Table Of ContentCPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U)-Analysis
On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI-U rose 0.4 percent in January, following an increase of 0.2 percent in
December. The energy index registered its second consecutive large increase, advancing 1.9 percent in January
after increasing 1.1 percent in December. The index for petroleum-based energy rose 4.2 percent in January,
following an increase of 2.0 percent in December. The food index increased 0.1 percent, the same as in December.
Excluding food and energy, the CPI-U rose 0.3 percent, following increases of 0.1 percent in each of the 2
preceding months. Larger increases in the indexes for apparel and upkeep and for shelter, coupled with the
substantially smaller decline in the index for airline fares, were responsible for the acceleration in this index
from December to January.
NEXT CPI RELEASE: FEBRUARY DATA ON MARCH 15, 8:30 A.M. (EST). TRY OUR CPI QUICKLINE at 202-606-6994.
Notice: CPI data are now available on the Internet worldwide computer network. Using GOPHER or Anonymous FTP
access, the BLS Internet address is "stats.bls.gov"; or access data through the BLS home page on the World Wide
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Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers
(CPI-W): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group
(1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted)
CPI-U CPI-W
Unad- Unadjusted Seasonally Unad- Unadjusted Seasonally
justed percent change to adjusted justed percent change to adjusted
indexes Jan. 1 996 f rom- percent indexes Jan. 1996 f rom- percent
Jan . Jan . Dec . change f rom- Jan . Jan. Dec . change f rom
1996 1995 1995 Dec. to Jan. 1996 1995 1995 Dec. to Jan
Expenditure category
All items .. 16 4.4 2.7 0.6 0.4 151.7 2.6 0.5 0.4
All items (1967=100) . 462.5 - 451.9 -
Food and beverages . 151.4 2.4 . 7 . 1 150.8 2.4 . 7 . 1
Food . 151.0 2.4 . 7 . 1 150.5 2.5 . 7 . 1
Food at home . 151.9 2.5 1 . 1 .0 151.0 2.6 1 .0 .0
Cereals and bakery products . 17 1.5 4.2 1.2 .9 17 1.2 4.2 1 . 2 1 .0
Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs . 142.8 4.0 .6 . 1 142.5 3.9 .6 . 1
Dairy products . 136.3 2 . 7 1 .0 . 2 136.1 2.8 1.0 .4
Fruits and vegetables . 181.5 .6 2.0 -1.0 180.0 . 7 1 .7 -1 . 1
Other food at home . 141.8 1 . 1 .9 . 1 141.4 1 . 2 .9 .0
Sugar and sweets . 141.4 4.4 2.1 1 .4 141.3 4.3 2 . 1 1 . 3
Fats and oils . 139.7 2.4 1 .6 .3 139.6 2.4 1 . 7 .4
Nonalcoholic beverages . 130.0 -2 . 5 .4 - . 8 129.5 -2.0 .5 -.7
Other prepared food . 153.1 2 . 5 . 7 .3 152.9 2.5 . 7 .2
Food away from home . 150.6 2.2 . 1 . 1 150.6 2 . 2 .2 . 2
Alcoholic beverages . 155.6 2.4 .5 .4 15 5.0 2 . 2 .5 .4
Housing . 150.6 2.9 .6 .3 147.5 2.8 .5 .3
Shelter . 168.6 3.5 . 7 .4 163.9 3.3 .5 .3
Renters' costs 1/ . 176.6 3.5 2.0 . 7 154.4 3.0 1.2 .5
Rent, residential . 160.0 2.5 .3 .3 159.7 2.6 . 3 .3
Other renters' costs . 206.5 5.9 6.3 1.6 205.5 5 . 2 5.9 1 . 3
Homeowners' costs 1/ . 174.3 3 . 5 .2 . 2 159.0 3 . 5 . 2 . 2
Owners' equivalent rent 1/ . 174.7 3.6 .2 . 3 159.3 3.6 . 2 . 2
Household insurance 1/ . 158.0 1 . 3 -.2 -.3 145.0 1 . 3 -.4 -.3
Maintenance and repairs' 2/ . 136.3 2.4 -.2 -.2 135.5 2.0 -.2 -.2
Maintenance and repair services 2/ . 142.1 3.5 .0 .0 144.6 2.9 -.1 -. 1
Maintenance and repair
commodities 2/ . 128.6 .9 -.4 -.4 123.6 .9 -.5 -.5
Fuel and other utilities . 124.7 1.5 .8 .5 124.2 1 .4 . 7 .4
Fuels . 112.2 1 . 4 1 . 2 .6 111.4 1.2 1 . 1 .6
Fuel oil and other household fuel
commodities . 97.6 9.2 8.9 7.5 97.4 9.1 8.8 7.4
Gas (piped) and electricity (energy
services). 118.7 . 6 . 3 -.2 118.0 .5 .4 .0
Other utilities and public
services 2/ . 154.4 1.5 .3 .3 154.8 1.6 .3 .3
Household furnishings and operation .... 124.1 1 .9 . 2 . 2 122.8 1.9 . 3 . 2
Housefurnishings . 111.4 .8 . 3 .3 110.0 . 7 .3 . 2
Housekeeping supplies . 140.4 4.9 .4 .4 140.6 4.8 .5 . 5
Housekeeping services . 145.7 2 . 3 .3 .0 149.0 2.3 . 3 -.1
Apparel and upkeep . 130.0 .5 -.5 . 7 129.1 .6 -.3 . 7
Apparel commodities . 126.5 .4 -.5 .7 125.8 .6 -.3 .8
Men's and boys' apparel . 124.7 .6 -1.0 1 .1 124.8 1 . 1 -.8 1 .0
Women's and girls' apparel. 123.4 .3 -1.0 1.3 122.3 . 9 -.8 1 . 5
Infants' and toddlers' apparel 2/ .... 13 1.5 1 .9 2.2 2.2 132.3 1 .5 1.9 1 .9
Footwear . 123.4 -.5 -.6 -.6 123.9 -.4 -.9 -.9
Other apparel commodities . 151.7 1 . 1 2 . 1 -.6 149.1 .0 2.6 -.7
Apparel services 2/ . 158.2 .8 .3 .3 157.6 . 7 .3 .3
Transportation . 139.9 1.9 .6 . 7 139.7 2.0 .6 .9
Private transportation . 137.4 1 . 9 . 6 .8 138.0 2 . 1 . 6 .9
New vehicles . 143.2 1 . 8 .3 . 1 144.2 2 . 1 .3 . 2
New cars . 14 1.1 1 . 5 . 3 . 1 140.8 1 . 6 . 3 . 1
Used cars . 157.9 3.6 -.2 .8 158.9 3.9 -. 1 . 9
Motor fuel . 98.6 - . 1 2.3 3 .8 98.6 . 1 2 . 3 3 . 7
Gasoline . 98.2 _ o 2.3 3 . 7 93.2 -. 1 2.4 4.0
Maintenance and repairs .. 156.2 2.8 . 3 .4 157.1 2.9 . 3 . 4
Other private transportation . 172.7 2.3 . 2 -. 1 168.5 2.3 . 1 -. 1
Other private transportation
commodities . 105.4 1 . 2 .2 .0 104.6 1 . 2 . 2 .0
Other private transportation
services . 188.5 2.4 . 1 -.1 184.6 2.6 . 1 -.1
Public transportation . 17 1.6 1 .9 .5 -.5 169.6 2.9 .4 -.4
Medical care . 225.2 4.0 .6 .4 224.5 4.0 .6 .4
Medical care commodities . 207.7 2 . 3 .5 . 5 205.4 2 . 2 .6 .6
Medical care services . 229.3 4.3 . 7 .4 228.9 4.4 . 7 . 3
Professional medical services . 205.0 4.0 .5 . 3 206.0 4.0 .5 . 2
Entertainment . 157.0 3 . 2 . 5 .3 154.7 3 . 1 .6 .4
Entertainment commodities . 141.4 2.8 . 5 . 3 140.3 2.6 .6 .4
Entertainment services . 175.5 3 .6 .5 . 2 175.5 3.7 . 5 .4
Other goods and services . 212.0 4.4 .4 .2 209.0 4.2 .4 . 2
Tobacco and smoking products . 229.3 3 . 2 .5 -.3 229.3 3 . 1 . 4 -.3
Personal care 2/ . 149.1 2 . 3 . 1 . 1 149.1 2 . 1 . 1 . 1
Toilet goods-and personal care
appliances 2/ . 143.7 1 . 1 -.3 -.3 144.4 .9 -.2 -.2
Personal care services 2/ . 155.0 3 . 7 .5 . 5 154.9 3.6 . 5 . 5
Personal and educational expenses . 243.0 5.6 . 5 . 5 238.5 5 . 5 .5 . 5
School books and supplies . 223.8 5.6 2.2 1 .0 2 2 5 .2 5.5 2 . 2 1 . 1
Personal and educational services .... 244.7 5.6 .4 .4 239.8 5.5 .4 . 4
Commodity and service group
All items . 154.4 2.7 .6 .4 151.7 2.6 . 5 .4
Commodities . 137.8 2.0 • 6 . 5 137.7 2 . 1 .6 . 6
Food and beverages . 15 1.4 2.4 . 7 . 1 150.8 2 . 4 . 7 . i
Commodities less food and beverages .... 129.5 1 .6 .5 .8 129.7 1 . 8 . 5 .9
Nondurables less food and beverages .. 129.8 1 .8 .8 1.4 129.3 1 .8 .8 1.4
Apparel commodities . 126.5 .4 -.5 . 7 125.8 . 6 -.3 .8
Nondurables less food, beverages.
and appare 1 .t. 134.5 2.5 1 .4 1. 7 133.9 2.3 1.4 1 . 7
Durables . 129.3 1 . 7 .2 . 2 129.1 1 .8 . 2 .3
Services .L. 17 1.3 3 . 3 .5 .3 168.6 3 . 2 .4 . 2
Rent of shelter 1/ . 175.5 3.6 .7 .3 15 7.7 3.4 .5 .3
Household services less rent of
she Iter 1/ . 139.0 1 . 3 .3 -. 1 127.6 1 .2 .3 -.1
Transportation services . 176.8 2.4 . 3 -. 1 175.2 2.7 . 2 - . 1
Medical care services . 229.3 4.3 . 7 .4 228.9 4.4 . 7 . 3
Other services . 198.1 4.4 .4 .4 194.9 4.4 .5 .4
Special indexes
All items less food . 155.0 2.8 .5 .5 151.8 2.6 .5 .5
All items less shelter . 150.3 2.4 .5 .4 148.5 2.4 .5 . 4
All items less homeowners' costs 1/ . 155.3 2 . 5 .6 .5 142.4 2.4 . 6 . 4
All items less medical care . 150.4 2.6 .5 .4 148.3 2.6 . 5 . 4
Commodities less food . 130.6 1.8 .5 .8 130.7 1 . 9 . 5 .9
Nondurables less food . 13 1.3 1 .9 . 7 1 . 2 130.8 1 . 9 .8 1 . 3
Nondurables less food and apparel . 135.6 2.4 1 . 2 1 . 3 13 5.1 2 . 3 1 . 3 1 . 4
Nondurables . 140.7 2 . 1 .7 .8 140.4 2 . 2 .8 .8
Services less rent of shelter 1/ . 179.2 3.0 .4 . 2 159.8 3.0 .4 . 2
Services less medical care services . 165.9 3 . 1 .5 .2 163.5 3 . 1 . 4 . 2
Energy . 105.0 .8 1 .6 1 . 9 104.3 . 7 1 . 7 2 . 1
All items less energy . 161.0 2.9 .5 . 3 158.3 2.8 .4 . 3
All items less food and energy . 163.4 3.0 .4 .3 160.3 2 . 9 .4 . 3
Commodities less food and
energy commodities . 140.3 1 .9 .2 .4 139.9 2.0 .2 .4
Energy commodities . 98.7 .8 2.9 4 . 2 98.8 . 8 2.9 4.0
Services less energy services . 176.6 3.4 . 5 .3 174.2 3.4 . 5 .2
Purchasing power of the consumer dollar:
1982-84=$).00 2/ . $.648 -2.6 -.5 -.5 $.659 -2 . 7 -. 6 -. 6
1 96 7 = $1.00 2/ T. .216 .221
1/ U-population indexes on a December 1982=100 base; W- population indexes on a Dec<; mber 1984 =100 base.
