Surgical Pathology of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors

247 Pages·2009·15.987 MB·English

by  Gul Moonis, Kalpana Mani (auth.), Ashraf Khan (eds.)

S P E
URGICAL ATHOLOGY OF NDOCRINE AND
N T
EUROENDOCRINE UMORS
C C P
URRENT LINICAL ATHOLOGY
ANTONIO GIORDANO, MD, PHD
SERIES EDITOR
Forfurthertitlespublishedinthisseries,goto
http://www.springer.com/springer/series/7632
S P
URGICAL ATHOLOGY
E
OF NDOCRINE AND
N T
EUROENDOCRINE UMORS
Edited by
A K
SHRAF HAN, MD, FRCPath
University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
Editor
AshrafKhan
DepartmentPathology
UniversityofMassachusettsMedicalSchool(UMMS)
UMassMemorialMedicalCenter
55LakeAvenueN.
WorcesterMA01655
USA
ISBN978-1-60327-395-4 e-ISBN978-1-60327-396-1
DOI10.1007/978-1-60327-396-1
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2009928457
#HumanaPress,apartofSpringerScienceþBusinessMedia,LLC2009
Allrightsreserved.Thisworkmaynotbetranslatedorcopiedinwholeorinpartwithoutthewrittenpermissionofthepublisher(HumanaPress,c/o
SpringerScienceþBusinessMedia,LLC,233SpringStreet,NewYork,NY10013,USA),exceptforbriefexcerptsinconnectionwithreviewsor
scholarlyanalysis.Useinconnectionwithanyformofinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilaror
dissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdevelopedisforbidden.
Theuseinthispublicationoftradenames,trademarks,servicemarks,andsimilarterms,eveniftheyarenotidentifiedassuch,isnottobetakenasan
expressionofopinionastowhetherornottheyaresubjecttoproprietaryrights.
Whiletheadviceandinformationinthisbookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofgoingtopress,neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnor
thepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,
withrespecttothematerialcontainedherein.
Printedonacid-freepaper
SpringerispartofSpringerScienceþBusinessMedia(www.springer.com)
To Rabab (Neelo) my loving wife, a great friend, the most caring
person in the world and our two beautiful children Zehra and
Faraan
P
REFACE
Surgicalpathologyisthecornerstoneinmanagementofneoplasticdisorders.Withtheadvancesmadein
our understanding of disease and application of new ancillary diagnostic studies the cross talk between
surgical pathology and its related fields such as cytopathology and molecular diagnosis has become
important for patient care and to provide the most accurate diagnosis. Endocrine tumors are common
surgicalspecimensthatpathologistsencounterintheirpractice,sothetextpresentedhereshouldbeuseful
formostgeneralpathologistsandpathologistsintraining.
In addition to the tumors of the usual endocrine glands we have included endocrine tumors of non-
endocrine organs as well. As is discussed later by Dr. Runjan Chetty this system of specialized peptide
producingcellsthataredistributedinvariousorgansthroughoutthebodysharemanypropertieswithnerve
cells;soforthisgroupoftumorstheterminology‘‘neuroendocrinetumors’’ispreferredinthisbook.While
theemphasisinthisbookisonthesurgicalpathologyofendocrineandneuroendocrinetumorswehavealso
provided sections on radiological imaging, cytologic diagnosis, and application of molecular diagnosis in
these tumors. While the scope of the book does not allow us to go into the details, clinically pertinent
informationrelevantforasurgicalpathologistisprovidedinthesesectionsandwehopethereaderswillfind
thisinformationusefulinbetterunderstandingthesedisorders.
The book was conceptualized with two main aims, one to put together an up-to-date text on surgical
pathologyofendocrineandneuroendocrinetumorsthatispracticalkeepingthepracticingsurgicalpathol-
ogistinmindandsecond,tolayoutthesectionsinsomewaysreminiscenttohowthediseasepresentsand
thecoursetakenduringdiagnosis.Wethereforestartwithradiologicalimagingoftumors,whichmaybeone
ofthefirstinvestigationsapatientundergoesfollowedbyasectiononfine-needleaspirationbiopsythatis
the most important modality for pre-operative diagnosis that greatly assists in the surgical management.
