Table Of ContentSustainable Concrete
Made with Ashes and
Dust from Different
Sources
Woodhead Publishing Series in
Civil and Structural Engineering
Sustainable Concrete
Made with Ashes and
Dust from Different
Sources
Materials, Properties and Applications
Edited by
Rafat Siddique
Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology,
Patiala, India
Rafik Belarbi
La Rochelle University, La Rochelle, France
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Contents
Contributors ix
Preface xiii
1 Coalflyash 1
MalkitSingh,RafatSiddiqueandJagdeepSingh
1.1 Introduction 1
References 21
2 Coalbottomash 29
Hyeong-KiKim
2.1 Introduction 29
2.2 Characteristicsofcoalbottomash 30
2.3 Applicationincementcomposites:generalandadvancedutilizations 34
2.4 Concreteproperties 37
2.5 Environmentalandeconomicaspects 52
2.6 Conclusion 53
Acknowledgment 54
References 54
3 Prospectsofricehuskashasaconstructionmaterial 61
ZahidHossainandKaziTamzidulIslam
3.1 Introduction 61
3.2 Characterization 66
3.3 RHAinregularconcrete 69
3.4 RHAinflowablefillconcrete 84
3.5 Costanalysis 87
3.6 Summary 88
Acknowledgments 89
References 89
4 Municipalsolidwasteash 93
ReginaMambeliBarros
4.1 Introduction 93
4.2 Materialsproperties:physicalandchemicalcharacterization 94
4.3 Effectoffreshconcreteproperties 117
4.4 Effectofstrengthproperties 120
vi Contents
4.5 Effectsondurabilityproperties 137
4.6 Leachatecharacterization 149
4.7 Applicationsandsignificantcasestudies 159
4.8 Normativerestrictions,codes,andstandards 162
4.9 Economicimpactandevaluation 166
4.10 Environmentalimpact 167
4.11 Conclusions 170
Acknowledgments 172
References 173
5 Bagasseash 177
MalkitSingh,JagdeepSinghandRafatSiddique
5.1 Introduction 177
5.2 Usesofbagasseandbagasseash 179
5.3 Characterizationofbagasseash 180
5.4 Propertiesofbagasseashmortar 187
5.5 Propertiesofbagasseashconcrete 202
5.6 Environmentandcostbenefitanalysis 226
5.7 Conclusions 227
References 227
6 Sewagesludgeash 233
RomildoDiasToledoFilhoandCintiaMariaArianiFontes
6.1 Introduction 233
6.2 Propertiesofmaterials:physical,chemical,mineralogicaland
environmentalcharacterization 234
6.3 Effectonconcretefreshproperties 252
6.4 Effectonconcretephysicalproperties 254
6.5 Effectonconcretestrengthdevelopmentandstress-strainbehavior 259
6.6 Effectonconcretedurabilityproperties 264
6.7 Leachatecharacterization 266
6.8 Normativerestrictions,implementationinCodesandStandards 271
References 271
7 Palmoilfuelash(POFA) 279
RamazanDemirbogaandKhatibZadaFarhan
7.1 Introduction 279
7.2 Propertiesofmaterials 280
7.3 ImpactofPOFAonfreshpropertiesofconcrete 289
7.4 ImpactofPOFAonmechanicalproperties 296
7.5 ImpactofPOFAondurabilityproperties 309
7.6 Conclusionsandrecommendations 317
References 318
Contents vii
8 Volcanicash 331
LoredanaContrafatto
8.1 Introduction 331
8.2 Physicalandchemicalpropertiesofvolcanicash 332
8.3 Propertiesofconcreteandconcrete-likematerialscontaining
volcanicash 353
8.4 Normativerestrictions,implementationincodesandstandards 392
8.5 Environmentalandeconomicimpactofvolcanicashuse 397
8.6 Recyclingofwastevolcanicashinbuildingmaterials 401
8.7 Conclusions 408
References 408
9 Utilizationofwoodwasteashingreenconcreteproduction 419
YanZhuge,WeiweiDuanandYueLiu
9.1 Introduction 419
9.2 PropertiesofMaterials:Physical,ChemicalanditsCharacterization 420
9.3 FreshpropertiesofWWA-derivedconcrete 427
9.4 MechanicalpropertiesofWWA-derivedconcrete 430
9.5 EffectsonDurabilityProperties 435
9.6 LeachateCharacterization 439
9.7 ApplicationofWoodAshasconstructionmaterials 441
9.8 Conclusions 444
References 444
10 Cementkilndust 451
HakimS.Abdelgader,MugahedAmran,MarzenaKurpin´ska,
MohammadA.Mosaberpanah,GunasekaranMuraliandRomanFediuk
10.1 Introduction 451
10.2 PhysicalpropertiesofCKD 457
10.3 Chemicalproperties 459
10.4 ApplicationofCKD 465
10.5 Conclusion 471
References 472
11 Wastemarblepowder 479
TurhanBilir,ÖmerKaradag˘ andBeyzaFahriyeAygün
11.1 Introduction 479
11.2 Physicalandchemicalpropertiesofwastemarblepowder 480
11.3 Freshpropertiesofconcretecontainingwastemarblepowder 482
11.4 Propertiesofhardenedconcretecontainingwastemarblepowder 486
11.5 Durabilitypropertiesofconcretecontainingwastemarblepowder 494
11.6 Economicandenvironmentalimpactbenefitsofwastemarble
powderusageinconcrete 498
11.7 Conclusions 501
References 502
viii Contents
12 Quarrydust 507
CheeBanCheah,JaySernLimandFarshadAmeri
12.1 Introduction 507
12.2 Physicalpropertiesofquarrydust 508
12.3 Chemicalpropertiesofquarrydust 510
12.4 Workabilitypropertiesoffreshquarrydust(QD)concrete 512