"2/ Not seasonally adjusted.
Data not available.
NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole , not to any specific date.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W): Selected areas, all items index
(1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted)
CPI-U CPI-W
Indexes Percent Indexes Pe rc ent
Area change to change to
Jan. 1996 Jan. 1996
Nov. Dec . Jan . f rom- Nov. Dec . Jan. f rom-
1 995 1995 1996 Jan . 1995 1995 1995 1996 Jan . 1995
U.S. city average . 153.6 153.5 154.4 2.7 1 150.9 150.9 151.7 2.6
Region and area size _1_/
Northeast urban. 160.5 160.5 161.4 2.7 ; 158.0 158.0 158.8 2.6
Size A - More than 1.200,000 . 161.3 161.1 162.2 2.9 157.7 15 7.6 158.5 2 . 7
Size B - 500.000 to 1,200.000 . 158.3 158.6 158.7 2.i : 156.2 156.5 156.5 2 . 1
Size 0 - 50,000 to 5O0,OO0 . 158.5 158.6 159.8 2.6 ! 160.1 160.4 161.4 2.5
North Central urban . 149.5 149.5 150.2 2.8 : 146.2 146.3 147.0 2.8
Size A - More than 1,200,000 . 150.2 150.3 151.0 2.5 : 146.2 146.4 147.1 2 . 5
Size B - 360.000 to 1,200,000 . 148.1 148.0 148.6 2.9 : 144.4 144.5 145.0 2.9
Size C - 50 , OOO to 360,000 . 151.5 15 1.5 152.2 3.3 : 148.9 148.9 149.6 3 . 2
Size D - Nonmetropolitan
( 1 ess than 50,000) . 146.0 145.8 146.5 3.5 1 144.1 144.1 144.7 3.5
South urban . 150.4 150.3 15 1.1 3.o : 148.9 148.9 149.7 3.0
Size A - More than 1,200,000 . 149.7 149.5 150.4 2.6 147.8 147.S 148.6 2.6
Size B - 450,000 to 1,200.000 . 152.6 152.4 153.2 2 . 9 149.0 148.9 149.6 2 . 7
Size C. - 50,000 to 450,000 . 150.4 150.3 15 1.1 3.7 : 150.4 150.3 15 1.1 3 . 7
Size D - Nonmetropolitan
( 1 ess than 50,000 ) . 148.9 149.1 149.9 3.2 ! 149.2 149.5 150.4 3.3
West urban . 15 4.4 154.3 155.3 ? 2 ! 151.4 151.3 152.2 2.0
Size A - More than 1,250,000 . 154.4 154.4 155.4 i. 6 150.0 150.0 150.9 1 . 6
Size C - 50,000 to 330,0(30 . 158.4 158.6 159.8 3.7 : 15 5.4 155.5 156.6 3.4
Size classes
A 2/ . 138.7 138.6 139.5 2.4 ; 137.7 137.7 138.5 2.4
B T. 153.5 153.4 153.9 2.7 : 150.7 150.7 151.1 2.6
C . 15 3.5 153.5 154.4 3.4 : 152.6 152.7 153.5 3 . 3
D . 150.0 150.1 150.9 3.4 : 149.3 149.4 150.2 3.4
Selected local areas
Chicago-Gary-Lake County, IL-IN-WI. 154.0 153.8 154.6 i.8 : 149.0 149.0 149.7 1.8
Los Ange1es-Anaheim-Riverside , CA . 154.4 154.6 155.7 . 9 ; 149.2 149.4 150.4 .9
N.Y.-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT 163.8 163.7 164.8 3 . 1 159.9 159.9 160.9 2 . 9
Phi1.-Wilmington-Trenton, PA-NJ-DE-MD .. 159.6 159.1 160.3 2 . 4 159.2 158.7 159.7 2 . 1
San Francisco-Oak 1and-San Jose, CA . 152.4 152.1 152.9 1.7 ! 149.9 149.6 150.5 1 .6
Baltimore, MD . 151.1 _ 151.6 2.0 1 149.9 _ 150.3 1 .8
Boston-L awrence-Salem, MA-NH . 160.3 - 162.2 2 . 7 159.3 — 161.1 2.6
Cleveland-Akron-Ioraih, OH . 14 8.2 — 149.0 1 .6 140.6 — 141.5 1 . 8
Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FI . 150.2 - 152.0 3 . 2 14 8.2 — 150.0 3 . 2
St. Louis-East St. Louis, M0-II. . 145.7 — 147.2 3 .0 145.0 — 146.5 3.0
Washington, DC-MD-VA . 155.2 156.8 2.0 152.5 15 3.9 1 .8
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX . _ 145.5 _ _ 145.4 _ _
Detroit-Ann Arbor, MI . — 150.3 — 1 — 145.5 — —
Houston-Ga1veston-Brazoria, TX . - 140.9 - - - 140.5 - -
Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, PA . 150.0 143.7
1/ Regions defined as the four Census regions. See map in technical notes.
"27 Indexes on a December 1986 = 100 base.
Data not available.
NOTE: Local area CPI indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size
than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error.
As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term
trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the
national average CPI for use in their escalator clauses.
BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE CPI
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of the average change More detail. This news release from the Bureau of Labor Statistics
in prices over time in a fixed market basket of goods and services. of the U.S. Department of Labor provides summary data from the
Two CPIs are published: 1)The CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI- Consumer Price Index. The full release is available electronically
U) which covers about 80 percent of the total population and 2) the at release tome. For Information, call 202-606-5902. CPI data also
CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) which are available on diskette and tape. For information, call 202-606-
covers 32 percent of the total population.The CPI is based on prices 7000. If you have any questions about the CPI, please write to the
of food, clothing, shelter, transportation, medical care, and other goods Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of Consumer Prices and Price
and services that people buy for day-to-day living. In calculating the Indexes, Room 3615PSB, Washington, DC 20212, or call 202-606-
Index, price changes for the various items in 85 locations are averaged 7000. Full detail is available in the monthly periodical CPI Detailed
together with weights which represent their importance in the spending Report, available for $24 per year from New Orders, Government
of the appropriate population group. Indexes for different months are Printing Office, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. This
usually compared in relative terms. Thus, an index of 133.5 is 1.063 information will be made available to sensory inpaired individulas
times higher than an index of 125.6 (133.5/125.6=1.063); in other upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-STAT, TDD phone: 202-606-
words, prices increased 6.3percent. The CPI is used as an indicator 5897, TDD Message Referral Phone: 1-800-326-2577. For a
of inflation, a deflator of other economic series, and as an escalator recorded message of summary CPI data, call 202-606-STAT.
for income payments.
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CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U)-Analysis
On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI-U rose 0.2 percent in February, following an increase of 0.4 percent in
January. The energy index continued to advance—up 0.4 percent in February—but by substantially less than in
December and January. The index for petroleum-based energy, which rose 4.2 percent in January, fell 0.2 percent
in February. The index for energy services increased 0.8 percent, following a 0.2 percent decline in January.
The food index increased 0.1 percent, the same as in each of the 2 preceding months. Excluding food and energy,
the CPI-U rose 0.2 percent after rising 0.3 percent in January. Within this index, a downturn in the index for
apparel and upkeep, coupled with a smaller increase in shelter costs, helped to offset a sharp upturn in the index
for airline fares.
NEXT CPI RELEASE: MARCH DATA ON APRIL 12, 8:30 A.M. (EDT). TRY OUR CPI QUICKLINE at 202-606-6994.
Notice: CPI data are now available on the Internet worldwide computer network. Using GOPHER or Anonymous FTP
access, the BLS Internet address is "stats.bls.gov"; or access data through the BLS home page on the World Wide
Web at "http://stats.bls.gov" (There is no charge from BLS for this service. Any cost is incurred through your
Internet service provider.) The BLS help desk E-Mail I.D. is "[email protected]"
Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers
(CPI-W): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group
(1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted)
CPI-U CPI-W
Unad- Unadjusted Seasonally Unad- Unadjusted Seasonally
justed percent change to adjusted justed percent change to adjusted
indexes Feb. 1996 from- percent indexes Feb. 1996 from- percent
Feb . Feb . Jan . change from- Feb . Feb . Jan . change f rom
1996 1995 1996 Jan. to Feb. 1996 1995 1996 Jan. to Feb
Expenditure category
. . . .
All items . 154.9 2 . 7 0 3 0 2 152.2 2.6 0 3 0 2
All items (1967=100) . 464.2 - 453 .2 -
Food and beverages . 151.3 2 . 4 -. 1 . 1 150.7 2.3 - . 1 . 1
Food . 150:8 2 . 3 -. 1 . 1 150.3 2 . 3 - . 1 . 1
Food at home . 151.4 2.4 -.3 .0 150.5 2 . 3 -. 3 -.. 0
Cereals and bakery products . 172.1 3.8 . 3 - . 1 171.7 3 . 7 . 3 1
.
Meats, poultry, fisn, and eggs . 142.4 3 . 5 -.3 .0 142.1 3.4 - . 3 - 1
Dairy products . 137.2 3.9 . 7 1 .0 136.9 3 . 9 .6 1 .0
Fruits and vegetables . 177.7 . 3 -2 . 1 -. 1 176.5 .4 -1.9 - . 2
Other food at home . 141.9 .9 . 1 - . 2 141.5 . 9 . 1 - . 1
Sugar and sweets . 141.6 4.3 . 1 . 1 141.6 4 . 3 . 2 . 1
Fats and oils . 139.7 2 . 1 .0 -- .. 2 139.6 2 .. 1 - .. 0 -.2
Nonalcoholic beverage.s . 129.9 -2..8 -.. 1 7 129.4 -2 6 1 -..8
Other prepared fo.od 153.4 2 . 5 2 .0 153.2 2 .. 5 .. 2 . 1
Food away from home. 150.9 2 2 .. 2 .. 3 150.9 2 . 3 . 2 . 3
Alcoholic beverages 156.7 2.8 7 5 156.1 2 7 7 5
. . . .
Housing . 151.2 2.9 .. 4 . 2 148.0 2.. 8 3 . 1
Shelter .. 169.4 3.. 4 . 5 . 2 164.6 3 . 3 .4 . 1
ReRnetnert,s ' recsoisdtesn T1/i al .. 1176 80..84 32 ..6 4 1 .. 23 .. 23 116506..10 32 ..6 1 1... 03 . 33
Other renters' costs. 2 14.1 5 . 5 3 7 2 214.0 5 5 4 1 .. s
HoOmweonwernse' rse' qcuoivstasl en1t/ rent .1/ . 117745..60 33 . 45 .. 22 . 2O 115599..35 33 ... 44 ... 21 .. ii
Household insurance 1/ . 158.6 1 .6 . 4 .. 4 145.6 1 . 5 . 4 . 5
Maintenance and repair? 2/ . 137,0 2.. 4 . 5 . 5 135.7 1 9 . 1 . 1
Maintenance and repair services 2/ 143.0 3 7 6 6 145.0 3 .0 3 3
Maintenance and repair
commodities 2/ . 128.8 . 5 f 2 . 2 123.8 . 7 . 2 .2
.
