Table Of ContentSurgical Atlas of
Functional Single Ventricle
and Hypoplastic Left
Heart Syndrome
Bin Qiao
Zhong Min Liu
Yu Guo Weng
Ajit P. Yoganathan
Editors
123
Surgical Atlas of Functional Single Ventricle
and Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Bin Qiao • Zhong Min Liu
Yu Guo Weng • Ajit P. Yoganathan
Editors
Surgical Atlas of Functional
Single Ventricle and
Hypoplastic Left Heart
Syndrome
Editors
Bin Qiao Zhong Min Liu
Cardiovascular Institute Shanghai Dongfang Hospital
General Hospital of Jinan Military Region Tongji University
Jinan Shanghai
China China
Cardiac Surgery Center
Ajit P. Yoganathan
Western District of Shandong
Wallace H. Coulter Department of
Provincial Hospital
Biomedical Engineering
Jinan
Georgia Institute of Technology
China
and Emory University
Atlanta
Yu Guo Weng
Georgia
German Heart Center Berlin
USA
Berlin
Germany
Jointly published with People’s Medical Publishing House
ISBN 978-981-10-8434-8 ISBN 978-981-10-8435-5 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8435-5
The print edition is not for sale in China Mainland. Customers from China Mainland please order the
print book from: People’s Medical Publishing House.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018937883
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Preface
In recent years, many cardiac surgical atlases have
come into being in China; however, there is still no
atlas on complex congenital heart disease. It is rather
difficult to operate on functional single ventricle and
left ventricular hypoplasia syndromes, the former
being widely addressed in China, while the latter is
less common. Despite this difficulty, there is still a lack
of a systematic and complete surgical atlas related to
these syndromes. The chief editors, Bin Qiao, Zhong
Min Liu, Yu Guo Weng, and Ajit P. Yoganathan, are
specialists in the fields of cardiac surgery and
biomedical engineering. They have compiled the book
Surgical Atlas of Functional Single Ventricle and Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
by combining their clinical practical experience with the latest international
developments.
As the old Chinese sayings go “A picture is worth a thousand words” and “Seeing
is believing.” This atlas, with a total of 202 color pictures and 56,000 words, brings
together the wisdom and experience of the editors; it is based on clinical cardiac
needs and more clearly reflects both anatomical morphology and surgical proce-
dures and precautions due to its combination with current clinical practice. This
atlas is illustrated concisely and clearly to be convenient for a majority of clinicians,
cardiac surgeons, and medical teachers and students.
vii
viii Preface
Furthermore, the addition of the fluid mechanics section is intended to introduce
the cutting-edge concepts and techniques related to the optimization of the surgical
process. I believe that the realization of operative simulations and assessments will
rapidly develop the field of heart surgery.
The atlas includes novel topics and exciting content that have been condensed by
the editors who have many years of valuable clinical experience. I am convinced
that the publication of this atlas will be welcomed by readers, so I am writing this
preface to recommend the book!
Jinan, China Zengwei Wang
Nov, 2014
Contents
Part I Functional Single Ventricle
1 Etiologic Classification of Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Bin Qiao and Hong Yan Wang
2 Anatomical Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Bin Qiao and Na Li
3 Septation of the Single Ventricle: Corrective Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Bin Qiao, Jing Huang, and Na Li
4 Classic Glenn Surgery: Early Palliative Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Bin Qiao and Meng Zhu
5 Bidirectional Glenn Shunt: Stage I Palliative Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Bin Qiao and Ji Feng Ju
6 Qiao’s Surgery: Qiao’s Modified Bidirectional Glenn Shunt
and Incomplete Fontan Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Bin Qiao and Tong Jian Wang
7 The Basic Concepts of Traditional Fontan Surgery: Systemic
and Pulmonary Circulation Shunt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Bin Qiao and Hai Jie Li
8 Original Fontan Surgery: One-time Cavopulmonary Connection . . . 51
Bin Qiao and Feng Quan Zhang
9 Kreutzer Modified Surgery: Right Atrium Appendage
Pulmonary Artery Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Bin Qiao, Yan Song Ning, and Zhi Yong Zhang
10 Björk Modified Surgery: Right Atrium Right Ventricle
Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Bin Qiao, Wen Yuan Duan, and Yi Fei Hua
ix
x Contents
11 Norwood Modified Surgery: Right Atrium Pulmonary
Artery Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Bin Qiao and Shi Feng Liu
12 de Leval Modified Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Bin Qiao and Bao Wei Shao
13 Staged Fontan Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Bin Qiao and Yan Song Ning
14 Hemi-Fontan Surgery and Intra-atrial Lateral Tunnel Fontan
Surgery: Staged Right Atrium Pulmonary Artery Connection . . . . . 77
Bin Qiao and Jian Shi Liu
15 Extracardiac Conduit Full Fontan Surgery:
Total Cavopulmonary Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Bin Qiao and Tong Jian Wang
16 Intra-atrial Lateral Tunnel versus Extracardiac Conduit
and Fenestrated Total Cavopulmonary Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Bin Qiao and Zheng Xiang Wang
17 New Concepts of Dynamic Fontan Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Bin Qiao and Li Li Wu
18 Pulsating Balloon Assisted Fontan Surgery’s
Total Cavopulmonary Circulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Bin Qiao, Li Li Wu, and Yi Yan Jiang
Part II Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
19 Basic Conception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Yu Guo Weng and Bin Qiao
20 Surgical Treatment History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Yu Guo Weng and Bin Qiao
21 Pathological Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Yu Guo Weng and Bin Qiao
22 Indications and Contraindications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Yu Guo Weng and Bin Qiao
23 Stage I Norwood Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Yu Guo Weng and Bin Qiao
24 Stage I Modified Norwood Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Yu Guo Weng and Bin Qiao
25 Classic Single Fontan Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Yu Guo Weng and Bin Qiao
Contents xi
26 Stage II Norwood Procedure: Hemi- Fontan Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Yu Guo Weng and Bin Qiao
27 Stage II Norwood Procedure: Bidirectional Glenn Shunt . . . . . . . . . . 149
Yu Guo Weng and Bin Qiao
28 Stage III Norwood Surgery: Fontan Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Yu Guo Weng and Bin Qiao
29 Stage I Norwood Procedure: Hybrid Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Yu Guo Weng and Bin Qiao
30 Stage II Norwood Procedure After Hybrid Therapy:
Hemi-Fontan and Bidirectional Glenn Shunt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Zhong Min Liu and Yu Guo Weng
31 Orthotopic Cardiac Transplantation for Left Ventricular
Hypoplasia Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Zhong Min Liu and Yu Guo Weng
32 Discussion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Yu Guo Weng, Bin Qiao, and Zhong Min Liu
Part III Image-Based Computational Simulation for Single
Ventricle Hemodynamics and Its Clinical Applications
33 Fundamentals of Image-Based Computational Simulation . . . . . . . . 191
Ajit P. Yoganathan and Zhenglun Alan Wei
34 Overview of Image-Based Computational Simulation
for Single Ventricle Hemodynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
Zhenglun Alan Wei and Biao Si
35 Clinical Applications of Image-Based Computational
Simulation for Single Ventricle Hemodynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Biao Si and Zhenglun Alan Wei
36 Future Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Ajit P. Yoganathan and Guang Hong Ding
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
