Supersymmetry, Supergravity, and Unification

539 Pages·2017·2.404 MB·English

by  Pran Nath

SUPERSYMMETRY, SUPERGRAVITY,
AND UNIFICATION
This unique book gives a modern account of particle physics and gravity based
on supersymmetry and supergravity, two of the most significant developments
in theoretical physics since general relativity. It begins with a brief overview
of the history of unification and then goes into a detailed exposition of both
fundamental and phenomenological topics. The topics in fundamental physics
include Einstein gravity, Yang–Mills theory, anomalies, the standard model,
supersymmetry,andsupergravityandtheconstructionofsupergravitycouplings
with matter and gauge fields as well as computational techniques for SO(10)
couplings. The topics of phenomenological interest include implications of
supergravity models at colliders, CP violation, and proton stability, as well
as topics in cosmology such as inflation, leptogenesis, baryogenesis, and dark
matter. The book is intended for graduate students and researchers seeking to
master the techniques for building unified models.
pran nathisMatthewsUniversityDistinguishedProfessorofPhysicsatNorth-
easternUniversityinBoston.Hehasmadepioneeringcontributionstothedevel-
opment of supergravity theory and its applications to particle physics including
the mSUGRA model. He has also contributed to the development of effective
Lagrangian methods, pion physics, current algebra, solving the U(1) problem,
dark matter and proton stability in unified models. He is the founding chair of
the Supersymmetry and Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY) con-
ference and the Particles, Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS) symposium. He is
a Fellow of both the American Physical Society and of the American Associa-
tion for the Advancement of Science, and a recipient of the Humboldt Prize in
physics.
CAMBRIDGE MONOGRAPHS ON MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
General Editors: P. V. Landshoff, D. R. Nelson, S. Weinberg
S.J.AarsethGravitational N-BodySimulations: ToolsandAlgorithms†
J.Ambjørn,B.DurhuusandT.JonssonQuantumGeometry:AStatistical FieldTheory
Approach†
A.M.AnileRelativistic FluidsandMagneto-fluids:WithApplications inAstrophysics and
PlasmaPhysics
J.A.deAzc´arragaandJ.M.IzquierdoLieGroups,LieAlgebras,Cohomology andSome
Applications inPhysics†
O.Babelon,D.BernardandM.TalonIntroduction toClassical IntegrableSystems†
F.BastianelliandP.vanNieuwenhuizenPathIntegralsandAnomaliesinCurvedSpace†
D.BaumannandL.McAllisterInflation andStringTheory
V.BelinskiandE.VerdaguerGravitational Solitons†
J.BernsteinKineticTheoryintheExpandingUniverse†
G.F.BertschandR.A.BrogliaOscillationsinFiniteQuantumSystems†
N.D.BirrellandP.C.W.DaviesQuantumFieldsinCurvedSpace†
K.Bolejko,A.Krasin´ski,C.HellabyandM-N.C´el´erierStructuresintheUniversebyExact
Methods: Formation,Evolution,Interactions
D.M.BrinkSemi-Classical Methods forNucleus-NucleusScattering†
M.BurgessClassical CovariantFields†
E.A.CalzettaandB.-L.B.HuNonequilibriumQuantumFieldTheory
S.CarlipQuantumGravityin2+1Dimensions†
P.CartierandC.DeWitt-MoretteFunctionalIntegration:ActionandSymmetries†
J.C.CollinsRenormalization: AnIntroduction toRenormalization, theRenormalization Group
andtheOperator-Product Expansion†
P.D.B.CollinsAnIntroduction toReggeTheoryandHighEnergyPhysics†
M.CreutzQuarks,GluonsandLattices†
P.D.D’EathSupersymmetricQuantumCosmology†
J.Derezin˜skiandC.G´erardMathematics ofQuantization andQuantumFields
F.deFeliceandD.BiniClassicalMeasurements inCurvedSpace-Times
F.deFeliceandC.J.SClarkeRelativityonCurvedManifolds†
B.DeWittSupermanifolds, 2nd edition†
