Suicide Risk Assessment and Prevention

1479 Pages·2022·20.205 MB·English

by  Maurizio Pompili (editor)

Maurizio Pompili
Editor
Suicide Risk
Assessment
and Prevention
Suicide Risk Assessment and Prevention
Maurizio Pompili
Editor
Suicide Risk Assessment
and Prevention
With67Figuresand39Tables
Editor
MaurizioPompili
DepartmentofNeurosciences,MentalHealth
andSensoryOrgans,SuicidePreventionCenter
Sant’AndreaHospital,SapienzaUniversityofRome
Rome,Italy
ISBN978-3-030-42002-4 ISBN978-3-030-42003-1(eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42003-1
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ToEdwinS.Shneidman,fatherofsuicidology,
superlative mentor, and friend.
Preface
This monumental work on the topic of suicide is the result of an array of collabo-
rations,contacts,partnerships,orsimplyacknowledgmentofgreatscholars’seminal
works. It started with the purpose of creativity, to take advantage of the many
perspectivesaboutsuicideriskthatdedicatedresearchers inthisfieldhavestudied.
Rather than providing a standard approach for editing this book, I started from the
peopleworldwidewhorepresentsomereferencesforspecificsubjectsrelatedtothe
maintopicofthisbook.Ihaveincludedwell-renownedscholarsandthosethatfuel
local realities and propose alternative approaches to the traditional ones. In this
effort, I maintained the main areas of interest; the reader will find that some
differencescanbedrawnamong thechapters. However,thatspecificsubjectcould
be illustrated appropriately according to the author’s views. This book was mainly
craftedduringthefirstwavesofthepandemic,withchallengingeffortstodealwith
bothemergencyneedsandscientifictaskstocombine.Despitethemanydifficulties,
Ipraisethecontributorsfortheirstrongsupportinthisproject.
Suicideremainsamajorpublichealthissueworldwide,andwearenowfacinga
rapidlychangingworld.Thisbookis,therefore,atimelycontributiontothepreven-
tionofsuicidewithamultifacetedapproach.
Oneofmypurposeofthisbookwastoprovideamulticulturalunderstandingof
suicide andincludecontributors fromworldwide.Inthisregard,oneofthemodels
for building a shared understanding of suicide is represented by approaches that
represent a common language in assessing and managing suicide risk. The field of
suicide preventionhasrecognizedfor decades thelack ofacommon risk detection
method as one of the key impediments to reducing suicide. Many international
agenciesidentifiedtheurgencyandworkedtowardadoptingcommonnomenclature
for gathering surveillance data and communication across public health, especially
towards making a common suicide screening method available within and outside
healthcare.TheColumbiaSuicideSeverityRatingScale(C-SSRS),developedbya
group of suicidologists across several universities in the United States, with its
simple,yetcomprehensivesetofquestions,hasaccomplishedunprecedentedunifi-
cation in the field of suicide prevention. Clear delineation of suicidal ideation and
behavior types has given the C-SSRS its superior sensitivity to detecting and
predicting suicidal behavior. Available in 150 country-specific languages, it has
become a global method for suicide risk detection. Large international studies
vii
viii Preface
have provided clear evidence of the scale’s ability to identify and predict death by
suicide,arguablythemostdifficultoutcometopredictprospectively.Ithasgiventhe
fieldbetterriskstratificationandtriageforimminentrisk,whichiscrucialforperson-
centered care delivery, enabling screening, triage, and identification of high risk in
onestep.Thishashadaprofoundrippleeffectonconnectingthosewhoaretrulyat
risk with the care they need, thereby maximizing resource utilization, reducing
suicide across all public health sectors, making population surveillance of suicide
risk factors more accurate, and improving standards of care and facilitating global
suicide prevention policy.From policetouniversities, it hasinstilled confidencein
suicideriskscreeningandincreasedliabilityprotection.
Suchan exampleofawell-receipttool shouldbetranslatedinto other countless
suicide prevention actions, paradigms, and shared decision-making. Increasing
awareness of the phenomenon is certainly a major goal, together with reducing
stigmatizationofthetopicofsuicide. Besidessuchactions, acommon languagein
suicidologyshouldbeofprimaryimportance.Aboveall,thereshouldbeanempha-
sis on understanding the drama occurring in the suicidal mind. Without empathic
supportforthoseincrisis,thestruggleagainstsuicidewouldbelost.
Finally,thisbookisdedicatedtothememoryofEdwinShneidman,whogaveme
fundamental suggestions and directions for becoming a suicidologist. Without his
teaching, I would never have had the curiosity and strength to explore the topic of