Fuel and other utiliTies 125.0 2.0 . 2 .6 124.6 2.0 . 3 .6
Fuels . 112.5 1 .9 . 3 . 7 111.8 1 . 9 .4 . 7
Fuel oil and other household fuel
.
commodities . 97.7 9.0 1 . 2 97.6 9 . 1 .2 . 3
Gas (piped) and electricity (energy
services). 119.1 1 .3 . 3 .8 118.4 1 . 3 .3 .8
Other utilities and public
services 2/ . 154.9 2.0 . 3 . 3 155.4 2 . 1 .. 4 .4
Household furnishings and operation .... 124.3 1 . 6 . 2 - . 2 122.9 1 .. 4 . 1 -.2
Housefurnishings . 111.4 .. 3 .0 -.4 110.0 1 . 0 - . 3
Housekeeping supplies . 140.4 4 3 .0 -.2 140.7 4.4 1 -.. 1
Housekeeping services . 146.3 2 . 5 . 4 . 2 149.4 2 . 3 . 3 1
.
Apparel and upkeep . 13 1.2 1 . 9 -.9 130.2 . 2 .9 - . 7
Apparel commodities . 127,8 . 1 1 .0 -1.0 127.0 . 2 1 .0 -.8
Men's and boys' apparel . 126.4 .6 1 . 4 . 2 126.3 . 9 1 . 2 . 2
Women's and girls' apparel. 124.6 -1.0 1 .0 -2 . 5 123.3 -.8 .8 -2 . 3
Infants' and toddlers' apparel 2/ .... 134.4 6.0 2 . 2 2 . 2 135.3 6.5 2 . 3 2 . 3
Footwear . 12 5.8 .8 1 . 9 1.4 126.3 . 8 1 . 9 1 . 3
Other apparel commodities . 149.7 -.5 -1 . 3 -2 .. 1 146.9 -1.9 -1.5 -1.8
Apparel services 2/ . 158.5 .8 . 2 2 157.9 . 7 . 2 . 2
. .
Transportation . 140.4 2 1 . 4 5 140.0 2 . 1 . 2 . 3
PrNivewa tev ethriacnlessp o.rtation . 113473..55 21 .. 09 .. 21 . 23 114348..50 o1 .99 .. 02 .. 21
. . . . . .
New cars . 141.3 1 .. 6 - . 1 3 141.0 i 7 1 3
Used cars . 157..5 2 . 7 3 .7 158.. 6 3.. 0 -.2 - .. 8
Motor fuel . 98 2 . 2 -.4 -- ..2 98 1 . 3 -.5 5
Gasoline 97.8 1 -.4 3 97.8 3 -.4 -.5
. . . . . .
Maintenance and repairs 156.6 2 7 3 1 157.6 2 8 .3 1
Other private transportation . 173.2 2 . 2 . 3 .4 168.8 2 . 1 . 2 . 2
Other private transportation . .
commodities . 105.4 .8 .0 1 104.6 . 8 .0 2
Other private .transportation . . . . . .
services 189.2 2 5 4 5 185.0 2 3 2 2
. . .
Public transportation 177.4 4.4 3.4 3 3 174.6 4.9 2 9 2.4
. . . .
Medical care . 226.2 3.. 8 .4 . 2 225 .6 3.8 5 2
Medical care commoditie.s 208.5 2 . 5 .4 . 2 206.1 2.. 4 .3 .. 0
Medical care services . 230.3 4 1 .4 2 2 30 .1 4 .2 .5 2
Professional medical services 206.1 3 .8 .5 .2 207.2 3 9 . 6 .4
Entertainment . 158.3 3.8 .8 . 8 156.0 3 . 7 .8 .8
Entertainment commodities . 142.5 3 . 7 . 8 .8 141.4 3 . 4 . 8 . 9
Entertainment services . 177.0 4.0 .9 . 7 176.9 4.0 .8 .6
Other goods and services . 2 12.6 4 . 2 .3 . 4 209.6 4.0 . 3 .4
Tobacco and smoking products . 2 29.8 3 . 2 .. 2 .. 4 2 29.8 3 . 1 .. 2 .. 4
Personal care 2/ . 149.3 2 . 1 1 1 149.2 1 . 9 1 1
Toilet goods and personal care . . .
appliances 2/ . 144,1 1 1 .. 3 .. 3 14 4.6 . 8 . 1 . 1
Personal care services 2/ . 155.2 ) . 4 1 . 1 155.1 3 . 3 . 1 . 1
PeSrscohnoaoll abnodo kse dauncda tsiounpapll ieesx pe.nses ..... 222443 ..77 55 ... 07 ... 43 .. 45 22 23 59..38 55. ..8 2 .. 33 .. 35
Personal and educational services 245 .4 5 1 3 5 240 .7 5 2 4 5
Commodity and service group
AllC oimtemmosd it.ies .. 113584..09 21 .. 97 -... 31 ... 02 115327..29 21 ... 69 -... 31 .. 62
Food and bpverages .... 151.3 2.4 . 1 - . 1 150.7 2 . 3 . 1 . l
Commodities less food and beverages .. 129,9 1 .. 6 , 3 , 1 130.0 1 6 2 . 0
NoAnpdpuarraebll esc omlemsso dfiotioeds a.nd beverages 1123 70,.38 1 . 71 1 .04 -1- .01 112279..07 1 .# 62 1 .. 03 -.80
Nondurables less food, beverages, . . . .
SeRrveDnictu ersoa fb .lesansh de .lateprp a1re/ l .. 111127739624....4326 2331 .... 4553 ... 5511 t. 420-1 11115326 8499....3404 2133 .... 4723 .. 451 ... 4233
Household servic.es less rent of
shelter 1/ 139.5 1 .8 .4 . 4 128.0 1 . 7 . 3 . 5
MTreadnicsaplo rctaarteio ns ersveircveics es. . 21 3708 ..53 42..19 1 .. 04 1 .00 213706..13 42 ..2 8 .. 65 . 5
Other services . 199.0 4 . 2 . 5 . 6 195.8 4.3 . 5 . 5
Special indexes
All items less food . 155.7 2.8 . 5 . 3 152.4 2.6 .4 . 2
All items less shelter . 15 0.8 2.4 . 3 2 14 8.9 2 . 3 . 3 2
All items less homeowners' costs 1/ . 155.9 2 . 5 . 4 o 14 2.3 2 . 4 .. 3 .. 2
All items less medical .care . 150.9 2 .. 6 . 3 -.. 2 148.7 2.6 3 2
Commodities less food 131.0 1 7 . 3 -. 1 13 1.0 1 .. 7 . 2 .0
NNoonndduurraabblleess ll.eessss ffoooodd a.nd apparel . 1133 15..89 21 ... 68 ... 42 .. 11 113315..33 21 . 85 ... 41 .. 02
Nondurables . 141.0 2 . 1 2 1 140.5 2.0 1 i
Services less rent of shelter 1/ . 180.2 3 . 1 .. 6 .6 160.5 3 .. 0 .. 4 .. 4
Services. less medical care services 166.8 3 . 2 - . 5 .4 164.2 3 . 1 -. 4 . 3
Energy . 104.9 1 2 1 .. 4 104.2 1 . 1 1 2
All items less energy 161.6 2.8 .4 2 158.8 2 7 . 3 . 2
All items less food and energy . 164.2 2.9 . 5 . 2 161.0 2.8 .4 . 2
Commodities less food and .
energy commodities. . 140..8 1 .. 7 .4 -- .. 1 140..4 1 .. 8 - .. 4 1
Energy commodities . 98 3 1 . 1 -.4 . 2 98 4 1 1 . 4 -..4
Services less energy services 177.6 3 4 .6 3 175.0 3.4 5 3
Purcha—s ing power of .the consumer dollar: . - . . .
1 982 84 = 51 .00 2./ $ .645 -2 7 5 -.5 $ 657 -2 5 -.3 -.3
1967=$1.00 2/ 7 .215 ~ .22 1
1/ U-population indexes on a December 1982=100 base; W-population indexes on a December 1984=100 base.
7/ Not seasonally adjusted.
Data not available.
NOTE : Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W): Selected areas, all items index
(1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted)
CPI-U CPI-W
Indexes Percent Indexes Percent
Area change to change to
Feb. 1996 Feb . 1996
Dec . Jan. Feb. f rora- Dec . Jan. Feb. f rom-
1995 1996 1998 Feb. 1995 1995 1996 1996 Feb . 1995
U.S. city average . 153.5 154.4 154.9 2.7 150.9 15 1.7 152.2 2.6
Region and area size 1/
Northeast urban. 160.5 161.4 162.2 2.9 158.0 158.8 159.4 2.7
Size A - More than 1,200,000 . 161.1 162.2 163.0 3.0 157.6 158.5 159.2 2.8
Size B - 500,000 to 1,200,000 . 158.6 158.7 159.2 2.2 156.5 156.5 156.9 2 . 1
Size C - 50,000 to 500,000 . 158.6 159.8 160.6 2.9 160.4 161.4 162.0 2.8
North Central urban . 149.5 150.2 150.8 2.8 146.3 147.0 147.5 2 . 7
Size A - More than 1,200,000 . 150.3 15 1.0 15 1.7 2 . 5 146.4 147.1 147.7 2 . 4
Size B - 360,000 to 1,200,000 . 148.0 148.6 149.5 3 .0 144.5 145.0 145.7 2.8
Size C - 50,000 to 360.000 . 151.5 152.2 152.4 3 . 2 148.9 149.6 149.8 3 . 2
Size D - Nonmetropolitan
(less than 50,000) . 145.8 146.5 146.9 3 . 2 144.1 144.7 144.9 3.2
South urban . 150.3 151.1 15 1.5 2.8 148.9 149.7 150.0 2.8
Size A - More than 1,200,000 . 149.5 150.4 150.6 2 . 2 147.8 148.6 148.7 2 . 3
Size B - 450,000 to 1,200,000 . 152.4 15 3.2 154.1 3 .0 148.9 149.6 150.3 2 . 7
Size C - 50,000 to 450,000 . 150.3 151.1 15 1.4 3 . 6 150.3 151.1 15 1.3 3 .6
Size D - Nonmetropolitan
(less than 50,000) . 149.1 149.9 150.1 2.7 149.5 150.4 150.4 2.7
West urban . 154.3 155.3 155.8 9.2 15 1.3 152.2 152.7 2 . 2
Size A - More than 1,250,000 . 154.4 155.4 155.9 1 .8 150.0 150.9 15 1.2 i. 7
Size C - 50,000 to 3 30 ,oOo . 158.6 159.8 160.8 3 . 7 155.5 156.6 157.6 3 . 5
Size classes
A 2/ . 13 8.6 139.5 140.0 2.4 137.7 138.5 138.9 2.4
B T. 153.4 153.9 154.7 2.8 150.7 15 1.1 15 1.8 2.6
C . 153.5 154.4 154.8 3 . 3 152.7 153.5 153.9 3 . 3
D . 150.1 150.9 151.1 3 . 1 149.4 150.2 150.3 3 . 1
Selected local areas
Chicago-Gary-Lake County, IL-IN-WI. 153.8 154.6 155.2 1 .9 149.0 149.7 150.2 1 .8
Los Ange1es-Anaheim-Riverside , CA . 154.6 155.7 156.2 1 . 1 149.4 150.4 150.9 1 . 1
N.Y.-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT 163.7 164.8 165.7 3 . 4 159.9 160.9 161.7 3 . 3
Phil.-Wilmington-Trenton , PA-NJ-DE-MD .. 159.1 160.3 161.2 2 . 2 158.7 159.7 160.5 1 .9
San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA . 152.1 152.9 153.2 1 .8 149.6 150.5 150.5 1 . 5
Baltimore, MD . _ 15 1.6 _ — _ 150.3 _ _
Bos tori-Lawrence-S a 1 em , MA-NH . - 162.2 — - - 161.1 — -
Cleveland-Akron-Lorain, OH . - 149.0 - - - 141.5 - —
Miami-Fort. Lauderdale, FI. — 152.0 — - - 150.0 - —
St. Louis-East St. Louis, MO-IL . - 147.2 - — - 146.5 - -
Washington, DC-MD-VA . 156.8 “ - 15 3.9 “
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX . 145.5 _ 146.2 2.0 145.4 _ 145.9 9 o
Detroit-Ann Arbor, MI . 150.3 - 15 1.3 2 . 7 145.5 - 146.5 2.7
Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX . 140.9 - 141.5 1 .6 140.5 - 140.8 1 . 4
Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, PA . 150.0 15 1.1 2.6 143.7 144.7 2 . 6
1/ Regions defined as the four Census regions. See map in technical notes.