Thisleadsintoourmainsectiononsurgicalpathologyofendocrinetumors,whichisthefocusofthebook
andfinallyweendwithapplicationofmoleculartechniques,whicharebecomingmoreandmoreimportant
and have great potential for the future. The authors selected to contribute to this book are a group of
internationally recognized pathologists who are not only experts and have extensively published in their
respectivefieldsbutmoreimportantlyareexperiencedpracticingpathologistswhobringtheirownvaluable
insightswhendiscussingthesetumors.Iampersonallyverygratefultoallthecontributorswhohavetaken
time out of their very busy schedules to write these chapters. I would also like to take this opportunity to
thanktheeditorialstaffatHumana/Springerforalltheirassistanceandmakingthisprojectpossible.
WorcesterMA AshrafKhan
vii
C
ONTENTS
ImagingofEndocrineandNeuroendocrineTumors ................................................................................ 1
GulMoonisandKalpanaMani
FineNeedleAspirationCytologyofEndocrineTumors .......................................................................... 9
SanjayLoganiandZubairW.Baloch
FineNeedleAspirationCytologyofNeuroendocrineTumorsArisinginNon-endocrineOrgans ......... 19
SanjayLoganiandZubairW.Baloch
TumorsofthePituitaryGland ............................................................................................................... 27
RicardoV.Lloyd,BerndW.Scheithauer,EvaHorvath,andKalmanKovacs
TumorsofThyroidGland:Non-CcellTumors ...................................................................................... 41
AshrafKhanandManjuPrasad
TumorsoftheThyroidGland(C-Cells) ................................................................................................. 83
RonaldA.DeLellis
TumorsofParathyroidGland ................................................................................................................ 99
ManjuL.PrasadandAshrafKhan
TumorsoftheAdrenalCortex ............................................................................................................. 111
AnneMarieMcNicol
TumorsoftheAdrenalMedullaandExtra-adrenalParaganglia .......................................................... 121
ArthurS.TischlerandRonaldR.deKrijger
EndocrineTumorsoftheLungandUpperAirways ............................................................................ 131
ArmandoE.Fraire,UlrikeM.Gruber-Mo¨senbacher,andHelmutH.Popper
NeuroendocrineTumorsofthePancreas ............................................................................................. 143
RunjanChetty
NeuroendocrineTumorsoftheGastrointestinalTract ......................................................................... 155
RunjanChetty
NeuroendocrineTumoursoftheBreast ............................................................................................... 165
AndrewM.HanbyandRebeccaA.Brannan
NeuroendocrineTumorsofFemaleGenitalTract ............................................................................... 173
KhushMittalandFanChen
NeuroendocrineTumorsofProstate,UrinaryBladderandKidney ..................................................... 183
ZhongJiang
NeuroendocrineTumorsofOtherMiscellaneousSites:ThymusandSkin ........................................... 191
FrancoiseTruongandAshrafKhan
EndocrineTumorsandTumor-LikeLesionsofInfancy,Childhood,andAdolescentsand
InheritedTumorSyndromes ................................................................................................................. 201
VaˆniaNose´
ix
x Contents
ApplicationofMolecularDiagnosisTechniquesintheDiagnosisandManagement
ofEndocrineTumors ............................................................................................................................ 221
JenniferL.Hunt
Index ..................................................................................................................................................... 235
C
ONTRIBUTORS
ZUBAIR W. BALOCH, MD, PHD (cid:2) Professor of Pathology, Director, Cytopathology Fellowship Program, Department of
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,
[email protected]
REBECCA A. BRANNAN (cid:2) FRCPath MSc MBChB, Department of Histopathology, St James’s University Hospital, Beckett
Street,Leeds,LS97TF,UnitedKingdom,[email protected]
FANCHEN,MD,MD,PHD (cid:2) ClinicalAssistantProfessor,NYUSchoolofMedicineandHospitals,DepartmentofSurgical
andOb-Gynpathology,BellevueHospital-BuildingH,Room4west,NY10016,USA,[email protected]