12.5 Engineeringpropertiesofquarrydust(QD)concrete 514
12.6 Durabilitypropertiesofquarrydust(QD)concrete 528
12.7 Lengthchangebehaviorofquarrydust(QD)concrete 535
12.8 Conclusion 537
References 538
13 Limestonedust 543
RafatSiddiqueandNikitaGupta
13.1 Introduction 543
13.2 Propertiesoflimestonepowder 545
13.3 Effectoflimestonepowderontheworkabilityofconcrete 546
13.4 Effectoflimestonepowderonthestrengthpropertiesofconcrete 549
13.5 Effectoflimestonepowderonthedurabilitypropertiesofconcrete 561
13.6 Conclusions 572
References 572
14 RedMud 577
WaichingTang,MehrnoushKhavarianandAliYousefi
14.1 Introduction 577
14.2 GeneralcharacteristicsofRM 579
14.3 InfluenceoftheadditionofRM 582
14.4 ApplicationofRM-basedcementitiousmaterials 599
14.5 Economicandenvironmentalimpacts 599
14.6 Summaryandconclusion 600
References 601
Index 607
Contributors
HakimS. Abdelgader, Department of Civil engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
UniversityofTripoli,Tripoli,Libya;FacultyofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineering,
Gdan´skUniversityofTechnology,Gdan´sk,Poland
FarshadAmeri,SchoolofHousing,BuildingandPlanning,UniversitiSainsMalaysia,
Penang,Malaysia
MugahedAmran,DepartmentofCivilEngineering,CollegeofEngineering,Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia; Department of Civil Engi-
neering,FacultyofEngineeringandIT,AmranUniversity,Amran,Yemen
BeyzaFahriyeAygün,IstanbulUniversity-Cerrahpasa,FacultyofEngineering,Civil
EngineeringDepartment,Istanbul,Turkey
ReginaMambeliBarros,FederalUniversityofItajubá,InstituteofNaturalResources,
Brazil
TurhanBilir,IstanbulUniversity-Cerrahpasa,FacultyofEngineering,CivilEngineer-
ingDepartment,Istanbul,Turkey
CheeBan Cheah, School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains
Malaysia,Penang,Malaysia
Loredana Contrafatto,UniversityofCatania,Department ofCivilEngineering and
Architecture,Catania,Italy
RamazanDemirboga,DepartmentofArchitecturalEngineering,AlfaisalUniversity,
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Engineering, Civil
EngineeringDepartment,Istanbul,Turkey
WeiweiDuan,UniversityofSouthAustralia,UniSASTEM,ScaRCE,SA,Australia
KhatibZada Farhan, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, En-
gineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Civil and Environmental
EngineeringDepartment,KingAbdulazizUniversity,Jeddah,SaudiArabia
x Contributors
Roman Fediuk, Polytechnic Institute, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok,
Russia
RomildoDiasToledo Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
CintiaMariaArianiFontes,StateUniversityofFeiradeSantana,FeiradeSantana,
Bahia,Brazil
Nikita Gupta, Civil Engineering Department, Thapar Institute of Engineering and
Technology,Patiala,India
ZahidHossain,CollegeofEngineeringandComputerScience,ArkansasStateUni-
versity,ArkansasBioscienceInstitute(ABI),StateUniversity,Jonesboro,AR,USA
KaziTamzidulIslam,CollegeofEngineeringandComputerScience,ArkansasState
University,ArkansasBioscienceInstitute(ABI),StateUniversity,Jonesboro,AR,USA
ÖmerKaradag˘,IstanbulUniversity-Cerrahpasa,FacultyofEngineering,CivilEngi-
neeringDepartment,Istanbul,Turkey;OzyeginUniversity,FacultyofArchitectureand
Design,ArchitectureDepartment,Istanbul,Turkey
MehrnoushKhavarian,SchoolofArchitectureandBuiltEnvironment,Universityof
Newcastle,Callaghan,NSW,Australia
Hyeong-Ki Kim, Department of Architectural Engineering, Chosun University,
Gwangju,SouthKorea
MarzenaKurpin´ska,FacultyofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineering,Gdan´skUni-
versityofTechnology,Gdan´sk,Poland
JaySernLim,SchoolofHousing,BuildingandPlanning,UniversitiSainsMalaysia,
Penang,Malaysia
YueLiu,UniversityofSouthAustralia,UniSASTEM,ScaRCE,SA,Australia
MohammadA. Mosaberpanah, Department of Civil Engineering, Cyprus Interna-
tionalUniversity(CIU),Nicosia,NorthCyprus,Turkey
Gunasekaran Murali, School of Civil Engineering, SASTRA Deemed University,
Thanjavur,India
Rafat Siddique, Civil Engineering Department, Thapar Institute of Engineering and
Technology,Patiala,India
Contributors xi
JagdeepSingh,ChitkaraUniversityInstituteofEngineeringandTechnology,Chitkara
University,Punjab,India
MalkitSingh,ICECEngineering,Patiala,India
Waiching Tang, School of Architecture and Built Environment, University of New-
castle,Callaghan,NSW,Australia
AliYousefi,SchoolofArchitectureandBuiltEnvironment,UniversityofNewcastle,
Callaghan,NSW,Australia
YanZhuge,UniversityofSouthAustralia,UniSASTEM,ScaRCE,SA,Australia