?/ Indexes on a December 1986=100 base.
Data not available.
NOTE: Local area CPI indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size
than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error.
As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term
trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the
national average CPI for use in their escalator clauses.
BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE CPI
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of the average change More detail. This news release from the Bureau of Labor Statistics
in prices over time in a fixed market basket of goods and services. of the U.S. Department of Labor provides summary data from the
Two CPIs are published: 1)The CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI- Consumer Price Index. The full release is available electronically
U) which covers about 80 percent of the total population and 2) the at release tome. For Information, call 202-606-5902. CPI data also
CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) which are available on diskette and tape. For information, call 202-606-
covers 32 percent of the total population. The CPI is based on prices 7000. If you have any questions about the CPI, please write to the
of food, clothing, shelter, transportation, medical care, and other goods Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of Consumer Prices and Price
and services that people buy for day-to-day living. In calculating the Indexes, Room 3615PSB, Washington, DC 20212, or call 202-606-
Index, price changes for the various items in 85 locations are averaged 7000. Full detail is available in the monthly periodical CPI Detailed
together with weights which represent their importance in the spending Report, available for $24 per year from New Orders, Government
of the appropriate population group. Indexes for different months are Printing Office, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. This
usually compared in relative terms. Thus, an index of 133.5 is 1.063 information will be made available to sensory inpaired individulas
times higher than an index of 125.6 (133.5/125.6=1.063); in other upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-STAT, TDD phone: 202-606-
words, prices increased6.3percent. The CPI is used as an indicator 5897, TDD Message Referral Phone: 1-800-326-2577. For a
of inflation, a deflator of other economic series, and as an escalator recorded message of summary CPI data, call 202-606-STAT.
for income payments.
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CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U)-Analysis
On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI-U rose 0.4 percent in March, following increases of 0.4 and 0.2 percent
in the first 2 months of 1996. Each of the three groups—food, energy, and all items less food and energy—
contributed to the larger advance in March. The food index, which had risen 0.1 percent in each of the 3
preceding months, increased 0.6 percent in March. A 6.0 percent rise in the index for fresh fruits and vegetables
accounted for about 85 percent of the March food increase. The energy index registered its fourth consecutive
increase—up 1.4 percent in March—after declining throughout most of 1995. The index for petroleum-based energy
increased 3.5 percent in March, more than offsetting a 0.6 percent decline in the index for energy services.
Excluding food and energy, the CPI-U rose 0.3 percent after increasing 0.2 percent in February. Within this
index, an upturn in the index for apparel and upkeep more than offset the deceleration in the indexes for public
transportation and entertainment.
NEXT CPI RELEASE: APRIL DATA ON MAY 14, 8:30 A.M. (EDT). TRY OUR CPI QUICKLINE at 202-606-6994.
Notice: CPI data are now available on the Internet worldwide computer network. Using GOPHER or Anonymous FTP
access, the BLS Internet address is "stats .bis .gov"; or access data through the BLS home page on the World Wide
Web at "http://stats.bls.gov" (There is no charge from BLS for this service. Any cost is incurred through your
Internet service provider.) The BLS help desk E-Mail I.D. is "[email protected]"
Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers
(CPI-W): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group
(1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted)
CPI-U CPI-W
Unad¬ Unadjusted Seasonally Unad¬ Unadjusted Seasonally
justed percent change to adjusted justed percent change to adjusted
indexes Mar. 1S96 from- percent indexes Mar. 1996 f r om- percent
Mar. Mar. Feb. change from- Mar. Mar. Feb . change from
1996 1995 1996 Feb. to Mar. 1996 1995 1996 Feb. to Mar
Expenditure category
AAllll iitteemmss (.1967=100) . 416565..75 - 2.8 - 0.5 - 0.4 11 415552..69 - CN 00 - 0.5 - 0.5
Food and beverages . 152.1 2.8 .5 .5 ! 151.5 2.9 .5 .5
Food .. 151.6 2.8 .5 .6 1 151.1 2.9 . 5 .6
Food at home . 152.5 3.3 .7 .9 ! 151.6 3 . 3 . 7 .9
Cereals and bakery products . 172.0 4.1 -.1 .5 1 171.6 3.9 -.1 .4
Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs . 142.6 3.0 . 1 -.2 I 142.3 3.0 . 1 -.2
Dairy products . 136.7 3.4 -.4 -.2 i 136.6 3.6 -.2 -.1
Fruits and vegetables . 183.7 5.6 3.4 4.0 ! 182.7 5.8 3.5 4.5
Other food at home . 142.4 1.2 .4 .5 ! 142.1 1 .3 .4 .5
Sugar and sweets . 142.3 4 ,3 .5 .4 ! 142.3 4.3 . 5 . 6
Fats and oils . 140.1 2.4 . 3 .5 : 139.9 2 . 3 . 2 .4
Nonalcoholic beverages . 129.7 -2.4 -.2 . 3 : 12 9.2. -2.3 -.2 . 3
Other prepared food . 154.6 2.7 .8 . 7 ! 154.4 2.8 .8 .6
Food away from home . 151.2 2 . 1 .2 . 1 : i5i.i 2.2 . 1 . 1
Alcoholic beverages . 157.4 2.8 .4 .3 : 156.8 2.7 .4 . 3
Housing . 151.7 2.9 . 3 .3 : 148.5 2.9 .3 . 3
Shelter . 170.1 ' 3.4 .4 .2 ; i65.i 3.3 . 3 . 3
Renters' costs 1/ . 180.4 3.3 .9 .3 : 157.0 3.1 .6 . 3
Rent, residential . 160.6 2.5 . 1 . 1 ! 160.3 2.5 . 1 . 1
Other renters' costs . 219.7 5.3 2.6 .9 ; 219.6 5.3 2.6 .9
Homeowners' costs 1/ . 175.0 3.4 *» . 2 : 159.6 3.4 o . 3
Owners' equivalent rent 1/ . 175.3 3.4 ! 2 . 2 : 159.8 3.4 ; 2 . 3
Household insurance 1/ .T. 159.1 1 . 3 . 3 .3 ! 145.9 1 . 2 . 2 . 1
Maintenance and repairs' 2/ . 137.5 2.5 .4 .4 : 136.3 1 .9 .4 .4
Maintenance and repair-services 2_! , 143.8 3.6 .6 .6 : 145.8 2.9 .6 .6
Maintenance and repair
commodities 2/ . 129.0 .6 .2 .2 : i24.i .8 . 2 . 2
Fuel and other utilities . 125.2 2.4 .2 . 2 : 125.0 2.5 .3 .5
Fuels . 111.9 1.9 -.5 -.3 : in.5 2.2 -.3 .0
Fuel oil and other household fuel
commodities . 99.3 11.6 1 .6 2.2 : 99.1 11.5 1.5 2.1
Gas (piped) and electricity (energy
services). 118.2 .9 -.8 -.6 : ii7.9 1 . 4 -.4 -.2
Other utilities and public
services 2/ .. 156.4 3.0 1.0 1 .0 : 157.0 3.1 1.0 1 .0
Household furnishings and operation .... 124.6 1 .6 . 2 . 2 : 123.2 1 . 5 .2 . 2
Housefurnishings .. 111.7 .4 .3 .0 ! 110.2 . 3 . 2 . 1
Housekeeping supplies . 140.9 3.8 .4 .9 : i4i.3 4.0 .4 . 7
Housekeeping services . 146.6 2.6 .2 .2 : 149.6 2.4 . 1 . 1
Apparel and upkeep . 134.8 .3 2.7 .6 : 133.9 .5 2.8 .6
Apparel commodities .. 13 1.6 .2 3.0 .6 : 130.9 .5 3 . 1 .6
Men's and boys' apparel . 129.1 1 . 5 2.1 .8 : 128.9 •1.7 2 . 1 .9
Women's and girls' apparel. 129.9 -1 . 2 4.3 .2 : 128.6 -.9 4.3 . 1
Infants' and toddlers’ apparel 2j .... 133.3 4.9 -.8 -.8 : 134.7 5.7 -.4 -.4
Footwear .. 128.1 1 . 7 1.8 .8 ! 128.8 1 .6 2.0 1 .0
Other apparel commodities .. 154.7 -.2 3.3 2 . 1 : 153.7 -.6 4.6 2.4
Apparel services 2/ .. 158.9 .8 .3 .3 : 158.2 .7 . 2 .2
Transportation .. 141.2 2.3 .6 .7 1 140.9 2.4 .6 .9
Private transportation .. 138.3 2.3 .6 .8 : 138.8 2 . 3 • 6 .9
New vehicles .. 143.6 2.1 . 1 . 1 ! 144.5 2 . 1 .0 .2
New cars . 141.5 1.8 . 1 . 1 ; i4i.o 1 . 7 .0 . 1
Used cars ... 157.3 1.6 -.1 .8 : 158.3 1 . 8 -.2 .6
Motor fuel . 101.4 4.0 3.3 3.6 : 101.4 4.2 3.4 3.9
Gasoline .... 101.1 4.0 3.4 3.7 : 101.2 4.3 3.5 3.9
Maintenance and repairs .. 156.9 2.8 .2 .2 ! 157.9 2.9 . 2 .2
Other private transportation . 172.5 1.4 -.4 -.3 : 168.1 1 .1 -.4 -.2
Other private transportation
commodities .. 105.3 .7 -.1 . 1 ! 104.4 .6 -.2 -.1
Other private transportation
services ... 188.3 1 .5 -.5 -.4 i 184.1 1 . 2 -.5 -.3
Public transportation .. 178.9 2.5 .8 . 2 : 177.2 4.2 1 . 5 .8
Medical care .. 226.6 3.8 .2 .3 : 226.0 3.8 .2 .2
Medical care commodities .. 208.9 2.6 .2 . 2 ; 206.5 2 . 5 . 2 . 1
Medical care services .. 230.7 4.0 .2 .3 : 230.4 4.1 . 1 . 2
Professional medical services .. 206.5 3.7 .2 . 2 ! 207.6 3.8 .2 . 1
Entertainment .. 158.4 3.8 .1 .1 : 156.1 3.7 . 1 .0
Entertainment commodities . 142.7 3.9 . 1 . 1 ! 141.7 3 . 7 . 2 .0
Entertainment services .. 177.0 3.7 .0 .0 : 176.9 3.7 .0 . 1
Other goods and services .. 213.0 4.4 .2 .4 : 209.9 4.2 . 1 .3
Tobacco and smoking products .. 230.8 3.7 .4 .7 1 230.7 3.6 .4 .7
Personal care 2J .. 149.4 2.3 .1 . 1 : 149.3 2.2 . 1 . 1
Toilet goods and personal care
app 1 iances 2/ .. 144.0 1.3 -.1 -.1 : 144.6 1 . 2 .0 .0
Personal care services 2j . 155.3 3.4 . 1 . 1 : 155.2 3 . 3 . 1 . 1
Personal and educational expenses . 244.1 5.2 .2 .5 : 239.5 5 . 2 . 1 . 3
School books and supplies . 225.2 5.9 .2 .6 : 226.3 5.9 . 2 . 5
Personal and educational services ... 245.7 5.2 . 1 .4 ! 240.9 5.2 . 1 . 3
Commodity and service group
All items . 155.7 2.8 .5 .4 1 152.9 2.8 . 5 .5
Commodities . 139.2 2.4 .9 . 7 : i39.i 2.5 .9 . 7
Food and beverages . 152.1 2.8 .5 . 5 1 151.5 2.9 .5 . 5
Commodities less food and beverages ... 131.3 2.1 1 .1 .8 : 131.4 2.2 1 . 1 .8
Nondurables less food and beverages . 132.6 2.6 1.8 1 . 1 ! 132.2 2.9 1 . 9 1 . 1
Apparel commodities . 131.6 .2 3.0 .6 1 130.9 . 5 3 . 1 . 6
Nondurables less food, beverages,
and apparel . 136.2 3.9 1 .2 1 .6 ! 135.7 3.9 1 .3 1 .6
Durables . 129.5 1.4 . 1 .2 ! 129.3 1.4 .0 .0
Services . 172.6 3.2 .2 .2 ! 169.8 3.2 . 2 . 2
Rent of shelter 1/ .. 177.0 3.4 .4 .3 1 158.9 3 . 3 . 3 . 3
Household services less rent of
shelter 1/ . 139.6 2.0 . 1 . 2 ! 128.4 2.2 . 3 .4
Transportation services . 178.5 2.0 .0 -.1 1 176.4 2 . 1 . 1 . 1
Medical care services . 230.7 4.0 .2 .3 : 230.4 4 . 1 . 1 . 2
Other services . 199.2 4.2 . 1 . 3 : 195.9 4.2 . 1 . 2
Special indexes
All items less food . 156.5 2.9 .5 .4 : 153.2 2.8 .5 .4
All items less shelter . 151.6 2.6 .5 .5 I 149.8 2 . 7 .6 . 5
All items less homeowners' costs _1_/ . 156.9 2.8 .6 .4 1 143.7 2.7 .6 . 5
All items less medical care . 151.7 2.8 .5 .4 ! 149.5 2 . 7 . 5 . 5
Commodities less food . 132.4 2.2 1 .1 .8 1 132.4 2.2 1 . 1 .8
Nondurables less food . 134.0 2.7 1 . 7 1 .0 ! 133.6 2.8 1 .8 1 . 1
Nondurables less food and apparel . 137.3 3.7 1.0 1 . 3 ! 136.9 3.8 1 . 2 1 . 5
Nondurables . 14 2.5 2.7 1 . 1 .8 : 142.1 2.8 1 . 1 .9
Services less .rent of shelter J_/ . 180.4 3.0 . 1 . 1 1 160.7 2.9 . 1 . 1
Services less medical care services . 167.2 3.1 .2 .2 : 164.6 3 . 1 . 2 . 2
Energy . 106.1 2.8 1 . 1 1.4 : 105.8 3.2 1 . 5 1 .8
All items less energy . 162.3 2.9 .4 .3 ! 159.5 2.8 .4 .4
All items less food and energy . 164.9 2.8 .4 .3 : 161.7 2.8 .4 . 3
Commodities less food and
energy commodities . 141.9 1 .8 .8 .4 : i4i.4 1 .9 . 7 .4
Energy' commodities . 101.4 4.9 3.2 3.5 101.5 4.9 3 . 2 3 . 7
Services less energy services . 178.1 3.3 .3 . 2 ! 175.5 3 . 3 . 3 . 3
Purchasing power of the consumer dollar:
1982-84=$1.00 2/ . $.642 -2.7 -.5 -.5 1 $.654 -2.7 -.5 - . 5
1967 = 91 .00 2/ T. .214 - - - : .219 “ —
1/ 1982=100 base ; W -population indexes on a December 1984 =100 base.
