Szycher's Handbook of Polyurethanes, Second Edition

1112 Pages·2012·31.923 MB·English

by  Michael Szycher Ph.D

Materials Science
Szycher
Szycher’S handbook of
PolyurethaneS
Second edition
a practical handbook rather than merely a chemistry reference, Szycher’s Handbook
of Polyurethanes, Second Edition offers an easy-to-follow compilation of crucial
new information on polyurethane technology, which is irreplaceable in a wide range of
applications. This new edition of a bestseller is an invaluable reference for technologists,
marketers, suppliers, and academicians who require cutting-edge, commercially valuable
data on the most advanced uses for polyurethane, one of the most important and complex
specialty polymers.
Internationally recognized expert Dr. Michael Szycher updates his bestselling industry “bible”
With seven entirely new chapters and five that are revised and updated, this book
summarizes vital contents from u.S. patent literature—one of the most comprehensive
sources of up-to-date technical information. These patents represent the most useful
technology discovered by corporations, universities, and independent inventors. This
handbook features the full text for many carefully selected patents, because they contain a
wealth of information and best illustrate the complex principles involved in polyurethane
chemistry and technology.
features of this landmark reference include
• hundreds of practical formulations
• discussion of the polyurethane history, key terms, and commercial importance
• an in-depth survey of patent literature
• useful stoichiometric calculations
• The latest “green” chemistry applications
• a complete assessment of medical-grade polyurethane technology
not biased toward any one supplier’s expertise, this special reference uses a simplified
language and layout and provides extensive study questions after each chapter. It presents
rich technical and historical descriptions of all major polyurethanes and updated sections
on medical and biological applications. These features help readers better understand
developmental, chemical, application, and commercial aspects of the subject.
Second edition
K11811
ISBN 978-1-4398-3958-4
90000
9 781439 839584
K11811_COVER_final.indd 1 6/13/12 4:41 PM
Szycher’S handbook of
PolyurethaneS
Second edition

Szycher’S handbook of
PolyurethaneS
Second edition
Michael Szycher, Ph.d.
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2013 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
Version Date: 20120312
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4398-6313-8 (eBook - PDF)
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This handbook is dedicated to my wife, Laurie,
whose unwavering support and
dedication made this work possible.

Contents
Preface...............................................................................................................................................xi
Acknowledgment.........................................................................................................................xiii
Editor...............................................................................................................................................xv
Contributors.................................................................................................................................xvii
1. Introduction..............................................................................................................................1
Michael Szycher
2. Basic Concepts in Polyurethane Chemistry and Technology......................................13
Michael Szycher
3. Structure–Property Relations in Polyurethanes.............................................................37
Michael Szycher
4. Isocyanate Chemistry...........................................................................................................87
Michael Szycher
5. Polyols....................................................................................................................................135
Michael Szycher
6. Chain Extenders...................................................................................................................155
Michael Szycher
7. Flexible and Semiflexible Foams......................................................................................181
Michael Szycher
8. Rigid Polyurethane Foams................................................................................................257
Michael Szycher
9. Polyurethane Foam Surfactants.......................................................................................309
Michael Szycher
10. Catalysis of Isocyanate Reactions....................................................................................319
Michael Szycher
11. Elastomers.............................................................................................................................345
Michael Szycher
12. Reaction Injection Molding...............................................................................................373
Michael Szycher
13. Polyurethane Adhesives....................................................................................................393
Michael Szycher
vii
viii Contents
14. Waterborne Polyurethanes................................................................................................417
Michael Szycher
15. Health and Safety................................................................................................................449
Michael Szycher
16. Radiation-Curable Adhesives and Coatings..................................................................495
Michael Szycher
17. Processing Methods............................................................................................................523
Michael Szycher
18. Compounding Ingredients................................................................................................547
Michael Szycher
19. Copolymers and Polyblends..............................................................................................587
Michael Szycher
20. Polyurethane Coatings.......................................................................................................597
Michael Szycher
21. Castables, Sealants, and Caulking Compounds...........................................................613
Michael Szycher
22. Medical Applications..........................................................................................................633
Michael Szycher
23. Resorbable Polyurethanes.................................................................................................671
David K. Dempsey, Hugh A. Benhardt, and Elizabeth M. Cosgriff-Hernandez
24. Biodurable Polyurethanes.................................................................................................711
Michael Szycher
25. Antimicrobial Polyurethanes............................................................................................739
Michael Szycher
26. Hydrophilic Polyurethanes...............................................................................................771
Michael Szycher
27. Biocompatibility Testing....................................................................................................805
Michael Szycher, Laurence Lister, and John Iannone
28. Eco-Friendly Polyurethanes..............................................................................................835
Michael Szycher
29. Processing Thermoplastics Urethanes via Twin Screw Extrusion............................873
Charlie Martin
Contents ix
30. Infrared Analysis of Medical-Grade Polyurethane Elastomers:
Can Durometer Hardness Be Determined by IR Analysis?.......................................897
Michael Szycher and Jay R. Powell
Appendix A: Polyurethane Suppliers and Manufacturers................................................905
Appendix B: Urethane Processing Systems........................................................................1041
Appendix C: Glossary..............................................................................................................1057
Appendix D: Conversions and Formulas.............................................................................1087