Table Of ContentHuman-Environment Interactions 8
Thomas Weith · Tim Barkmann ·
Nadin Gaasch · Sebastian Rogga ·
Christian Strauß · Jana Zscheischler
Editors
Sustainable
Land Management
in a European
Context
A Co-Design Approach
Human-Environment Interactions
Volume 8
Series Editor
Emilio F. Moran, Michigan State University, Bloomington, IN, USA
The Human-Environment Interactions series invites contributions addressing the
role of human interactions in the earth system. It welcomes titles on sustainability,
climate change and societal impacts, global environmental change, tropical
deforestation, reciprocal interactions of population-environment-consumption,
large-scale monitoring of changes in vegetation, reconstructions of human
interactions at local and regional scales, ecosystem processes, ecosystem services,
land use and land cover change, sustainability science, environmental policy,
among others. The series publishes authored and edited volumes, as well as
textbooks. It is intended for environmentalists, anthropologists, historical, cultural
and political ecologists, political geographers, and land change scientists.
Human-environment interaction provides a framework that brings together
scholarship sharing both disciplinary depth and interdisciplinary scope to examine
past, present, and future social and environmental change in different parts of the
world.Thetopicisveryrelevantsincehumanactivities(e.g.theburnoffossilfuels,
fishing,agriculturalactivities,amongothers)aresopervasivethattheyarecapable
of altering the earth system in ways that could change the viability of the very
processes upon which human and non-human species depend.
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8599
Thomas Weith Tim Barkmann
(cid:129) (cid:129)
Nadin Gaasch Sebastian Rogga
(cid:129) (cid:129)
ß
Christian Strau Jana Zscheischler
(cid:129)
Editors
Sustainable Land
Management in a European
Context
A Co-Design Approach
123
Editors
ThomasWeith Tim Barkmann
Institute of Environmental Science Research Area ‘LandUse andGovernance’
andGeography LeibnizCentre for Agricultural Landscape
University of Potsdam, CampusGolm Research (ZALF)
Potsdam, Germany Müncheberg,Germany
WorkingGroup “Co-Design
Sebastian Rogga
of Change andInnovation”
LeibnizCentre for Agricultural Landscape
LeibnizCentre for Agricultural
Research (ZALF)
LandscapeResearch (ZALF) Müncheberg,Germany
Müncheberg,Germany
JanaZscheischler
NadinGaasch WorkingGroup “Co-Design of Changeand
Science ManagementandTransfer Innovation”
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact
LeibnizCentre for Agricultural Landscape
Research (PIK)
Research (ZALF)
Potsdam, Germany Müncheberg,Germany
Christian Strauß
Research Area ‘LandUse andGovernance’
LeibnizCentre for Agricultural Landscape
Research (ZALF)
Müncheberg,Germany
ISSN 2214-2339 ISSN 2452-1744 (electronic)
Human-Environment Interactions
ISBN978-3-030-50840-1 ISBN978-3-030-50841-8 (eBook)
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Foreword
Sustainable land management is a key issue among the various applications of
sustainable development. Humans are mobile terrestrial beings who need land as
terrafirmatosupporttheiractivitiesandobtainvitalresources.Andyetlandmakes
up only a third of the earth’s surface and is finite, much of it already having been
populated by humans. Other basic preconditions for ensuring the survival of
humansweretheavailabilityoffreshwaterandaplantcoverthatprovidedfoodand
shelter, which was used for gathering and hunting. This activity was steadily
improved owing to skill and intellect, particularly after learning how to use fire as
an effective energy source.
The real importance of land, however, was discovered when humans started to
practice agriculture, especially crop farming. This was the very origin of land use
andthefirstdecisivestepintransformingnatureintoatypicalhumanenvironment,
called culture. Humans took ownership of land and selected certain plant and
animal species for crop cultivation and livestock husbandry around their settle-
ments.Thesewerebuiltassolidfarmsteads,markingasecondtypeoflanduseand
a completely artificial land cover.
During plant cultivation, farmers became aware of the uppermost layer of the
land,calledsoil,thequalityofwhich,aboveallfertility,wasindicatedbytheplant
cover. Humans soon learned to determine which sites were best suited for agri-
culture—deep sandy to loamy soils that were easy to till. Management began by
replacing the natural plant cover with crop plants, usually in pure stands, which
involved working the land using tools such as hoes and ploughs. Grain and root
crops soon became the mainstay of human food supply, promoting population
growth—which again required more farmland: a vicious circle evolved.
Cultural development is marked by continuous technical progress involving
long-term consequences that were often impossible to foresee. Progress in agri-
cultureresultedinbiggerfoodquantitiesthanfarmersneeded.Thissurplusenabled
food to be supplied to a new, non-farming human population that led to urban life
and civilisation, causing an irreversible division of rural and urban land use, life-
styleandmentality.Urbancitizens,freefromthedailytoilofstrugglingwithnature
toproduce food,developednew ideas andvalues suchaslandscapebeauty,alove
v
vi Foreword
ofnature,andanimalwelfare.However,theseideasandvaluesareirrevocablytied
to reliable daily nourishment, which depends on rural supply. As the urban pop-
ulation became aware of this, they started to govern farmers’ activities, adjusting
them to urban needs and ideas. This culminated in industrialisation and the rapid
growth of cities, which induced the intensification and technical modernisation of
farming,againconceivedbycitydwellers,whosestandardoflivingrosetoheights
never seen before.