V Not seasonally adjusted.
Data not available.
NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W): Selected areas, all items index
(1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted)
CPI-U CPI-W
Indexes Pe rcent Indexes Percent
Area change to change to
Mar. 1996 Mar. 1996
Jan . Feb . Mar. f rom- Jan . Feb. Mar. f rom-
1996 1996 1996 Mar. 1995 1996 1996 1996 Mar. 1995
U.S. city average . 154.4 154.9 155.7 2.8 151.7 152.2 152.9 2.8
Region and area size \_/
Northeast urban. 161.4 162.2 162.8 3.0 158.8 159.4 160.1 3.0
Size A - More than 1,200,000 162.2 163.0 163.7 3.2 158.5 159.2 160.0 3.2
Size B - 500.000 to 1.200,000 158.7 159.2 160.2 2.8 156.5 156.9 158.1 2.7
Size C - 50,000 to 500,000 .. 159.8 160.6 160.8 2 . 7 161.4 162.0 162.1 2.5
North Central urban . 150.2 150.8 151.7 3.0 147.0 147.5 148.3 2.8
Size A - More than 1,200,000 15 1.0 151.7 152.6 2.8 147.1 147.7 148.6 2.7
Size B - 360.000 to 1,200,000 148.6 149.5 150.4 2.9 145.0 145.7 146.6 2.8
Size C - 50,000 to 360,000 .. 152.2 152.4 153.1 3 . 2 149.6 149.8 150.4 3.3
Size D - Nonmetropolitan
(less than 50,000) , 146.5 146.9 147.7 3.5 144.7 144.9 145.7 3.3
South urban . 151.1 151.5 152.4 3 .0 149.7 150.0 150.8 2.9
Size A - More than 1,200,000 150.4 150.6 151.5 2.4 148.6 148.7 149.5 2.3
Size B - 450,000 to 1.200,000 153.2 154.1 155.0 3 . 1 149.6 150.3 15 1.1 2.9
Size C - 50,000 to 450,000 .. 151.1 151.4 152.2 3.8 151.1 151.3 152.0 3.8
Size D - Nonmetropolitan
(less than 50,000) . 149.9 150.1 151.6 3.4 150.4 150.4 152.1 3.7
West urban . 155.3 155.8 156.4 2.4 152.2 152.7 153.4 2.4
Size A - More than 1,250,000 155.4 155.9 156.6 2.0 150.9 151.2 152.1 2.0
Size C - 50,000 to 330,000 . 159.8 160.8 161.4 4.0 156.6 157.6 158.2 3.9
Size classes
A 2/ . 139.5 140.0 140.7 2.6 138.5 138.9 139.7 2.6
B T. 153.9 154.7 155.5 2.9 151.1 151.8 152.6 2.8
C . 154.4 154.8 155.5 3.5 153.5 153.9 154.4 3.4
D . 150.9 151.1 152.1 3.4 150.2 150.3 151.4 3.5
Selected local areas
Chicago-Gary-Lake County, IL-IN-WI. 154.6 155.2 156.3 2.4 149.7 150.2 151.3 2.4
Los Ange1es-Anaheim-Riverside , CA . 155.7 156.2 157.3 1 . 7 150.4 150.9 151.9 1 . 7
N . Y .-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT 164.8 165.7 166.5 3.5 160.9 161.7 162.5 3.4
Phi1.-Wilmington-Trenton, PA-NJ-DE-MD .. 160.3 161.2 162.0 2.5 159.7 160.5 161.3 2.4
San Francisco-Oak1and-San Jose, CA . 152.9 153.2 152.9 1.2 150.5 150.5 150.7 1 .2
Baltimore, MD . 151.6 _ 153.0 1.8 150.3 _ 151.8 1.8
Boston-Lawrence-Sa1em, MA-NH . 162.2 _ 162.8 2.8 161.1 — 161.7 3 . 1
C1 eve 1and-Akron-Lorain, OH . 149.0 — 150.9 2.4 141.5 — 143.1 2.4
Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL . 152.0 _ 152.4 2.5 150.0 — 150.3 2.5
St. Louis-East St. Louis, MO-IL . 147.2 — 148.9 3.0 146.5 — 148.0 2.8
Washington, DC-MD-VA . 156.8 - 158.4 2.1 153.9 - 155.4 2.0
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX . _ 146.2 _ _ _ 145.9 _ _
Detroit-Ann Arbor, MI . - 151.3 — — — 146.5 — —
Houston-Ga1veston-Brazoria , TX . - 141.5 - 140.8 -
Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, PA . 151.1 - - ! - 144.7
1/ Regions defined as the four Census regions. See map in technical notes.
?/ Indexes on a December 1986=100 base.
Data not available.
NOTE: Local area CPI indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size
than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error.
As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term
trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the
national average CPI for use in their escalator clauses.
BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE CPI
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of the average change More detail. This news release from the Bureau of Labor Statistics
in prices over time in a fixed market basket of goods and services. of the U.S. Department of Labor provides summary data from the
Two CPIs are published: 1)The CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI- Consumer Price Index. The full release is available electronically
U) which covers about 80 percent of the total population and 2) the at release tome. For Information, call 202-606-5902. CPI data also
CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) which are available on diskette and tape. For information, call 202-606-
covers 32 percent of the total population. The CPI is based on prices 7000. If you have any questions about the CPI, please write to the
of food, clothing, shelter, transportation, medical care, and other goods Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of Consumer Prices and Price
and services that people buy for day-to-day living. In calculating the Indexes, Room 3615PSB, Washington, DC 20212, or call 202-606-
Index, price changes for the various items in 85 locations are averaged 7000. Full detail is available in the monthly periodical CPI Detailed
together with weights which represent their importance in the spending Report, available for $24 per year from New Orders, Government
of the appropriate population group. Indexes for different months are Printing Office, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. This
usually compared in relative terms. Thus, an index of 133.5 is 1.063 information will be made available to sensory inpaired individulas
times higher than an index of 125.6 (133.5/125.6=1.063); in other upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-STAT, TDD phone: 202-606-
words, prices increased6.3percent. The CPI is used as an indicator 5897, TDD Message Referral Phone: 1-800-326-2577. For a
of inflation, a deflator of other economic series, and as an escalator recorded message of summary CPI data, call 202-606-STAT.
for income payments.
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CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U)-Analysis
On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI-U rose 0.4 percent in April, the same as in March. The energy
index registered its fifth consecutive increase—up 3.2 percent in April—after declining throughout most
of 1995, and accounted for about three-fifths of the April advance in the overall CPI-U. The index for
petroleum-based energy increased 5.2 percent in April, its largest advance since a 7.5 percent increase in
October 1990, and the index for energy services rose 1.4 percent. The food index rose 0.3 percent in
April, following an increase of 0.6 percent in March. The index for fruits and vegetables—up 1.0 percent
in April—continued to advance, but by substantially less than in March. Excluding food and energy, the
CPI-U rose 0.1 percent after increasing 0.3 percent in March, reflecting downturns in the indexes for
apparel and upkeep, entertainment, telephone services, and tobacco products.