P.G.O.FreundIntroduction toSupersymmetry†
F.G.FriedlanderTheWaveEquationonaCurvedSpace-Time†
J.L.FriedmanandN.StergioulasRotatingRelativistic Stars
Y.FrishmanandJ.SonnenscheinNon-PerturbativeFieldTheory:FromTwoDimensional
Conformal FieldTheory toQCDinFourDimensions
J.A.FuchsAffineLieAlgebrasandQuantumGroups: AnIntroduction, withApplications in
Conformal FieldTheory†
J.FuchsandC.SchweigertSymmetries,LieAlgebrasandRepresentations: AGraduateCourse
forPhysicists†
Y.FujiiandK.MaedaTheScalar-TensorTheoryofGravitation†
J.A.H.Futterman,F.A.Handler,R.A.MatznerScatteringfromBlackHoles†
A.S.Galperin,E.A.Ivanov,V.I.OgievetskyandE.S.SokatchevHarmonicSuperspace†
R.GambiniandJ.PullinLoops, Knots,GaugeTheories andQuantumGravity†
T.GannonMoonshinebeyondtheMonster:TheBridgeConnectingAlgebra,ModularFormsand
Physics†
M.Go¨ckelerandT.Schu¨ckerDifferentialGeometry,GaugeTheories,andGravity†
C.Go´mez,M.Ruiz-AltabaandG.SierraQuantumGroups inTwo-Dimensional Physics†
M.B.Green,J.H.SchwarzandE.WittenSuperstringTheoryVolume1:Introduction
M.B.Green,J.H.SchwarzandE.WittenSuperstringTheoryVolume2:LoopAmplitudes,
AnomaliesandPhenomenology
V.N.GribovTheTheoryofComplexAngularMomenta:GribovLecturesonTheoretical
Physics†
J.B.GriffithsandJ.Podolsky´ExactSpace-Times inEinstein’sGeneralRelativity†
S.W.HawkingandG.F.R.EllisTheLargeScaleStructureofSpace-Time†
F.IachelloandA.ArimaTheInteractingBosonModel†
F.IachelloandP.vanIsackerTheInteractingBoson-FermionModel†
C.ItzyksonandJ.M.DrouffeStatisticalFieldTheoryVolume1:FromBrownian Motionto
Renormalization andLatticeGaugeTheory†
C.ItzyksonandJ.M.DrouffeStatistical FieldTheoryVolume2:StrongCoupling,MonteCarlo
Methods, Conformal FieldTheory andRandom Systems†
G.JaroszkiewiczPrinciplesofDiscreteTimeMechanics
C.V.JohnsonD-Branes†
P.S.JoshiGravitational CollapseandSpacetime Singularities†
J.I.KapustaandC.GaleFinite-Temperature FieldTheory:PrinciplesandApplications,
2nd edition†
V.E.Korepin,N.M.BogoliubovandA.G.IzerginQuantumInverseScatteringMethodand
Correlation Functions†
J.KroonConformal Methods inGeneralRelativity
M.LeBellacThermalFieldTheory†
Y.MakeenkoMethods ofContemporary GaugeTheory†
N.MantonandP.SutcliffeTopological Solitons†
N.H.MarchLiquidMetals:Concepts andTheory†
I.MontvayandG.Mu¨nsterQuantumFieldsonaLattice†
P.NathSupersymmetry,Supergravity,andUnification
L.O’RaifeartaighGroupStructureofGaugeTheories†
T.Ort´ınGravityandStrings,2nd edition
T.Ort´ınGravityandStrings
A.M.OzoriodeAlmeidaHamiltonian Systems:Chaos andQuantization†
L.ParkerandD.TomsQuantumFieldTheoryinCurvedSpacetime:QuantizedFieldsand
Gravity
R.PenroseandW.RindlerSpinorsandSpace-Time Volume1:Two-SpinorCalculusand
Relativistic Fields†
R.PenroseandW.RindlerSpinorsandSpace-Time Volume2:SpinorandTwistor Methods in
Space-Time Geometry†
S.PokorskiGaugeFieldTheories,2nd edition†
J.PolchinskiStringTheoryVolume1:AnIntroduction totheBosonicString†
J.PolchinskiStringTheoryVolume2:SuperstringTheoryandBeyond†
J.C.PolkinghorneModels ofHighEnergyProcesses†
V.N.PopovFunctionalIntegrals andCollectiveExcitations†
L.V.ProkhorovandS.V.ShabanovHamiltonian Mechanics ofGaugeSystems
S.RaychaudhuriandK.SridharParticlePhysicsofBraneWorldsandExtraDimensions
A.RecknagelandV.SchiomerusBoundary Conformal FieldTheory andtheWorldsheet
ApproachtoD-Branes
R.J.RiversPathIntegralMethods inQuantumFieldTheory†
R.G.RobertsTheStructureoftheProton:DeepInelasticScattering†
C.RovelliQuantumGravity†
W.C.SaslawGravitational PhysicsofStellarandGalacticSystems†
R.N.SenCausality,Measurement TheoryandtheDifferentiableStructureofSpace-Time
M.ShifmanandA.YungSupersymmetricSolitons
H.Stephani,D.Kramer,M.MacCallum,C.HoenselaersandE.HerltExactSolutionsof
