Taxonomic Revision of the Casearia ulmifolia Complex (Salicaceae)

2012·10.2 MB·English

by  Ronaldo Marquete

Taxonomic Complex
Revision of the Casearia ulmifolia (Salicaceae)
Ronaldo Marquete
15°
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatfstica, Av. Republica do Chile 500, andar,
CEP
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20031-170, Brazil, and Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de
em Rua
Pos Graduagao Botanica, Pacheco Leao, 2040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22460-030, Brazil.
[email protected]; [email protected]
Mansano
Vidal de F.
Rua
Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Pacheco Leao 915, Rio de Janeiro,
i
22460-030, [email protected]
RJ, Brazil,
Abstract. Field studies and examination of herbar- apical glands, transverse anther dehiscence with
ium specimens have led to a taxonomic revision of the dehiscent zones oriented downward, and stigmas that
Casearia ulmifolia Vahl ex Vent, complex (Salica- are tomentose. Despite these distinctions, Sleumer
A
new
ceae). species circumscription is presented for (1980) considered these taxa conspecific.
C. ulmifolia, C. cotticensis Uittien is reestablished, The complex Casearia studied here
ulmifolia
is
&
and one new murceana Marquete
species, R.
C. characterized by stipule shape (subulate or linear-
its
Mansano, is described from Para, Brazil. Morpholog- and indument
lanceolate) (villous or tomentose), leaf
ical descriptions, a taxonomic key, geographical
blade with acuminate cuspidate apex, oblong or
to
distributions, diagnostic characteristics of the spe-
deltoid anthers, barbate, glabrous or tomentose apical
and
cies, illustrations are provided.
and
gland, elongated, ovate ovary, slightly sulcate or
Key
words: Brazil, Casearia, Flacourtiaceae,
fimbriate seed
testa.
IUCN Red
Para, Salicaceae, South America.
List,
Species of the Casearia ulmifolia complex occur in
Amazon
the region bordered by the of Mato
states
now
Casearia Jacq. (Salicaceae, which includes
Grosso the south and the of Roraima and
to states
the non-cyanogenic Flacourtiaceae, Chase
et
al., Amapa
to the north. This distribution reaches the
2002; Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, 2009) a
is
Atlantic coast of southeastern Brazil, since the
pantropical genus that includes ca. 180 species
complex extends from Maranhao and Piauf southward
many
occurring in different vegetation types ranging
and Minas These
to Bahia, Espirito Santo, Gerais.
from dense ombrophilous seasonal semi-
forests,
species also occur in other South American countries
deciduous forests, savannas, and coastal vegetation.
such as Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Surinam, Trinidad,
Sleumer (1980) cited 80 species of Casearia in the
and Venezuela. These plants were noted grow
to at
Neotropics and subdivided genus
this into six
altitudes from 50 to 950 m. The species of this
complex occur dense ombrophilous and
in forests
its
sidered as six informal groups. Casearia ulmifolia
according Veloso
variations, to et al. (1991).
Vahl ex Vent, belongs the Arboreae group of the
to
Despite the fact that Casearia cotticensis and C.
Casearia sect. Casearia, which comprises 10 species.
ulmifolia are distributed in close localities, they are
While
reviewing Casearia species in Brazil for
morphologically They by
distinct. differ leaf texture,
we
taxonomic study (Marquete, unpublished), noted
and
trichomes, venation, especially anther dehis-
Sleumer broadly circumscribed
that (1980) C.
&
cence. Casearia murceana R. Marquete Mansano,
synonymizing 10 names
ulmifolia, in recognition of
found in Para State in eastern Amazonia, more
is
this species. This resulted in a taxon with broad
by
similar to C. ulmifolia, differing the inflorescence
morphological Casearia
variation. ulmifolia, for
structure, absence of glands, and flower indument.
instance, has flowers with oblong anthers, an
who
Sleumer (1954, 1980), studied the Malaysian
and
barbate glabrous, longitudinal anther dehiscence (eight species) Neotropical species of Flacourtia-
to
and work
with lateral dehiscent zones, and stigmas with ceae, respectively, Breteler (2008), in his
for Casearia from Africa, mentioned that the flowers
genus do
of C. cotticensis Uittien present deltoid anthers, a of the not offer characters to distinguish the
We
developed connective with glabrous or subglabrous species. verified that floral characters in the
Novon 22: 196-206. Published on 30 November 2012. 10.3417/2011011
doi:

Novon
198

200 Novon

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