This achievement was also based on rapid advances in science and technology,
which of course also included agriculture and food production. These advances
creatednewattitudesandvaluestowardsfundamentalaspectsoflife.Humanrights
and well-being took centre stage, encouraging further population growth and the
greater exploitation of land and its resources. The concept of sustainable devel-
opment, which has gained general consent as shown in several international reso-
lutions, aims to overcome this dilemma.
And yet it takes precise specification to translate this broad, integrative concept
intoconcretemeasures,whichalsoholdsforlandmanagement:whichcomponents,
resourcesorfunctionsoflandaretobemanagedinwhichwayatagivenlocation?
Sincelandisfinite,itsverydifferentqualitiesrendersitnecessarytochoosesitesor
locations that are best suited for the various competing land uses, which are only
compatible in part. These land uses include farming, forestry, settlement,
urban-industrial development, mining, regenerative energy production, nature
conservation, leisureand recreation. Sustainable management should seek toadapt
land use to a site’s qualities, rather than modifying these qualities to suit the land
use. In addition, use intensities must be controlled to mitigate ecological deterio-
ration,whichcanalsobereducedbyconsciouslydesigningthespatialarrangement
of land uses.
Themanagementofrurallandisusuallyprioritisedbecauseitsuppliestheurban
population with commodities such as food from grain and root crops. Such crops
depend in turn on productive arable soils, and yet these are gradually being dam-
aged by crop farming treatments that need to be applied. Since soils are the most
precious and vulnerable land resource, a resource that cannot be restored, such
negativeimpactsmustbemitigatedtothegreatestextentpossible,particularlysince
soils now have a new function—the sequestration of CO to combat climate
2
change.
Allthesemanagementmeasuresmustbeorganisedbyadaptiveandparticipatory
governance institutions. It is an enormous challenge that may be helped by the
information and proposals given in this book.
Wolfgang Haber
Technical University of Munich
Freising, Germany
e-mail: [email protected]
Contents
1 A Knowledge-Based European Perspective on Sustainable
Land Management: Conceptual Approach and Overview
of Chapters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Thomas Weith, Tim Barkmann, Nadin Gaasch, Sebastian Rogga,
Christian Strauß, and Jana Zscheischler
Part I Land-Use: State and Drivers in Europe
2 Landscape Change in Europe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
María García-Martín, Cristina Quintas-Soriano, Mario Torralba,
Franziska Wolpert, and Tobias Plieninger
3 New Trends and Drivers for Agricultural Land
Use in Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Dieter Kirschke, Astrid Häger, and Julia Christiane Schmid
4 Demographic Change and Land Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Jens Hoffmann
5 Urbanisation and Land Use Change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Henning Nuissl and Stefan Siedentop
6 Urban-Rural Interrelations—A Challenge for Sustainable
Land Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Alexandra Doernberg and Thomas Weith
Part II Co-Production of Knowledge
7 TransdisciplinaryResearchinLandUseScience—Developments,
Criticism and Empirical Findings from Research Practice . . . . . . . 127
Jana Zscheischler
vii
viii Contents
8 InnovationsforSustainableLandManagement—AComparative
Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Jana Zscheischler and Sebastian Rogga
9 Knowledge Exchange at Science-Policy Interfaces in the Fields
of Spatial Planning, Land Use and Soil Management: A Swiss
Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Marco Pütz and Regula Brassel
10 Serious Games in Sustainable Land Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Jacqueline Maaß
11 Real-World Laboratories Initiated by Practitioner Stakeholders
for Sustainable Land Management—Characteristics and
Challenges Using the Example of Energieavantgarde Anhalt . . . . . 207
Helga Kanning, Bianca Richter-Harm, Babette Scurrell,
and Özgür Yildiz
12 Knowledge Management for Sustainability: The Spatial
Dimension of Higher Education as an Opportunity
for Land Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Jens Schulz, Thomas Köhler, and Thomas Weith
13 Transcending the Loading Dock Paradigm—Rethinking
Science-Practice Transfer and Implementation in Sustainable
Land Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Sebastian Rogga
Part III Co-Evolution: New System Solutions and Governance
14 Small-Scale System Solutions—Material Flow Management
(MFM) in Settlements (Water, Energy, Food, Materials) . . . . . . . . 269
Peter Heck
15 MultifunctionalUrban Landscapes: The PotentialRoleofUrban
Agriculture as an Element of Sustainable Land Management. . . . . 291
Kathrin Specht, Julian Schimichowski, and Runrid Fox-Kämper
16 Integrating Ecosystem Services, Green Infrastructure
and Nature-Based Solutions—New Perspectives in Sustainable
Urban Land Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Dagmar Haase
17 Upcoming Challenges in Land Use Science—An International
Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Christine Fürst
Contents ix
Part IV Outlook
18 Conclusions and Research Perspectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
Thomas Weith, Tim Barkmann, Nadin Gaasch, Sebastian Rogga,
Christian Strauß, and Jana Zscheischler