suicide,whichultimatelyputmeinconnectionwithothers’sufferanceandhopefully
providedsomerelief.
Rome,Italy MaurizioPompili
November2022
Contents
Volume 1
PartI ModelsofSuicide ................................... 1
1 ModelsofSuicideandTheirImplicationsforSuicide
Prevention ............................................ 3
DavidLester
2 NeurobiologicalApproachtotheStudyofSuicide ............. 13
KeesvanHeeringen
3 TheJourneyBackfromSuicide ........................... 21
SylviaHuitson
4 SuicideasSyndemic .................................... 31
ChrisCaulkins
5 RiskandProtectiveFactorsforSuicidefroma
CulturalPerspective .................................... 45
TeresitaMorfín-López
6 ProtectiveFactorsinSuicidalBehavior ..................... 77
GerardHutchinson
7 UnmetNeedsintheManagementofSuicideRisk ............. 85
MaurizioPompili
8 ReasonsforLivingasaStrength-BasedApproachtoSuicide
Prevention ............................................ 97
MarykeVanZyl,PriscillaPhan,ConnieFee,andSophalKhiv
9 Prevention-OrientedRiskFormulation ..................... 119
AnthonyR.Pisani,DanielC.Murrie,MortonSilverman,and
KathrynTurner
ix
x Contents
10 TheNarrativeCrisisModelofSuicide:ANovelandEmpirically
GroundedDiathesis-StressModelofSuicide ................. 151
SarahBloch-Elkouby,NadiaYanez,LakshmiChennapragada
JenelleRichards,LisaCohen,andIgorGalynker
11 ClinicianEmotionalResponsetoPatientsatRiskofSuicide:
AReviewoftheExtantLiterature ......................... 167
SaskiaNewkirkandIgorGalynker
12 HowtoAskAboutSuicide ............................... 183
AlanL.Berman
13 CollaborativeAssessmentandManagementof
SuicidalityApproach .................................... 201
DavidA.Jobes,IreneZhang,andTiaTyndal
14 DifferentiationofSuicidalBehaviorinClinicalPractice ........ 219
RemcoF.P.deWinter,ConnieMeijer,NienkeKool,and
MariekeH.deGroot
15 PostdictioninthePsychologicalAutopsy:AClueor
Algorithm ............................................ 237
AntoonA.Leenaars
16 SuicideandTrauma .................................... 269
KatieJ.E.Carlson,MarissaN.Eusebio,Shaune-RuWang,and
LisaM.Brown
17 SuicideandPsychoticDepression .......................... 283
BiancaEloi,KevinRodriguez,ErinO’Connell,AlanF.Schatzberg,
andBruceBongar
18 IndirectSelf-DestructiveBehaviors ........................ 295
KyleRosales,ErikWendelRice,andLisaM.Brown
19 PromotingHealthyDevelopmentandPreventingSuicide
AcrosstheLifeSpan:IndividuationandAttachmentin
MatchedBiblicalandGraeco-RomanNarratives ............. 313
KalmanJ.Kaplan
20 TheImpactofStigmaontheRiskofSuicide ................. 355
ElenaRogante,SalvatoreSarubbi,andDavidLester
21 TheRoleofResilienceinSuicidePreventionandforRecovery
AfterSuicideAttempt:Learningfrom80YearsofResilience
Research ............................................. 367
AnitaM.Chauvin
22 LearningfromtheLivedExperienceofResilientSurvivorsof
SuicidalityandSuicideAttempt:TheRoleofSelf-Managing
RecoveryinBuildingResiliencetoFutureAdversity ........... 391
AnitaM.Chauvin
Contents xi
PartII SuicidePreventionAcrosstheLifeSpan ............... 419
23 TreatmentApproacheswithSuicidalAdolescents ............. 421
AnthonySpirito,MargaretWebb,JenniferWolff,and
ChristianneEsposito-Smythers
24 SuicidePreventionAmongElderly ......................... 443
DiegodeLeo,AndreaViecelliGiannotti,MonicaVichi,and
MaurizioPompili
25 SuicideandOlderAdults:TheRoleofRiskand
ProtectiveFactors ...................................... 467
JulietSobering,AbbieJ.Brady,andLisaM.Brown
26 PreventingSuicideinBoysandMen ....................... 483
JanePirkis,KylieKing,SimonRice,ZacSeidler,BernardLeckning,
JohnL.Oliffe,StewartVella,andMarisaSchlichthorst
27 TheWorkplace:OurMostCrosscuttingandUnder-Leveraged
SysteminSuicidePreventionandSuicideCrisisResponse ...... 495
SallySpencer-Thomas
28 SuicideRiskAmongPsychiatricPatients .................... 509
ErkkiIsometsä
29 SuicideinDoctors ...................................... 529
TiagoCastroeCouto,SarahCristinaZanghelliniRückl,
DanteDuarte,andHumbertoCorrea
30 SuicidalRiskAcrosstheLifeSpan ......................... 551
MassimilianoOrri,GustavoTurecki,andMarie-ClaudeGeoffroy
PartIII SocialAspectsofSuicide ........................... 577
31 TheAftermathofaSuicide:SocialMediaExposureand
ImplicationsforPostvention .............................. 579
JoBellandChrisWestoby
32 PrintMediaandSuicide ................................. 595
Jean-PierreSoubrier
33 SuicidePreventioninFemaleSexWorkers .................. 603
AlexandreTeixeira
34 ZeroSuicide:TheMovementtoSaferSuicideCarein
HealthCare ........................................... 615
JulieGoldsteinGrumet,MichaelF.Hogan,DavidCovington,and
C.EdwardCoffey
35 SuicidePrevention:TurningInwardforDirection ............. 645
DanielJ.Reidenberg