Surface Modification of Magnesium and Its Alloys for Biomedical Applications: Volume II: Modification and Coating Techniques

460 Pages·2015·1.62 MB·English

by  T S N S Narayanan

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Surface Modi cation of Magnesium and
its Alloys for Biomedical Applications
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(ISBN978-1-84569-640-5)
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Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials:
Number 90
fi
Surface Modi cation
of Magnesium and its
Alloys for Biomedical
Applications
fi
Volume 2: Modi cation and Coating
Techniques
Edited by
T. S. N. Sankara Narayanan, Il-Song Park
and Min-Ho Lee
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Contents
List ofcontributors xi
Woodhead PublishingSeries in Biomaterials xiii
Part One Chemical and physical modifications of magnesium
and its alloys for biomedical applications 1
1 Fluoride conversion coatingsfor magnesium andits alloys
forthebiological environment 3
Thiago F.daConceição, NicoScharnagl
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Coating formation:Mechanism and characteristics 4
1.3 Corrosionprotectionproperties 11
1.4 Conclusions and futuretrends 19
References 19
2 Phosphatetreatment ofmagnesium alloy implantsfor
biomedical applications 23
E.Zhang
2.1 Introduction 23
2.2 Degradation ofmagnesium and magnesium alloys 24
2.3 Basic requirementof surfacemodification 27
2.4 Basic phosphating process 29
2.5 The formation processof phosphatecoating andmicrostructure
evaluation 32
2.6 Anticorrosion resistance 37
2.7 In vitro biocompatibility 42
2.8 In vivo investigation 43
2.9 Future trends 52
References 52
3 Chemical solution depositionof hydroxyapatite and octacalcium
phosphatecoatings formagnesium and its alloysto improve
biocompatibility 59
SachikoHiromoto
3.1 Introduction 59
3.2 Hydroxyapatite andoctacalciumphosphatecoatings formed
by a chemical solutiondeposition technique 60
vi Contents
3.3 Morphology, crystalstructure and composition ofHAp and OCP
coatings 68
3.4 Long-term corrosion behaviour of OCP- and HAp-coated
Mg alloy ina cell culturemedium 70
3.5 Short-term cell culture test on HAp-coated Mg alloy 74
3.6 Adhesiveness ofthe HAp coating under tensile load 75
3.7 Fatiguebehaviour of HAp-coated Mg alloy 75
3.8 Summaryand futureperspectives 77
Acknowledgements 78
References 78
4 Physical vapour depositionon Mg alloysfor biomedical
applications 81
Ing Stephen Abela
4.1 Introduction 81
4.2 The physicalvapour deposition processand its limitations 81
4.3 Physicalvapour deposition atlow temperatures tosuit
magnesium alloys 83
4.4 Film structure 87
4.5 Controlling material degradation through intelligentdesign
of PVD coating 90
References 98
Part Two Mechanical and electrochemical modifications
of magnesium and its alloys for biomedical
applications 101
5 Cryogenic machining and burnishing of magnesium alloys
toimprove in vivo corrosion resistance 103
Z. Pu, O.W. Dillon, Jr.,D.A. Puelo, I.S.Jawahir
5.1 Introduction 103
5.2 Literature concerning surface integrityand corrosion
resistance ofMg alloys 104
5.3 Surface integrity in thecryogenic machining andburnishing
of AZ31Mg alloy 107
5.4 Corrosion performance ofmachined andburnished samples 118
5.5 Finite elementmodeling of grain size changes incryogenic
machining 125
5.6 Summaryand futuretrends 127
References 130
Contents vii
6 Anodicelectrodeposition ofMgO coatings to improvecorrosion
resistance in vivo 135
T. Lei
6.1 Introduction 135
6.2 Preparationand characterization of MgO coating onMg alloy 136
6.3 Conclusion 149
References 149
7 Surface modification ofmagnesium and its biodegradablealloys
by calcium orthophosphate coatings to improvecorrosion
resistance and biocompatibility 151