Einstein’sFieldEquations,2nd edition†
J.StewartAdvancedGeneralRelativity†
J.C.TaylorGaugeTheoriesofWeakInteractions†
T.ThiemannModernCanonical QuantumGeneralRelativity†
D.J.TomsTheSchwingerActionPrincipleandEffectiveAction†
A.VilenkinandE.P.S.ShellardCosmic StringsandOtherTopological Defects†
R.S.WardandR.O.Wells,JrTwistor GeometryandFieldTheory†
E.J.WeinbergClassical SolutionsinQuantumFieldTheory:Solitons andInstantons inHigh
EnergyPhysics
J.R.WilsonandG.J.MathewsRelativistic NumericalHydrodynamics†
† Availableinpaperback

Supersymmetry, Supergravity,
and Unification
PRAN NATH
Northeastern University, Boston
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(cid:2)c PranNath2017
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andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,
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Firstpublished2017
PrintedintheUnitedKingdombyClays,StIvesplc
A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data
Names:PranNath,1939–author.
Title:Supersymmetry,supergravity,andunification/PranNath,
NortheasternUniversity,Boston.
Othertitles:Cambridgemonographsonmathematicalphysics.
Description:Cambridge,UnitedKingdom;
NewYork,NY:CambridgeUniversityPress,[2017]|
Series:Cambridgemonographsonmathematicalphysics|
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
Identifiers:LCCN2016026402|
ISBN9780521197021(hardback;alk.paper)|
ISBN0521197023(hardback;alk.paper)
Subjects:LCSH:Supersymmetry.|Supergravity.|Unifiedfieldtheories.
Classification:LCCQC174.17.S9P732017|DDC530.14/23–dc23
LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2016026402
ISBN978-0-521-19702-1Hardback
CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof
URLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication,
anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain,
accurateorappropriate.
SUPERSYMMETRY, SUPERGRAVITY,
AND UNIFICATION
This unique book gives a modern account of particle physics and gravity based
on supersymmetry and supergravity, two of the most significant developments
in theoretical physics since general relativity. It begins with a brief overview
of the history of unification and then goes into a detailed exposition of both
fundamental and phenomenological topics. The topics in fundamental physics
include Einstein gravity, Yang–Mills theory, anomalies, the standard model,
supersymmetry,andsupergravityandtheconstructionofsupergravitycouplings
with matter and gauge fields as well as computational techniques for SO(10)
couplings. The topics of phenomenological interest include implications of
supergravity models at colliders, CP violation, and proton stability, as well
as topics in cosmology such as inflation, leptogenesis, baryogenesis, and dark
matter. The book is intended for graduate students and researchers seeking to
master the techniques for building unified models.
pran nathisMatthewsUniversityDistinguishedProfessorofPhysicsatNorth-
easternUniversityinBoston.Hehasmadepioneeringcontributionstothedevel-
opment of supergravity theory and its applications to particle physics including
the mSUGRA model. He has also contributed to the development of effective
Lagrangian methods, pion physics, current algebra, solving the U(1) problem,
dark matter and proton stability in unified models. He is the founding chair of
the Supersymmetry and Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY) con-
ference and the Particles, Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS) symposium. He is
a Fellow of both the American Physical Society and of the American Associa-
tion for the Advancement of Science, and a recipient of the Humboldt Prize in
physics.
