Table Of ContentSustaining Cultural Development
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Sustaining Cultural
Development
Unified Systems and New
Governance in Cultural Life
Edited by
BiljaNa Mickov and jaMES DoylE
© Biljana Mickov and James Doyle 2013
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher.
Biljana Mickov and James Doyle have asserted their moral right under the Copyright, Designs
and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the editors of this work.
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Sustaining cultural development : unified systems and new
governance in cultural life.
1. Cultural policy--Case studies. 2. Arts--Europe--
Management. 3. Arts and society--Europe.
I. Mickov, Biljana. II. Doyle, James.
700.6’8-dc23
ISBN: 9781409453963 (hbk)
ISBN: 9781409453970 (ebk – PDF)
ISBN: 9781472404589 (ebk – ePUB)
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Sustaining cultural development : unified systems and new governance in cultural life /
[edited] by Biljana Mickov and James Doyle.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4094-5396-3 (hardback) -- ISBN 978-1-4094-5397-0 (ebook)
1. Arts and society--Europe. 2. Cultural policy. I. Mickov, Biljana, editor of compilation.
NX180.S6S87 2012
700.1’03094--dc23
2012029735
III
Contents
List of Figures xi
About the Editors xiii
Notes on Contributors xv
Introduction 1
Biljana Mickov
Aims and Objectives 4
Why Active Culture Policy is Useful for Cities 7
The Facebook Generation 14
Contributing to the Global Debate on Cultural and Local Development 15
Chapter 1 How We Value Arts and Culture 17
John Holden
Chapter 2 Barcelona’s Cultural Policies Behind the Scenes:
New Context, Renewed Strategies 29
Esteve Caramés
Introduction: The City’s Cultural Movement 29
Cultural Development at the Centre of the City’s Cultural
Strategy 30
Time for Changes, Time for Culture 35
Chapter 3 Agenda 21 for Culture 37
Jordi Pascual
Chapter 4 If Agenda 21 for Culture is the Answer, What Was the
Question? 43
Jordi Martí Grau and Carles Giner Camprubí
Cultural Policies 43
Policies Geared Towards Expanding Educational Options
for Cultural and Artistic Practices Gain in Significance 49
Geometry of Agenda 21 for Culture in Barcelona 52
vi sustaining cultural development
Chapter 5 Cultural Policies, Human Development and
Institutional Innovation: or Why We Need Agenda 21
for Culture 55
Jordi Pascual
Culture and Human Rights 55
Culture and Human Development 56
From Rights to Policies 57
Culture, the Fourth Pillar of Sustainability 58
Globalisation and Cultural Policies 59
Globalisation, Cities and Culture 60
Chapter 6 The City of 2030 67
United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG)
World Summit of Local and Regional Leaders 67
A Democratic, Self-Governing City 67
An Inclusive City of Participation 68
A City With a Vision For its Future 68
A Livable City 68
A Creative City, a City of Culture 69
A Secure City, a City of Peace 69
A Mobile City 69
A City Fit for Work 69
A City with Pride in its Public Services 70
A City Without Slums 70
A Cleaner, Greener, More Compact City 70
The City of 2030 – A Shared Responsibility of Governance 71
Chapter 7 Luxembourg and The Great Region: A Cultural
Challenge 73
Luc Braconnier
The European Capital of Culture 74
Art at the Border (hArt an der Grenze) 75
Chapter 8 The City of Bologna – A City of Culture 83
Mauro Felicori
The Development of Cultural Consumption 83
The City of Bologna – A City of Culture 84
The 2000s 87
contents vii
Chapter 9 The Possibilities of Cultural Policies 89
Jim Doyle
Quantifying Culture 89
A Policy Mix 90
Global on the Doorstep 90
Why Globalisation is Good for Us – Multicultural
Societies, Cultural Tension and the Benefits of
Antagonistic Cultural Identities 92
Understanding the Cyclical Nature of Cultural Encoding 94
In Conclusion 98
Chapter 10 Cork, Culture and Identity – A City Finding its Voice 101
Leslie Ryan
Cork City 101
Culture and Context 102
A City Facing Change 102
Cultural Enablers 103
Cork 2005 – A Turning Point in Cultural Policy 106
Embracing Partnership 107
A Critical Voice 108
The Capital Investment 109
Festivalisation of the Second City 109
Cork Midsummer Festival 110
2011 and Beyond 113
Chapter 11 To Experience and Create 115
Nina Gran
Culture in Focus on the City Agenda of Helsinki 115
Support, Advice and Cooperation 115
Arts Education, Focus and Time 116
Arts Education and Communication 117
Arts Education in Annantalo 118
Cross-Sectoral Quality and Competence 118
Development through Cultural Networks 119
Challenges for the Future 119
Chapter 12 Design: From Making Things to Designing the Future 121
Ekaterina Khramkova
Transcending ‘Customer Experiences’ to Arrive at ‘Total
Human Experiences’ 122
viii sustaining cultural development
Chapter 13 City Museum and Urban Development 127
Blaž Peršin
The Participation of Culture in the Urban Planning of
a City 131
Cultural Policy of the City of Ljubljana 134
Chapter 14 Museums and Globalisation 137
Fabrice Thuriot
Cultural Goods and Exchanges 138
More and More Internationalisation 138
International and National Standards and Local
Applications 138
European Influence 139
Globalisation of Strategies and Practices: Competition
and Cooperation towards Uniformity? 139
New Uses Worldwide 139
Chapter 15 New Challenges for Museum Exhibitions 141
Jean-Michel Tobelem
The Importance of Exhibitions to Museums 142
Finance, Planning and Control 144
Promotion and Communication 146
Management and Organisation 148
Conclusion 149
Chapter 16 The Visitor Appears 151
Jonathan Goodacre
Communication or Shouting? 153
Understanding the Visitor 154
What are People Interested in? 155
What are We Going to Do About It? 157
Targeted Communication 158
Marketing and Fundraising 159
Relationships 160
Why Should We Care? 160
Chapter 17 Art, Education and the Role of the Cultural Institution 163
Mick Wilson
contents ix
Chapter 18 Art Education Practice 173
Biljana Mickov
Cultural Policies in Serbia 173
General Players in Cultural Policy 174
Decentralisation of Cultural Administration 175
Education, Additional Education and Re-Education
in Serbia 176
The University of Arts in Belgrade 177
UNESCO World Conference on Art Education, Lisbon,
6 to 9 March 2006 177
Education Practice in the Museums and Galleries of
Contemporary Art in Serbia 180
European Education Network 182
Development of Partnerships in Europe 182
Cultural Policy – Art Education 185
Cultural Policy – European Funding 185
A Self-Managed Art Education System 187
European and International Symposium on Arts
Education 188
Serbia Becomes a Full Member of the Culture
Programme 189
Summary 190
Chapter 19 Marketing Cultural Services for the Public Sector 193
Maarit Keto-Seppälä
Tell a Good Story 202
Chapter 20 Creative Industries 205
Davor Buinjac
The Question of Definition 207
Mapping and Creative Clusters 213
Creative Industries and New Technologies 215
Conclusion 215
Chapter 21 Measure for Measure 219
Jonathan Goodacre
What Are We Evaluating? 219
Why Evaluate? 220
A Few Thoughts about Carrying Out Evaluation
Effectively 222
Evaluating Art 223