RUNJAN CHETTY, MD, FRCPATH (cid:2) Professor of Pathology, Director of Surgical Pathology, Health Network/Toronto
MedicalLaboratories,DepartmentofLaboratoryMedicineandPathobiology,UniversityofToronto,Toronto,Canada,
[email protected]
RONALD R. DE KRIJGER, MD (cid:2) Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands,
[email protected]
RONALDA.DELELLIS,M.D. (cid:2) Pathologist-in-Chief,LifespanAMCPathologyLaboratories,ProfessorandAssociateChair
of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of
Pathology,RhodeIslandHospital,Providence,RI02903,USA,[email protected]
ANDREWM.HANBY,MD,FRCPATH (cid:2) Leeds InstituteofMolecularMedicine,YorkshireCancerResearchandLizDawn
Pathology and Translational Sciences Centre Section of Pathology and Tumour Biology Wellcome Trust Brenner
Building, Level 4, Room 4.13 St James’s University Hospital, Beckett Street Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom,
[email protected]
EVA HORVATH, PHD (cid:2) Department of Pathology, St Michael’s Hospital, Tronto, Ontario, CA, USA,
[email protected]
ARMANDOE.FRAIRE,MD (cid:2) ProfessorofPathology,Director,PulmonaryandAutopsyPathology,UniversityofMassachu-
setts Medical School, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Three Biotech, One Innovation Drive, Worcester, MA, USA,
[email protected]
JENNIFER L. HUNT,M.D (cid:2) AssociateChiefof Pathology,DirectorofQualityand Safety,JamesHomer WrightPathology
Laboratories,WRN225,MassachusettsGeneralHospital,55FruitStreet,Boston,MA02114,[email protected]
ZHONG JIANG, MD (cid:2) Professor of Pathology, Director, Genitourinary Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical
School,ThreeBiotech,OneInnovationDriveWorcester,MA,USA,[email protected]
ASHRAFKHAN,MD,FRCPATH (cid:2) ProfessorofPathology,Director,SurgicalPathology,DepartmentofPathology,University
of Massachusetts Medical School, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Three Biotech, One Innovation Drive, Worcester,
MA01605,USAe-mail:[email protected]
KALMAN KOVACS, MD, PHD (cid:2) Department of Pathology, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, CA, USA,
[email protected]
RICARDO V. LLOYD, M.D., PH.D (cid:2) Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Anatomic Pathology,
MayoClinic,Rochester,MN55905,USA,[email protected]
SANJAY LOGANI, MD (cid:2) Associate Professor of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology,
SuiteH187,1364CliftonRd,NE,Atlanta,GA30322,USA,[email protected]
KALPANAMANI,MD (cid:2) DepartmentofRadiology,BethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenter,HarvardMedicalSchool,Boston,
MA,USA,[email protected]
ANNEMARIEMCNICOL,MD,FRCPATH (cid:2) ProfessorMolecularandCellularPathology,SchoolofMedicine,Universityof
Queensland,Brisbane,Australia,[email protected]
KHUSH MITTAL, MD (cid:2) Associate Professor of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine and Hospitals, Director, Surgical
and Ob-Gyn pathology, Bellevue Hospital – Building H, Room 4west, NY 10016, USA,
[email protected]
xi
xii Contributors
GULMOONIS,MD (cid:2) AssistantprofessorofRadiology,DivisionofNeuroradiology,BethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenter,
HarvardMedicalSchool,Boston,MA,USA,[email protected]
VAˆNIANOSE´,MD,PH.D (cid:2) AssociateDirectorofSurgicalPathology,Chief,EndocrinePathologyService,AssociateProfessor
ofPathology,DepartmentofPathology,HarvardMedicalSchool,BrighamandWomen’sHospital,Boston,MA02115,
USA,[email protected]
ULRIKEM.GRUBER-MOESENBACHER,MD (cid:2) InstituteofPathology,TeachingHospitalFeldkirchCarinagasse47,A-6800
Feldkirch,Austria,[email protected]
HELMUTH.POPPER,MD,PROF.PATH (cid:2) InstituteofPathology,ResearchUnitMolecularLungandPleuraPathology,Lab.
Molecular Genetics, Environmental und Respiratory Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz
25,A-8036,Graz,Austria,[email protected]
MANJUL.PRASAD,MD (cid:2) AssociateProfessor,Director,Endocrine,Head&NeckPathology,Director,Immunohistochem-
istryLaboratory,DepartmentofPathology,YaleUniversitySchoolofMedicine,20YorkStreet,EP2-608B,NewHaven,
CT06510,USA,[email protected]
BERND W. SCHEITHAUER, MD (cid:2) Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW,
RochesterMN55905,USA,[email protected]
ARTHUR S. TISCHLER, MD (cid:2) Professor of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tufts University Tufts Medical Center,
Boston,MA,[email protected]
FRANCOISE TRUONG, MD FRCPC (cid:2) Consultant Pathologist, William Osler Health Center, 101 Humber College Blvd,
Etobicoke,ON,Canada,M9VIR8,[email protected]