CAMBRIDGE MONOGRAPHS ON MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
General Editors: P. V. Landshoff, D. R. Nelson, S. Weinberg
S.J.AarsethGravitational N-BodySimulations: ToolsandAlgorithms†
J.Ambjørn,B.DurhuusandT.JonssonQuantumGeometry:AStatistical FieldTheory
Approach†
A.M.AnileRelativistic FluidsandMagneto-fluids:WithApplications inAstrophysics and
PlasmaPhysics
J.A.deAzc´arragaandJ.M.IzquierdoLieGroups,LieAlgebras,Cohomology andSome
Applications inPhysics†
O.Babelon,D.BernardandM.TalonIntroduction toClassical IntegrableSystems†
F.BastianelliandP.vanNieuwenhuizenPathIntegralsandAnomaliesinCurvedSpace†
D.BaumannandL.McAllisterInflation andStringTheory
V.BelinskiandE.VerdaguerGravitational Solitons†
J.BernsteinKineticTheoryintheExpandingUniverse†
G.F.BertschandR.A.BrogliaOscillationsinFiniteQuantumSystems†
N.D.BirrellandP.C.W.DaviesQuantumFieldsinCurvedSpace†
K.Bolejko,A.Krasin´ski,C.HellabyandM-N.C´el´erierStructuresintheUniversebyExact
Methods: Formation,Evolution,Interactions
D.M.BrinkSemi-Classical Methods forNucleus-NucleusScattering†
M.BurgessClassical CovariantFields†
E.A.CalzettaandB.-L.B.HuNonequilibriumQuantumFieldTheory
S.CarlipQuantumGravityin2+1Dimensions†
P.CartierandC.DeWitt-MoretteFunctionalIntegration:ActionandSymmetries†
J.C.CollinsRenormalization: AnIntroduction toRenormalization, theRenormalization Group
andtheOperator-Product Expansion†
P.D.B.CollinsAnIntroduction toReggeTheoryandHighEnergyPhysics†
M.CreutzQuarks,GluonsandLattices†
P.D.D’EathSupersymmetricQuantumCosmology†
J.Derezin˜skiandC.G´erardMathematics ofQuantization andQuantumFields
F.deFeliceandD.BiniClassicalMeasurements inCurvedSpace-Times
F.deFeliceandC.J.SClarkeRelativityonCurvedManifolds†
B.DeWittSupermanifolds, 2nd edition†
P.G.O.FreundIntroduction toSupersymmetry†
F.G.FriedlanderTheWaveEquationonaCurvedSpace-Time†
J.L.FriedmanandN.StergioulasRotatingRelativistic Stars
Y.FrishmanandJ.SonnenscheinNon-PerturbativeFieldTheory:FromTwoDimensional
Conformal FieldTheory toQCDinFourDimensions
J.A.FuchsAffineLieAlgebrasandQuantumGroups: AnIntroduction, withApplications in
Conformal FieldTheory†
J.FuchsandC.SchweigertSymmetries,LieAlgebrasandRepresentations: AGraduateCourse
forPhysicists†
Y.FujiiandK.MaedaTheScalar-TensorTheoryofGravitation†
J.A.H.Futterman,F.A.Handler,R.A.MatznerScatteringfromBlackHoles†
A.S.Galperin,E.A.Ivanov,V.I.OgievetskyandE.S.SokatchevHarmonicSuperspace†
R.GambiniandJ.PullinLoops, Knots,GaugeTheories andQuantumGravity†
T.GannonMoonshinebeyondtheMonster:TheBridgeConnectingAlgebra,ModularFormsand
Physics†
M.Go¨ckelerandT.Schu¨ckerDifferentialGeometry,GaugeTheories,andGravity†
C.Go´mez,M.Ruiz-AltabaandG.SierraQuantumGroups inTwo-Dimensional Physics†
M.B.Green,J.H.SchwarzandE.WittenSuperstringTheoryVolume1:Introduction
M.B.Green,J.H.SchwarzandE.WittenSuperstringTheoryVolume2:LoopAmplitudes,
AnomaliesandPhenomenology
V.N.GribovTheTheoryofComplexAngularMomenta:GribovLecturesonTheoretical
Physics†