NEXT CPI RELEASE: MAY DATA ON JUNE 12, 8:30 A.M. (EDT); TRY OUR CPI QUICKLINE: call 202-606-6994
Notice: CPI data are now available on the Internet worldwide computer network. Using GOPHER or Anonymous
FTP access, the BLS Internet address is "stats.bls.gov"; or access data through the BLS home page on the
World Wide Web at "http://stats.bls.gov" (There is no charge from BLS for this service. Any cost is
incurred through your Internet service provider.) The BLS help desk E-Mail I.D. is:
LABSTAT. helpdesk@BLS. gov"
Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers
(CPI-W): U.S, city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group
(1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted)
CPI-U CPI-W
Unad¬ Unadjusted Seasonally Unad¬ Unadjusted Seasonally
justed percent change t o adjusted justed percent change to adjusted
indexes Apr. 1996 from- percent indexes Apr. 1996 f rom- percent
Ap r . Apr. Mar. change from- Apr. Apr. Mar. change from
1996 1995 1996 Mar. to Apr. 1996 1995 1996 Mar. to Apr
Expenditure category
All items .. 156.3 2.9 0.4 0.4 ! 153.6 2.9 0.5 0.4
All items (1967=100) . 468.2 - - ! 457.6 - - -
Food and beverages . 152.7 2.6 .4 .3 : 152.2 2.6 .5 .3
Food . 152.3 2.6 .5 .3 : 151.7 2.6 .4 .3
Food at home . 153.3 2.7 .5 .3 : 152.4 2.8 .5 .3
Cereals and bakery products . 173.3 3.8 .8 .2 ! 173.0 3.8 .8 .2
Meats, poultry, fisn, and eggs . 141.8 3.0 -.6 -.2 : 141.5 3 . 1 -.6 -.1
Dairy products . 137.0 3 . 7 .2 .4 : 136.8 3.8 . 1 .4
Fruits and vegetables . 188.4 2.9 2.6 1.0 ! 187.7 3 . 1 2 . 7 .8
Other food at home . 142.8 1.3 .3 .4 1 142.4 1.4 .2 .4
Sugar and sweets . 142.2 4.0 -.1 -.1 1 142.2 4.1 -.1 -.1
Fats and oils . 139.9 2.0 -.1 -.2 ! 139.7 1.9 -.1 -.2
Nonalcoholic beverages . 129.9 -2.3 .2 .5 ! 129.4 -2.0 .2 .6
Other prepared food . 155.3 3 . 1 .5 .6 ! 155.1 3.2 .5 .6
Food away from home . 151.6 2.2 .3 .3 : i5i.6 2 . 3 .3 .3
Alcoholic beverages . 157.9 2.8 .3 .3 : 157.3 2 . 7 .3 .2
Housing . 151.8 3.0 . 1 .3 ! 148.6 2.9 .1 .3
Shelter . 170.1 3 . 3 .0 .2 165.2 3 . 2 . 1 .2
Renters' costs 1/ . 179.7 3.2 -.4 2 1 156.6 3.0 -.3 .2
Rent, residenTial . 160.9 2.5 2 '.2 I 160.6 2.5 , 9 2
Other renters' costs . 216.1 4.9 -1 '.(> .4 215.6 4.8 -1 .8 ! i
Homeowners' costs 1/ . 175.3 3 . 4 . 2 .2 : 159.8 3 . 3 . 1 . 3
Owners' equivalent rent 1/ . 175.6 3.4 T . 3 : 160.1 3.4 2 . 3
Household insurance _1_/ . 159.4 1 . 4 ‘ 1 . 3 ! 146.0 1 .0 ! i .2
Maintenance and repairs 2/ . . 138.0 2.8 ! 4 .4 1 136.8 2.3 .4 .4
Maintenance and repair services 2/ 143.8 3.5 .0 .0 1 145.9 2.8 .1 . 1
Maintenance and repair
commodities 2/ . 130.0 1 .9 .8 .8 ! 125.0 1.7 . 7 . 7
Fuel and other utilities . 125.4 2.7 2 .6 1 125.2 3.0 .2 .6
Fuels . 112.9 3.3 ! 9 1 .6 1 112.3 3.6 . 7 1 . 5
Fuel oil and other household fuel
commodities . 102.1 15.5 2.8 3.5 ! 101.6 15.1 2.5 3.2
Gas (piped) and electricity (energy
services). 118.9 2.0 .6 1.4 ! 118.5 2.5 .5 1 .4
Other utilities and public
services 2/ . 155.4 2 . 1 -.6 -.6 1 156.1 2.2 -.6 -.6
Household furnishings and operation .... 124.8 1 .8 .2 . 1 ! 123.4 1 . 6 . 2 . 1
Housefurnishings . 111.9 .6 .2 .3 ! 110.5 .5 .3 . 1
Housekeeping supplies .. 141.4 4.0 .4 .0 141.7 4.0 .3 .0
Housekeeping services .... 146.6 2.6 .0 . 1 1 149.7 2.6 . 1 .3
Apparel and upkeep . 134.9 .1 . 1 -.4 1 134.2 .4 .2 -.2
Apparel commodities .. 131.7 .0 . 1 -.4 ! 131.2 .4 .2 -. 1
Men's and boys' apparel . 129.0 1.6 -.1 -.4 ! 128.6 1.7 -.2 -.4
Women's and girls’ apparel.. 130.2 -1.5 .2 -.3 : 129.5 -.8 .7 .2
Infants' and toddlers’ apparel 2/ .... 133.7 5.2 . 3 .3 ! 134.8 5.6 . 1 . 1
Footwear . 128.2 .8 .1 -.7 : 129.0 .9 .2 -.5
Other apparel commodities . 153.5 -.6 -.8 -.8 ! 153.0 -.3 -.5 -.3
Apparel services 2.1 . 158.8 .7 -.1 -.1 ! 158.2 .6 .0 .0
Transportation . 143.1 2.9 1 . 3 1.1 ! 143.0 3.1 1 . 5 1.1
Private transportation . 140.3 3.0 1.4 1 . 1 : i4i.o 3 . 1 1.6 1 .1
New vehicles ... 14 3.5 1 .7 -.1 . 1 : 144.5 1 .8 .0 . 1
New cars . 141.3 1 .4 -.1 . 1 ! 140.9 1.4 -.1 . 1
Used cars ... 157.4 .4 . 1 -1 . 3 : 158.5 . 7 . 1 -1.0
Motor fuel .. 108.6 9.1 7 . 1 5.4 ! 108.6 9.1 7.1 5 . 1
Gasoline .. 108.2 9.0 7.0 5 . 3 108.3 9.1 7.0 5.0
Maintenance and repairs .. 157.2 2.6 . 2 . 1 ! 158.2 2.7 .2 . 1
Other private transportation . 173.0 1 . 2 .3 .5 ! 168.6 1 .0 . 3 .6
Other private transportation
commodities . 105.1 .6 -.2 -.1 ! 104.2 .5 -.2 -.1
Other private transportation
services .. 189.0 1.3 .4 .5 ! 184.8 1 . 1 .4 .7
Public transportation .. 179.3 1 . 5 .2 1.0 ! 177.5 3.0 .2 .7
Medical care . 22 7.0 3.7 .2 .3 ! 226.4 3.8 .2 .3
Medical care commodities . 209.6 2.9 .3 .4 ! 207.0 2.8 .2 .4
Medical care services . 231.1 3.9 .2 . 2 ! 230.7 3.9 . 1 .3
Professional medical services . 207.0 3.8 .2 .3 ! 208.1 3.8 .2 .3
Entertainment . 158.6 3.5 . 1 -.1 ! 156.3 3 . 3 . 1 -.1
Entertainment commodities . 142.8 3.4 . 1 -.1 i 141.8 3 .1 . 1 -.1
Entertainment services .. 177,2 3.4 . 1 .0 1 177.1 3.4 .1 .0
Other goods and services . 213.3 4.4 .1 .3 ! 210.1 4.2 .1 .3
Tobacco and smoking products . 230.5 3.4 -.1 -.2 : 230.3 3.2 -.2 .0
Personal care 2/ . . • •••••••••••••••••< 149.7 2.3 2 .2 ! 149.6 2 . 1 .2 .2
Toilet goods-and personal care
appliances 2/ . 144.2 1.4 .1 .1 ! 144.7 1 . 1 . 1 .1
Personal care services 2/ . 155.7 3 . 3 .3 .3 i 155.7 3 . 3 .3 .3
Personal and educational Expenses .. 244.6 5.4 . 2 .4 ! 240.1 5.4 .3 .5
School books and supplies .. 225.5 6.0 . 1 .4 ! 226.5 6.0 .1 .4
Personal and educational services .... 246.3 5.3 .2 .4 ! 241.5 5.4 .2 .6
Commodity and service group
All items . 156.3 2.9 .4 .4 ! 153.6 2.9 .5 .4
Commodities . 140.2 2.6 . 7 .5 ! 140.2 2 . 7 .8 . 5
Food and beverages .. 152.7 2.6 .4 .3 : 152.2 2.6 .5 .3
Commodities less food and beverages .... 132.5 2.6 .9 .7 j 132.8 2.7 1 . 1 .6
Nondurables less food and beverages .. 134.7 3 . 7 1.6 .9 ! 134.5 3.9 1.7 1 .1
Apparel commodities .. 131.7 .0 . 1 -.4 : i3i.2 .4 .2 -.1
Nondurables less food, beverages,
and apparel . 139.3 5.5 2.3 1.6 I 139.1 5.6 2.5 1 . 7
Durables . 129.5 1 . 1 .0 -. 1 : 129.4 1 . 1 . 1 -.1
Services . 172.7 3.1 . 1 .3 : i7o.o 3.2 .1 .4
Rent of shelter 1/ .. 177.0 3.3 .0 .2 ! 159.0 3.2 .1 .3
Household service’s less rent of
shelter 1/ . 139.6 2.1 .0 .4 ! 128.4 2.4 .0 .3
Transportation services .. 179.0 1.6 .3 .6 I 176.9 1.8 .3 .5
Medical care services .. 231.1 3.9 .2 .2 1 230.7 3.9 .1 .3
Other services .. 199.5 4.2 .2 .3 i 196.3 4.2 .2 .3
Special indexes
All items less food .. 157.0 3.0 .3 .4 ! 153.9 2.9 .5 .5
All items less shelter .. 152.4 2.8 . 5 .5 I 150.6 2.8 .5 .5
All items less homeowners' costs 1/ . 157.5 2.8 .4 .4 ! 144.4 2.8 .5 .5
All items less medical care .. 152.3 2.8 .4 .4 ; 150.2 2.9 .5 .4
Commodities less food .. 133.5 2.6 .8 .6 i 133.8 2.8 1 . 1 . 6
Nondurables less food . 136.0 3.6 1.5 .9 ! 135.8 3.9 1 .6 1.0
Nondurables less food and apparel .. 140.1 5 . 1 2.0 1.4 ! 139.9 5.3 2.2 1.4
Nondurables .. 143.9 3 . 1 1 .0 .6 ! 143.6 3.2 1 . 1 .6
Services less rent of shelter 1/ . 180.6 2.9 .1 .3 ! 161.0 2.9 . 2 .4
Services less medical care services . 167.3 3.0 . 1 .3 I 164.8 3.0 . 1 .3
Energy .. 110.0 5.9 3 . 7 3 . 2 ! 109.8 6.3 3.8 3.3
All items less energy .. 162.5 2.7 . 1 .2 ! 159.8 2.6 .2 .2
All items less food and energy .. 165.0 2 . 7 .1 .1 : 161.9 2.7 . 1 . 1
Commodities less food and
energy commodities .. 142.0 1 .6 .1 -.1 : i4i.6 1 . 7 .1 -.1
Energy commodities .. 108.1 9.9 6.6 5.2 ! 108.3 9.7 6.7 4.9
Services less energy services . 178.2 3.2 . 1 .3 ! 175.6 3 . 1 . 1 .2
Purchasing power of the consumer dollar:
1982-84 = $1 .00 2/ .. $.640 -2.7 -.3 -.3 ! $.651 -2.8 -.5 -.5
1967 = 51.00 2/ T. .214 - — - ! .219 — —
1/ 1982=100 base; W- population indexes on a December 1984 =100 base.
V Not seasonally adjusted.
Data not available.
