete the table with the words in the box.
»Common mistakes
he am are
5 Correct the mistakes in the questions and negative sentences.
a I amn't from Iceland. I'm not from Iceland.
b You are German?
b he
c They not happy.
she
in the photograph? d She not is short.
c
e He your boyfriend?
Emma
f I aren't in the photograph.
g We no are happy.
we
h You no French.
you
they Check the answers