S.V. Dorozhkin
7.1 Introduction 151
7.2 Brief description of two major constituents 153
7.3 Brief discussionof theimportant predeposition and
postdepositionprocedures 157
7.4 Deposition techniques 162
7.5 Conclusions 179
References 180
8 Plasmaelectrolyticoxidation/micro-arc oxidationof magnesium
and its alloys 193
C. Blawert, S.P. Sah, Nico Scharnagl,M. Bobby Kannan
8.1 Introduction 193
8.2 Principles ofPEO processing 193
8.3 Coating requirements for biomedicalapplications 196
8.4 Controlling coating composition, microstructure and properties
forbiomedical applications 200
8.5 Duplex treatments 210
8.6 Performanceof PEO coatings inbiomedical applications 214
8.7 Applications 225
8.8 Summaryand conclusions 226
References 227
9 Strategiesto improvethe corrosion resistance of microarc
oxidationcoatings on magnesium andits alloys: Implications
forbiomedical applications 235
T.S.N.Sankara Narayanan, Il-SongPark, Min-Ho Lee
9.1 Introduction 235
9.2 Surface modification ofMg and its alloys bymicroarc
oxidation (MAO) 236
viii Contents
9.3 Strategies toimprovethe corrosionresistance ofMAO-coated
Mg andits alloys 237
9.4 Summaryand concluding remarks 260
Acknowledgements 261
References 261
Part Three Biomimetic modifications, surface
functionalization of biomolecules, natural,
conducting and biodegradable polymeric
coatings 269
10 Biomimetic surface modificationsof magnesium andmagnesium
alloysfor biomedical applications 271
J. Gray-Munro
10.1 Introduction 271
10.2 Modification of biodegradable magnesium alloy implant
surfaces 272
10.3 Biomimetic superhydrophobic coatings on magnesium
and its alloys 289
10.4 Conclusions 293
Acknowledgements 294
References 294
11 Surfacemodification by natural biopolymer coatings
on magnesium alloys forbiomedical applications 301
Z. Zhen, T.F.Xi, Y.F. Zheng
11.1 Introduction 301
11.2 Phyticacidmodification 302
11.3 Chitosan modification 307
11.4 Stearicacid modification 319
11.5 Gelatinmodification 323
11.6 Bovineserum albuminmodification 327
11.7 Future perspectives 329
References 331
12 Surfacemodification ofmagnesium by functionalpolymer
coatings forneuralapplications 335
C. Augello, H.Liu
12.1 Introduction 335
12.2 Current neural prosthetic devicesand their material
requirements 335
12.3 Current state anddesired material properties fornerve
regenerative devices 338
12.4 Magnesium for neural applications 339
Contents ix
12.5 Functional improvements tomagnesium 341
12.6 Polymercoating 342
12.7 Coating methods 343
12.8 Evaluationof coating 349
References 351
13 Biodegradablepolymeric coatingsfor surface modification
of magnesium-basedbiomaterials 355
M. Bobby Kannan
13.1 Introduction 355
13.2 Biodegradable polymers 356
13.3 Polymerdegradation mechanisms 357
13.4 Polymerbiocompatibility 360
13.5 Polymercoating performance 362
13.6 Hybrid coatings 367
13.7 Conclusions 372
References 373
Part Four Other methods of surface modification
of magnesium and its alloys 377
14 Cold-spray coatings on magnesium and its alloys 379
Q.Wang, M. Zhang
14.1 Introduction 379
14.2 Current challenges ofmagnesium applications 380
14.3 Applications of cold-spray coatings on magnesium alloys 382
14.4 Bonding mechanism ofcold-sprayed coatings on magnesium
and its alloys 392
14.5 Future work and potential industrial application
of cold-spray coatings on magnesium alloys 400
Acknowledgements 401
References 401
15 Biocompatiblestrontium-phosphateandmanganese-phosphate
conversion coatingsfor magnesium and its alloys 407
X.-B. Chen, K. Chong, T.B.Abbott, N. Birbilis, M.A. Easton
15.1 Introduction 407
15.2 Development ofSrPO coatings 412
4
15.3 Development ofMnPO coatings 416
4
15.4 Applications and future development 424
15.5 General discussion 425
15.6 Summary 427
References 428
Index 433