NOTE : Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W): Selected areas, all items index
(1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted)
CPI-U CPI-W
Indexes Percent Indexes Percent
Area change to change to
Apr. 1996 Apr. 1996
Feb. Mar. Apr. f rom- Feb . Mar. Apr. f rom-
1996 1996 1996 Apr. 1995 1996 1996 1996 Apr. 1995
U.S. city average . 154.9 155.7 156.3 2.9 : 152.2 152.9 153.6 2.9
Region and area size 1/
Northeast urban. 162.2 162.8 162.9 2.9 ! 159.4 160.1 160.3 2.9
Size A - More than 1,200,000 . 163.0 163.7 163.6 2.9 159.2 160.0 160.0 3 . 0
Size B - 500.000 to 1.200.000 . 159.2 160.2 160.6 2.8 156.9 158.1 158.5 2.8
Size C - 50,0OO to 500,000 . 160.6 160.8 161.3 2.7 : 162.0 162.1 162.9 2 . 7
North Central urban . 150.8 151.7 152.3 2.8 1 147.5 148.3 149.0 2.8
Size A - More than 1,200,000 . 151.7 152.6 152.9 2.6 147.7 148.6 149.0 2 . 5
Size B - 360,000 to 1,200,000 . 149.5 150.4 15 1.2 2.9 145.7 146.6 147.3 2 . 7
Size C - 50,000 to 366,000 . 152.4 153.1 153.9 2.9 149.8 150.4 151.3 3.0
Size D - Nonmetropolitan
(less than 50,000 ) . 146.9 147.7 149.0 3 . 5 144.9 145.7 147.1 3.4
South urban . 151.5 152.4 153.2 3 . 2 150.0 150.8 15 1.8 3 . 3
Size A - More than 1,200,000 . 150.6 15 1.5 152.4 2.8 148.7 149.5 150.6 9 , q
Size B - 450,000 to 1,206,000 . 154.1 155.0 155.6 3 . 1 150.3 151.1 15 1.9 3 . 1
Size C - 50,000 to 450,006 . 151.4 152.2 153.1 3.9 151.3 152.0 153.0 3.9
Size D - Nonmetropolitan
(less than 50,000 ) . 150.1 151.6 152.4 3.6 150.4 152.1 152.9 3.8
West urban . 1 5.5 . 8 156.4 157.1 2 . 5 152.7 153.4 154.2 2.6
Size A - More than 1,250,000 . 155.9 156.6 15 7.3 2 . 1 151.2 15 2.1 152.9 2 . 2
Size C - 50,000 to 330,060 . 160.8 161.4 162.2 4.0 157.6 158.2 159.1 4 . 1
Size classes
A 2/ . 140.0 140.7 141.1 2.6 138.9 139.7 140.2 2 . 6
B . 154.7 15 5.5 156.1 3.0 151.8 152.6 15 3.3 3 . 0
C . 15 4.8 155.5 156.3 3 . 5 153.9 154.4 155.4 3 . 5
D . 151.1 152.1 153.0 3.6 150.3 151.4 15 2.4 3 . 7
Selected local areas
Chicago-Gary-Lake County, IL-IN-WI. 155.2 156.3 156.4 2 . 2 150.2 151.3 151.5 0 0
Los Ange1es-Anaheim-Riverside, CA . 156.2 15 7.3 157.7 1 . 9 150.9 151.9 1 5 ° . 4 1 9
N,Y.-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT 165.7 166.5 166.0 2.9 161.7 162.5 162.2 3 . 0
Phi 1.-Wilmington-Trenton, PA-NJ-DE-MD .. 161.2 162.0 162.1 2 . 7 160.5 161.3 161.3 2 . 5
San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA . 153.2 152.9 153.9 1 .6 150.5 150.7 151.9 1 . 7
Baltimore, MD . _ 153.0 _ 151.8
Boston-Lawrence-Sa 1em, MA-NH . _ 162.8 _ _ 16 1 7
C 1 eve1 and-Akron-Lorain, OH . _ 150.9 _ _ 143.1
Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL . _ 15 2.4 _ _ 150.3
St. Louis-East St. Louis, MO-IL . _ 148.9 _ _ 14 8.0
Washington, DC-MD-VA . - 158.4 - - - 155.4 - -
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX . 146.2 _ 148.5 2.4 145.9 148.6 9 8
Detroit-Ann Arbor, MI . 15 1.3 _ 152.3 2.8 146.5 14 7.6 ° 8
Houston-Ga1veston-Brazoria, TX . 14 1.5 _ 14 3.1 3 . 7 140.8 142.3 3 ' 4
Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, Pa . 151.1 152.8 2 i 6 144.7 - 146.5 2 .' 7
1/ Regions defined as the four Census regions. See map in technical notes,
?/ Indexes on a December 1986=100 base.
Data not available.
NOTE: Local area CPI indexes are byproducts of the national CPT program. Each local index has a smaller sa pie size
than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement eiinr.
As a result , .local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-tetr.
trends arc similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the
national average CPI foi use in their escalator clauses.
BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE CPI
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of the average change More detail. This news release from the Bureau of Labor Statistics
in prices over time in a fixed market basket of goods and services. of the U.S. Department of Labor provides summary data from the
Two CPIs are published: 1)The CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI- Consumer Price Index. The full release is available electronically
U) which covers about 80 percent of the total population and 2) the at release time. For Information, call 202-606-5902. CPI data also
CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) which are available on diskette and tape. For information, call 202-606-
covers 32 percent of the total population. The CPI is based on prices 7000. If you have any questions about the CPI, please write to the
of food, clothing, shelter, transportation, medical care, and other goods Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of Consumer Prices and Price
and services that people buy for day-to-day living. In calculating the Indexes, Room 3615PSB, Washington, DC 20212, or call 202-606-
Index, price changes for the various items in 85 locations are averaged 7000. Full detail is available in the monthly periodical CPI Detailed
together with weights which represent their importance in the spending Report, available for $24 per year from New Orders, Government
of the appropriate population group. Indexes for different months are Printing Office, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. This
usually compared in relative terms. Thus, an index of 133.5 is 1.063 information will be made available to sensory impaired individuals
times higher than an index of 125.6 (133.5/125.6=1.063); in other upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-STAT, TDD phone: 202-606-
words, prices increased6.3percent. The CPI is used as an indicator 5897, TDD Message Referral Phone: 1-800-326-2577. For a
of inflation, a deflator of other economic series, and as an escalator recorded message of summary CPI data, call 202-606-STAT.
for income payments.
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CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U)-Analysis
On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI-U rose 0.3 percent in May, following increases of 0.4 percent in
each of the 2 preceding months. The energy index registered its sixth consecutive increase—up 1.1
percent in May—after declining throughout most of 1995, and accounted for about one-fourth of the May
advance in the overall CPI-U. The index for petroleum-based energy increased 1.8 percent in May and the
index for energy services rose 0.1 percent. The food index rose 0.1 percent in May. The index for fruits
and vegetables, which rose sharply in March and April, declined 0.8 percent in May, offsetting increases in
the other major grocery store food groups. Excluding food and energy, the CPI-U rose 0.2 percent after
increasing 0.1 percent in April, reflecting increases in the indexes for apparel and upkeep, entertainment,
telephone services, and tobacco products, each of which had declined in April.
NEXT CPI RELEASE: JUNE DATA ON JULY 16, 8:30 A.M. (EDT); TRY OUR CPI QUICKLINE: call 202-606-6994
Notice: CPI data are now available on the Internet worldwide computer network. Using GOPHER or Anonymous
FTP access, the BLS Internet address is "stats.bls.gov"; or access data through the BLS home page on the
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Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers
(CPI-W): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group
(1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted)
CPI-U CPI-W
Unad- Unadjusted Seasonally Unad¬ Unadjusted Seasonally
usted percent change to adjusted justed percent change to adjusted
ndexes May 1996 from- percent indexes May 1996 from- percent
May May Apr. change from- May May Apr. change from-
1996 1995 1996 Apr. to May 1996 1995 1996 Apr. to May
Expenditure category
All items .. 156.6 2.9 0.2 0.3 ! 154.0 2.9 0.3 0.3
All items (1967-100) . 469.0 - - - ! 458.7
Food and beverages . 152.5 2.6 -.1 .1 ! 151.9 2.6 -.2 .1
Food . 152.0 2.5 -.2 .1 ! 151.5 2.6 -.1 . 1
Food at home . 152.6 2.6 -.5 .0 ! 151.7 2.6 -.5 .0
Cereals and bakery products . 173.6 4.2 .2 .6 j 173.3 4.2 .2 .6
Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs . 141.2 2.8 -.4 .1 ! 140.8 2.8 -.5 .0
Dairy products . 137.6 3.6 .4 .5 ! 137.4 3 . 7 .4 .6
Fruits and vegetables . 184.1 1.7 -2.3 -.8 ! 183.5 2.1 -2.2 -1.0
Other food at home . 142.9 1.5 . 1 . 1 ! 142.5 1.5 . 1 .0
Sugar and sweets . 143.5 4.5 .9 .8 i 143.5 4.5 .9 .7
Fats and oils . 140.0 2.1 . 1 .3 | 139.7 2.0 .0 . 1
Nonalcoholic beverages . 129.3 -1 .8 -.5 -.4 ! 128.8 -1.7 -.5 -.4
Other prepared food . 155.6 2.8 .2 .1 ! 155.4 2.9 .2 .0
Food away from home . 152.0 2.3 .3 .3 ! 152.0 2.4 .3 .3
Alcoholic beverages . 158.3 2.9 .3 .3 ! 157.6 2.7 .2 .3
Housing . 152.0 3.0 . 1 .2 | 148.9 3.0 .2 .2
Shelter ... 170.1 3.2 .0 . 2 ! 165.3 3.1 . 1 .2
Renters' costs 1/ . 178.9 3.0 -.4 .2 ! 156.4 2.9 -. 1 .2
Rent, residential . 161.2 2.5 .2 .3 i 160.9 2.5 .2 .3
Other renters' costs . 211.8 4.1 -2.0 -.3 j 212.0 4.0 -1 .7 -.1
Homeowners' costs 1/ . 175.6 3.3 .2 .3 i 160.1 3.2 .2 .3
Owners' equivalent rent 1/ . 175.9 3.3 .2 .3 ! 160.4 3 . 3 .2 .2
Household insurance 1/ . 159.5 1.3 .1 .1 : i46.i 1.0 . 1 . 1
Maintenance and repairs 2/ . 138.8 3 . 1 .6 .6 ! 137.5 2.5 .5 .5
Maintenance and repair services 2/ . 144.7 3.8 .6 .6 ! 146.8 3.2 .6 .6
Maintenance and repair
commodities 2/ . 130.9 2.2 .7 .7 ! 125.5 1.9 .4 .4
Fuel and other utilities . 126.7 3.4 1.0 .3 ! 126.3 3.5 .9 . 2
Fuels . 114.0 3.8 1.0 -.1 ! 113.4 3.9 1.0 -.3
Fuel oil and other household fuel
commodities . 99.6 12.8 -2.4 -1.8 ! 99.1 12.4 -2.5 -1.8
Gas (piped) and electricity (energy
services). 120.6 2.9 1.4 .1 ! 120.0 3.2 1.3 -.2
Other utilities and public
services 2/ ... 156.9 3.0 1.0 1.0 1 157.5 3 . 1 .9 .9
Household furnishings and operation .... 124.4 1 . 4 -.3 -.2 ! 123.0 1 . 2 -.3 -.2
Housefurnishings . 111.2 .2 -.6 -.5 1 109.8 .0 -.6 -.5
Housekeeping supplies . 141.0 3.4 -.3 -.4 | 141.3 3.4 -.3 -.4
Housekeeping services . 147.3 2.8 .5 .5 1 150.1 2.7 .3 .4
Apparel and upkeep . 133.7 . 2 -.9 . 1 ! 133.2 .8 -.7 .2
Apparel commodities . 130.4 . 2 -1 .0 .0 ! 130.1 .8 -.8 . 1
