Table Of ContentTAILOR-MADE
POLYSACCHARIDES IN DRUG
DELIVERY
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TAILOR-MADE
POLYSACCHARIDES
IN DRUG DELIVERY
Edited by
Amit Kumar Nayak
Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, Seemanta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Jharpokharia, Mayurbhanj, Odisha, India
Md Saquib Hasnain
Professor, Department of Pharmacy, Palamau Institute of Pharmacy,
Daltonganj, Jharkhand, India
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Contents
Contributors xi
About the editors xiii
Preface xv
1. Synthesis of tailor-made polysaccharides: An overview
Muhanna K. Al-Muhanna, Naushad Anwar, Md Saquib Hasnain,
and Amit Kumar Nayak
1 Introduction 1
2 Syntheses of tailor-made polysaccharides 2
3 Conclusion 18
References 20
2. Drug delivery dosage forms made of tailor-made natural
polysaccharides
Md Saquib Hasnain, Muhanna K. Al-Muhanna, Naushad Anwar,
Mohd Usman Mohd Siddique, Mohd Neyaz Ahsan, Syed Anees Ahmed,
Mohammed Tahir Ansari, and Amit Kumar Nayak
1 Introduction 29
2 Tablets made of tailor-made natural polysaccharides 30
3 Nanoparticles made of tailor-made natural polysaccharides 34
4 Microparticles made of tailor-made natural polysaccharides 37
5 Beads made of tailor-made natural polysaccharides 40
6 Hydrogels made of tailor-made natural polysaccharides 44
7 Miscellaneous 46
8 Conclusion 48
References 50
Further reading 61
3. Carboxymethylated polysaccharides in drug delivery
Payam Zarrintaj, Mohammad Reza Ganjali, Azam Salmankhani, Amin Hamed
Mashhadzadeh, Muhammad Tajammal Munir, Foad Salehnia, Morteza Rezapour,
Sajjad Habibzadeh, and Mohammad Reza Saeb
1 Introduction 63
2 Carboxymethylation process 68
v
vi Contents
3 Carboxymethyl polysaccharides in drug delivery 70
4 Conclusion 74
References 75
4. Thiolated polysaccharides in drug delivery
Pranab Kumar Bandyopadhyay, Md Saquib Hasnain, and Amit Kumar Nayak
1 Introduction 83
2 Various thiolated polysaccharides used in drug delivery formulations 85
3 Conclusion 102
References 102
5. Cross-linked polysaccharides in drug delivery
Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi, Ali Khodadadi, Payam Zarrintaj,
Mohammad Reza Ganjali, Foad Salehnia, Morteza Rezapour, Sajjad Habibzadeh,
and Mohammad Reza Saeb
1 Introduction 107
2 Cross-linking of and the cross-linked polysaccharides 110
3 Cross-linked polysaccharides applied in DDSs 114
4 Smart cross-linking strategies 118
5 Conclusion 120
References 121
6. Graft copolymers of polysaccharides: Synthesis techniques
and pharmaceutical applications
Sudipta Das, Rimi Dey, Md Saquib Hasnain, and Amit Kumar Nayak
1 Introduction 129
2 Polysaccharides 130
3 Graft copolymers and different techniques of polymer grafting 131
4 Properties of graft copolymers 136
5 Pharmaceutical applications of polysaccharide graft copolymers 137
6 Conclusion 152
References 152
7. Grafted polysaccharides in drug delivery
Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi, Payam Zarrintaj, Mohammad Reza Ganjali,
Foad Salehnia, Morteza Rezapour, Farzad Seidi, and Mohammad Reza Saeb
1 Introduction 157
2 Polysaccharide-based graft copolymers 160
3 Grafted polysaccharides in DDSs 160
4 Conclusion 168
References 170
Contents vii
8. Polysaccharide-based polyelectrolyte complex systems
in drug delivery
Gouranga Nandi, Md Saquib Hasnain, and Amit Kumar Nayak
1 Introduction 177
2 What is a polyelectrolyte complex? 178
3 Advantages of PECs 178
4 Factors affecting the formation and stability of PECs 179
5 Polysaccharides used to fabricate polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) 180
6 Various dosage forms fabricated by polyelectrolyte complexation 189