J.B.GriffithsandJ.Podolsky´ExactSpace-Times inEinstein’sGeneralRelativity†
S.W.HawkingandG.F.R.EllisTheLargeScaleStructureofSpace-Time†
F.IachelloandA.ArimaTheInteractingBosonModel†
F.IachelloandP.vanIsackerTheInteractingBoson-FermionModel†
C.ItzyksonandJ.M.DrouffeStatisticalFieldTheoryVolume1:FromBrownian Motionto
Renormalization andLatticeGaugeTheory†
C.ItzyksonandJ.M.DrouffeStatistical FieldTheoryVolume2:StrongCoupling,MonteCarlo
Methods, Conformal FieldTheory andRandom Systems†
G.JaroszkiewiczPrinciplesofDiscreteTimeMechanics
C.V.JohnsonD-Branes†
P.S.JoshiGravitational CollapseandSpacetime Singularities†
J.I.KapustaandC.GaleFinite-Temperature FieldTheory:PrinciplesandApplications,
2nd edition†
V.E.Korepin,N.M.BogoliubovandA.G.IzerginQuantumInverseScatteringMethodand
Correlation Functions†
J.KroonConformal Methods inGeneralRelativity
M.LeBellacThermalFieldTheory†
Y.MakeenkoMethods ofContemporary GaugeTheory†
N.MantonandP.SutcliffeTopological Solitons†
N.H.MarchLiquidMetals:Concepts andTheory†
I.MontvayandG.Mu¨nsterQuantumFieldsonaLattice†
P.NathSupersymmetry,Supergravity,andUnification
L.O’RaifeartaighGroupStructureofGaugeTheories†
T.Ort´ınGravityandStrings,2nd edition
T.Ort´ınGravityandStrings
A.M.OzoriodeAlmeidaHamiltonian Systems:Chaos andQuantization†
L.ParkerandD.TomsQuantumFieldTheoryinCurvedSpacetime:QuantizedFieldsand
Gravity
R.PenroseandW.RindlerSpinorsandSpace-Time Volume1:Two-SpinorCalculusand
Relativistic Fields†
R.PenroseandW.RindlerSpinorsandSpace-Time Volume2:SpinorandTwistor Methods in
Space-Time Geometry†
S.PokorskiGaugeFieldTheories,2nd edition†
J.PolchinskiStringTheoryVolume1:AnIntroduction totheBosonicString†
J.PolchinskiStringTheoryVolume2:SuperstringTheoryandBeyond†
J.C.PolkinghorneModels ofHighEnergyProcesses†
V.N.PopovFunctionalIntegrals andCollectiveExcitations†
L.V.ProkhorovandS.V.ShabanovHamiltonian Mechanics ofGaugeSystems
S.RaychaudhuriandK.SridharParticlePhysicsofBraneWorldsandExtraDimensions
A.RecknagelandV.SchiomerusBoundary Conformal FieldTheory andtheWorldsheet
ApproachtoD-Branes
R.J.RiversPathIntegralMethods inQuantumFieldTheory†
R.G.RobertsTheStructureoftheProton:DeepInelasticScattering†
C.RovelliQuantumGravity†
W.C.SaslawGravitational PhysicsofStellarandGalacticSystems†
R.N.SenCausality,Measurement TheoryandtheDifferentiableStructureofSpace-Time
M.ShifmanandA.YungSupersymmetricSolitons
H.Stephani,D.Kramer,M.MacCallum,C.HoenselaersandE.HerltExactSolutionsof
Einstein’sFieldEquations,2nd edition†
J.StewartAdvancedGeneralRelativity†
J.C.TaylorGaugeTheoriesofWeakInteractions†
T.ThiemannModernCanonical QuantumGeneralRelativity†
D.J.TomsTheSchwingerActionPrincipleandEffectiveAction†
A.VilenkinandE.P.S.ShellardCosmic StringsandOtherTopological Defects†
R.S.WardandR.O.Wells,JrTwistor GeometryandFieldTheory†
E.J.WeinbergClassical SolutionsinQuantumFieldTheory:Solitons andInstantons inHigh
EnergyPhysics
J.R.WilsonandG.J.MathewsRelativistic NumericalHydrodynamics†
† Availableinpaperback