Men's and boys' apparel . 129.5 1 .3 .4 .1 1 129.2 1 .1 .5 .0
Women's and girls' apparei. 127.7 -1.5 -1.9 .2 : 127.1 - . 8 -1.9 .3
Infants' and toddlers' apparel 2/ .... 130.4 5.5 -2.5 -2.5 : i3i.5 6.1 -2.4 -2.4
Footwear . 128.3 1.3 . 1 .2 ! 129.3 1 .5 .2 .0
Other apparei commodities . 151.7 .9 -1.2 -.3 : i5i.5 3 . 1 -1.0 .5
Apparel services 2/ . 159.4 1 . 1 .4 .4 ! 158.8 1 . 1 .4 .4
Transportation . 144.4 2.9 .9 .7 ! 144.4 3 . 1 1 .0 .6
Private transportation . 141.7 3 .1 1.0 .6 ! 142.5 3.0 1 . 1 .6
New vehicles . 143.4 1.6 -.1 .2 ! 144.5 1 .8 .0 . 2
New cars . 141.2 1.4 -.1 . 1 : 140.8 1.4 -. 1 . 1
Used cars . 157.6 -. 1 . 1 -.9 : 158.7 .2 . 1 -.9
Motor fuel . 113.6 9.0 4.6 2.3 1 113.5 8.9 4.5 2.5
Gasoline . 113.3 8.7 4.7 2.5 ! 113.3 8.6 4.6 2.3
Maintenance and repairs . 157.5 2.4 .2 .3 1 158.4 2.5 . 1 .2
Other private transportation . 173.1 1.5 . 1 .2 ; 168.7 1 .3 . 1 . 1
Other private transportation
commodities . 104.9 .2 -.2 -.2 ! 104.0 .1 -.2 -.2
Other private transportation
services . 189.1 1 . 7 . 1 .3 : i85.i 1.6 .2 .2
Public transportation . 180.2 2.0 .5 2.0 : 178.6 3.5 .6 1.4
Medical care . 227.4 3.7 .2 .3 ! 226.8 3.7 .2 .3
Medical care commodities . 209.7 3 . 1 .0 . 2 I 207.1 3.0 .0 .1
Medical care services . 231.6 3.9 . 2 .3 : 231.3 3.9 .3 .3
Professional medical services . 207.7 3.7 .3 .3 ! 208.8 3.8 .3 .3
Entertainment .. 158.8 3.4 . 1 .4 ! 156.5 3.3 .1 .4
Entertainment commodities . 142.8 3.4 .0 .2 ! 141.9 3 . 2 . 1 .2
Entertainment services . 177.6 3.4 .2 .6 ! 177.7 3.4 .3 .6
Other goods and services . 214.1 4.5 .4 .4 ! 211.2 4.3 .5 .4
Tobacco and smoking products . 233 .1 3.5 1 . 1 .5 ! 233.1 3.4 1.2 .5
Personal care 2/ . 150.3 2.5 .4 .4 ! 150.3 2.4 .5 .5
Toilet goods and personal care
appliances 2/ . 145.3 1 . 7 .8 .8 : 146.0 1.6 .9 .9
Personal care services 21 . 155.8 3.5 . 1 .1 : 155.8 3.5 . 1 . 1
Personal and educational expenses . 244.8 5.4 . 1 .4 ! 240.3 5.4 . 1 .3
School books and supplies . 224.7 5.9 -.4 . 1 : 225.6 5.8 -.4 .0
Personal and educational services .... 246.6 5.4 . 1 .4 ! 241.7 5.3 .1 .3
Commodity and service group
All items . 156.6 2.9 .2 .3 : 154.0 2.9 .3 .3
Commodities . 140.4 2.6 . 1 .1 ! 140.5 2.6 .2 .2
Food and beverages . 152.5 2.6 -. 1 .1 ! 151.9 2.6 -.2 . 1
Commodities less food and beverages .... 133.0 2.5 .4 .2 ! 133.5 2 . 7 .5 .3
Nondurables less food and beverages .. 135.6 3.7 .7 .4 ! 135.7 4.0 .9 .5
Apparel commodities . 130.4 .2 -1 .0 .0 ! 130.1 .8 -.8 . 1
Nondurables less food, beverages,
and apparel . 141.4 5.4 1.5 .6 : 141.5 5.4 1 . 7 .5
Durables . 129.3 .9 -.2 -.2 j 129.2 .9 -.2 -.2
Services ... 173.1 3.2 .2 .3 ! 170.4 3.2 . 2 .3
Rent of shelter 1/ . 177.0 3.2 .0 .3 : i59.i 3.2 . 1 .3
Household services less rent of
she 1 ter 1/ . 141.0 2.8 1.0 .7 ! 129.6 2.9 .9 .5
Transportation services . 179.3 1 .9 .2 .6 : 177.3 2.1 .2 .5
Medical care services . 231.6 3.9 .2 .3 i 231.3 3.9 .3 .3
Other services . 199.9 4.3 .2 .4 i 196.6 4.2 . 2 .4
Special indexes
All items less food . 157.4 2.9 .3 .3 ! 154.4 3.0 .3 .3
All items less shelter . 152.8 2.8 .3 .3 ! 151.1 2.9 .3 .3
All items less homeowners' costs 1/ . 157.8 2.9 .2 .3 ! 144.8 2.9 .3 .3
All items less medical care . 152.6 2.8 .2 .3 ! 150.5 2.9 .2 .3
Commodities less food . 134.0 2.6 .4 .2 i 134.4 2.7 .4 . 3
Nondurables less food . 136.8 3.6 .6 .4 ! 136.9 3.9 .8 .4
Nondurables less food and apparei . 142.0 5.0 1.4 .5 1 142.0 5 . 1 1.5 .6
Nondurables . 144.2 3 . 1 .2 .3 ! 144.1 3.2 .3 . 1
Services less rent of shelter 1_/ . 181.4 3.2 .4 .4 ! 161.7 3 . 2 .4 .4
Services less medical care services . 167.7 3.1 .2 .3 1 165.2 3 . 1 .2 .4
Energy .. 112.9 6.2 2.6 1 .1 112.8 6.4 2.7 1 . 1
All items less energy . 162.5 2.7 .0 .2 159.8 2.6 .0 . 2
All items less food and energy . 165.1 2 . 7 . 1 .2 ! 162.0 2 . 7 . 1 .2
Commodities less food and
energy commodities . 141.7 1.5 -.2 .0 ! 141.4 1 . 7 -.1 .0
Energy commodities . 112.3 9.5 3.9 1.8 ! 112.5 9.1 3.9 2.1
Services less energy services . 178.4 3.2 .1 .3 ! 176.0 3.2 .2 .4
Purchasing power of the consumer dollar:
198 2-8 4 = $l . 00 2/ . 8.639 -2.7 -.2 -.2 ! $.649 -2.8 -.3 -.3
1967-31.00 2/ 7. .213 - - — ! .218 - “
1/ 982=100 base; W- population indexes on a December 1984= 100 base
7/ Not seasonally adjusted.
Data not available.
NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers (CPI-W): Selected areas, all items index
(1982-84-100, unless otherwise noted)
CPI-U CPI-W
Indexes Percent Indexes Percent
Area change to change to
May 1996 May 1996
Mar, f rom- Mar, f rom-
1996 A§9& May 1995 1996 May 1995
U.S. city average . 155.7 156.3 156.6 2.9 152.9 153.6 154.0 2.9
Region and area size W
Northeast urban. 162.8 162.9 163.0 2.8 160.1 160.3 160.6 2.9
Size A - More than 1,200,000 . 163.7 163.6 163.6 2.8 160.0 160.0 160.2 2.9
Size B - 500,000 to 1 , 20(5,000 . 160.2 160.6 161.0 2.9 158.1 158.5 158.9 3.0
Size C - 50,000 to 500,000 . 160.8 161.3 160.9 2.4 162.1 162.9 162.7 2.5
North Central urban . 151.7 152.3 152.7 3.0 148.3 149.0 149.4 2.9
Size A - More than 1,200,000 . 152.6 152.9 153.2 2.8 148.6 149.0 149.3 2.8
Size B - 360,000 to 1,200,000 . 150.4 151.2 151.6 2.9 146.6 147.3 147.8 2.7
Size C - 50,000 to 360,000 . 153.1 153.9 154.7 3.1 150.4 151.3 152.1 3.1
Size D - Nonmetropolitan
(less than 50,000) . 147.7 149.0 149.2 3.2 145.7 147.1 147.3 3.1
South urban . 152.4 153.2 153.5 3.2 150.8 151.8 152.1 3.2
Size A - More than 1,200,000 . 151.5 152.4 152.7 2.7 149.5 150.6 151.0 2.7
Size B - 450,000 to 1,200,000 . 155.0 155.6 155.9 3.4 151.1 151.9 152.3 3.3
Size C - 50,000 to 450,000 . 152.2 153.1 153.2 3.8 152.0 153.0 153.1 3.6
Size D - Nonmetropolitan
(less than 50,000) . 151.6 152.4 152.9 3.3 152.1 152.9 153.5 3.6
West urban . 156.4 157.1 157.6 2.7 153.4 154.2 154.7 2.7
Size A - More than 1,250,000 . 156.6 157.3 157.6 2.2 152.1 152.9 153.2 2.3
Size C - 50,000 to 330,000 . 161.4 162.2 162.4 3.8 158.2 159.1 159.4 3.6
Size classes
A 2/ . 140.7 141.-1 141.3 2.6 139.7 140.2 140.4 2.6
B T. 155.5 156.1 156.6 3.2 152.6 153.3 153.8 3.2
C . 155.5 156.3 156.4 3 . 3 154.4 155.4 155.7 3.3
D . 152.1 153.0 153.5 3.4 151.4 152.4 152.8 3.3
Selected local areas
Chicago-Gary-Lake County, IL-IN-WI. 156.3 156.4 156.9 2.5 151.3 151.5 151.9 2.5
Los Ange1es-Anaheim-Riverside, CA . 157.3 157.7 157.5 1.5 151.9 152.4 152.3 1.7
N.Y.-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT 166.5 166.0 166.4 2.8 162.5 162.2 162.8 3.0
Phi1.-Wilmington-Trenton, PA-NJ-DE-MD .. 162.0 162.1 161.8 2.5 161.3 161.3 161.3 2.5
San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA . 152.9 153.9 155.1 2.5 150.7 151.9 153.0 2.7
Baltimore, MD . 153.0 _ 153.9 2.3 151.8 152.8 2.3
Boston-Lawrence-Salem, MA-NH . 162.8 — 161.8 2.6 161.7 — 160.8 2.7
Cleveland-Akron-Lorain, OH . 150.9 — 151.8 3.0 143.1 — 144.0 2.9
Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL . 152.4 — 152.6 2.7 150.3 — 151.0 2.9
St, Louis-East St. Louis, M0-IL . 148.9 — 148.1 2.4 148.0 — 147.4 2.2
Washington, DC-MD-VA . 158.4 - 159.0 2.8 155.4 - 156.7 2.9
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX . * 148.5 _ _ _ 148.6 _
Detroit-Ann Arbor, MI . — 152.3 — _ — 147.6 — -
Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX . — 143.1 — — — 142.3 — —
Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, PA . - 152.8 - - - 146.5 - -
1/ Regions defined as the four Census regions. See map in technical notes.
"7/ Indexes on a December 1986-100 base.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Local area CPI indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size
than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error.
As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term
trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the
national average CPI for use in their escalator clauses.
BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE CPI
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of the average change More detail. This news release from the Bureau of Labor Statistics
in prices over time in a fixed market basket of goods and services. of the U.S. Department of Labor provides summary data from the
Two CPIs are published: 1) The CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI- Consumer Price Index. The full release is available electronically
U) which covers about 80 percent of the total population and 2) the at release time. For Information, call 202-606-5902. CPI data also
CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) which are available on diskette and tape. For information, call 202-606-
covers 32 percent of the total population. The CPI is based on prices 7000. If you have any questions about the CPI, please write to the
of food, clothing, shelter, transportation, medical care, and other goods Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of Consumer Prices and Price
and services that people buy for day-to-day living. In calculating the Indexes, Room 3615PSB, Washington, DC 20212, or call 202-606-
Index, price changes for the various items in 85 locations are averaged 7000. Full detail is available in the monthly periodical CPI Detailed
together with weights which represent their importance in the spending Report, available for $24 per year from New Orders, Government
of the appropriate population group. Indexes for different months are Printing Office, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. This
usually compared in relative terms. Thus, an index of 133.5 is 1.063 information will be made available to sensory impaired individuals
times higher than an index of 125.6 (133.5/125.6=1.063); in other upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-STAT, TDD phone: 202-606-
words, prices increased6.3percent. The CPI is used as an indicator 5897, TDD Message Referral Phone: 1-800-326-2577. For a
of inflation, a deflator of other economic series, and as an escalator recorded message of summary CPI data, call 202-606-STAT.
for income payments.
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