7 Conclusion 202
References 202
9. Polysaccharide-based interpenetrating polymeric network
systems in drug delivery
Sudipta Das, Arnab Samanta, Md Saquib Hasnain,
and Amit Kumar Nayak
1 Introduction 211
2 IPNs: Definition, properties, and classifications 212
3 Chitosan-based IPN systems in drug delivery 215
4 Alginate-based IPN systems in drug delivery 218
5 Pectin-based IPN systems in drug delivery 223
6 Gellan gum-based IPN systems in drug delivery 225
7 Locust bean gum-based IPN systems in drug delivery 225
8 Xanthan gum-based IPN systems in drug delivery 227
9 Carrageenan-based IPN systems in drug delivery 228
10 Conclusion 228
References 229
10. Polysaccharide nanoconjugates in drug delivery
Mohammed Tahir Ansari, Farheen Sami, Md Saquib Hasnain,
Mohd Usman Mohd Siddique, and Amit Kumar Nayak,
1 Introduction 237
2 Polysaccharide nanoconjugates 238
3 Advantages of polysaccharide nanoconjugates in drug delivery 239
4 Polysaccharide used for nanoconjugation 239
5 Recent progress 249
6 Conclusion 250
References 250
viii Contents
11. Functionalized chitosan in drug delivery
Zahra Shariatinia
1 Introduction 257
2 Functionalized chitosan derivatives as drug delivery systems 258
3 Conclusion 284
Acknowledgments 285
References 285
12. Modified alginates in drug delivery
Nandan Sarkar and Arindam Maity
1 Introduction 291
2 Alginate biopolymer 292
3 Physicochemical heterogeneity toward drug delivery 295
4 Biological synergistic attributes toward drug delivery 299
5 Modification of alginate 301
6 Application of modified alginate in drug delivery 313
7 Concluding remarks 319
8 Future directions 320
References 320
13. Uses of tailor-made plant starches in drug delivery
Md Saquib Hasnain, Mohd Usman Mohd Siddique, Manoj M. Gadewar,
Mohammed Tahir Ansari, Mohd Neyaz Ahsan, Gouranga Nandi,
and Amit Kumar Nayak
1 Introduction 327
2 Starch: Basic chemistry and properties 328
3 Plant-derived starches as pharmaceutical excipients in drug delivery 330
4 Synthesis of tailor-made plant starches and their uses in drug delivery 331
5 Clinical potential of tailor-made starches 338
6 Conclusion 338
References 339
14. Cancer targeting by tailor-made polysaccharides
Azim Ansari, Abdullah Sheriker, Mohd Usman Mohd Siddique, Mrunali Patil,
Sameer N. Goyal, Sheikh Murtuja, Mohd Neyaz Ahsan, Md Saquib Hasnain,
and Amit Kumar Nayak
1 Introduction 347
2 Polysaccharides and their importance 348
3 Tailor-made chitosan-based systems for cancer-targeting applications 349
4 Tailor-made hyaluronic acid-based systems for cancer-targeting applications 351
5 Tailor-made pectin-based systems for cancer-targeting applications 354
6 Tailor-made heparin-based systems for cancer-targeting applications 356
7 Tailor-made dextran-based systems for cancer-targeting applications 360
Contents ix
8 Tailor-made chondroitin sulfate-based systems for cancer-targeting applications 362
9 Tailor-made cyclodextrin-based systems for cancer-targeting applications 362
10 Tailor-made pullulan-based systems for cancer-targeting applications 363
11 Tailor-made alginate-based systems for cancer-targeting applications 365
12 Tailor-made amylose-based systems for cancer-targeting applications 366
13 Conclusion 368
References 368
15. Delivery of genes and growth factors using tailor-made
polysaccharides
Mrunali Patil, Mohd Usman Mohd Siddique, Abdullah Sheriker, Azim Ansari,
Sameer N. Goyal, Md Saquib Hasnain, and Amit Kumar Nayak
1 Introduction 377
2 Polysaccharides 378
3 Gene therapy and applications of tailor-made polysaccharides for gene delivery 382
4 Growth factors and applications of tailor-made polysaccharides for growth
delivery 386
5 Conclusion 386
References 387
Index 391
