Substance Abusing Inmates: Experiences of Recovering Drug Addicts on their Way Back Home

174 Pages·2010·2.08 MB·English

by  Lior Gideon (auth.)

Lior Gideon
Substance
Abusing Inmates
Experiences of Recovering Drug Addicts
on their Way Back Home
123
Substance Abusing Inmates
Lior Gideon
Substance Abusing Inmates
Experiences of Recovering Drug Addicts on
their Way Back Home
123
LiorGideon
JohnJayCollegeofCriminalJustice
CityUniversityofNewYork
899TenthAve.
NewYorkNY10019
USA
[email protected]
ISBN978-0-387-09805-0 e-ISBN978-0-387-09806-7
DOI10.1007/978-0-387-09806-7
SpringerNewYorkDordrechtHeidelbergLondon
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2009942697
©SpringerScience+BusinessMedia,LLC2010
Allrightsreserved.Thisworkmaynotbetranslatedorcopiedinwholeorinpartwithoutthewritten
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NY10013,USA),exceptforbriefexcerptsinconnectionwithreviewsorscholarlyanalysis.Usein
connectionwithanyformofinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,
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Printedonacid-freepaper
SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com)
ToHila,Jonathan,andEithanmypartnerstothe
journeyandtheplaceIcallhome,withoutyouthe
journeyisnevercomplete...
L.Gideon
Contents
1 TheoreticalFramework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
SocialBackground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
LifestyleExposureandRoutineActivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
DifferentialAssociationTheory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
SocialBondingandSocialControl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
SocialSupportNetworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
DiscussionandSummary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2 GettingSubstanceAbuserstoTalk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
TheInterview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
ParticipantsSampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
InterviewProcess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3 ThereIsNoPlaceLikeHome—FamilyRole
intheRehabilitationandReintegrationProcess . . . . . . . . . . 25
FamilyCriminalActivityandDrugRelapse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
TheCausesofCriminalityandAddiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
FamilySupportandAssistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
SpousalRoleinRehabilitation:TheNeedforMutualTreatment . . . . 30
LackofTrust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
DiscussionandSummary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4 SenseofDirection—TheNeedforSupervision . . . . . . . . . . . 37
ControlandSupervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
ContinuumofTreatmentandOutsideSupervisionAfterRelease . . . . 41
CommunitySupervision—IncentiveoraLeash?. . . . . . . . . . . . 43
DiscussionandSummary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
5 WhatDoINeedtoSucceed?PerceptionofMotivation
andItsRoleintheReintegrationProcess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
MotivationforChangeandSelf-Efficacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
PerceivedSelf-Efficacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
vii
viii Contents
TheContemplationStage:SincereMotivation . . . . . . . . . . . 52
GainingEmploymentasanIndicationofMotivation . . . . . . . . 54
MakingIt“OnMyOwn” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
DiscussionandSummary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
6 Working My Way Out—The Challenge
ofFindingaJob . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
FinancialProblems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
TheImportanceofEmploymentintheRehabilitationProcess . . . . . 61
WhatHaveIGottoOffer? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
TrustIssues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
DiscussionandSummary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
7 MentoringOthers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
BeenThereDoneThat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
PreachingthePractice(PassingtheTorch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
GivingandReceiving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Commitment—BeingaRoleModel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
DiscussionandSummary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
8 DealingwithSocialInstitutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
FromtheBellyoftheBeasttotheBellyofBureaucracy . . . . . . . . 82
AbsorptionAgentsandSocialSupport—CanSomeoneShow
MetheWay? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
DiscussionandSummary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
9 WhatDoesMigrationHavetoDowithRehabilitation,
Reentry,andReintegration? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
ImpactonCommunities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
SameStory,DifferentPlayers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
InformationandDischargePlanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
SystematicExclusionfromCertainJobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
StressandAnxiety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
TheStruggletoSurvive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
DiscussionandSummary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
10 Conclusion—ReintegrationandContinuumofCare . . . . . . . . 115
TheoreticalSynthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
FinalNote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
LimitationsandDisclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
AuthorIndex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
SubjectIndex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
List of Figures
8.1 Type of follow-up intervention in the community after
releasefromtheSharonprison-based(TC)program . . . . . . . . . 88
10.1 Theoreticalmodel—continuumoftreatmentinatheoretical
context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
ix
List of Tables
2.1 Demographic profile of inmates in the Sharon prison
between1994and1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.2 Comparison of interviewees’ sample with total Sharon
population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
9.1 Barriersofintegrationandassimilationdifferentiatedby
status,copingmechanisms,andsolutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
xi
Acknowledgments
The ideas presented in this book are a result of a long journey, charac-
terized by ups and downs, smooth and bumpy roads. Nevertheless, the
journey is somewhat complete, and the book is out calling for a new
journey to begin; a journey into the depths of what is hoped to be a
new multi-disciplinary approach. An approach that will examine offend-
ers’ reintegration and develop related policies to ease their transition from
incarcerationtothecommunitywhile improvingthe qualityoflife for both
inmates,theirfamilies,andthecommunitiestheyreturnto.Beforemydepar-
ture to such journey, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to those
whomadethisjourneypossible,andhelpedmaketheexperiencesandideas
presentable in this manuscript. At the top of the list without a doubt is
Welmoed Spahr, Senior Editor at Springer, who embraced the idea of the
book and supported its inception. Welmoed gave me the confidence to pur-
sue this project, while giving me the leeway of creativity, along with good
advice and encouragement. She was also the first to believe in this project,
and I hope she will be pleased with its outcome, as I am. KatieChabalko,
Assistant Editor at Springer, was also supportive and willing. Her assis-
tanceandguidanceduringthefinalstagesofpreparationforproductionare
highly appreciated. Marlene Lipson, a dear friend and my personal editor,
spent long hours to make my ideas and writing into a clear and readable
manuscript.MarleneisbyfarthemoststudiouspersonIwasblessedtowork
with during the past five years. Her comments and editorials without doubt
improved the presentation of the ideas set forth in this book. For this I am
thankful. Hung-En Sung, my colleague, volunteered his time to listen and
readmyunconventionalideas.Hiscommentswerealwaysverypreciseand
valuable. Hung-En always kept an open mind and brought valuable insight
into this work. I was truly blessed by having him as a colleague. Without
knowingthis,Dr.GeorgePalermo,theeditoroftheInternationalJournalof
Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, had a hand in the incep-
tionofthisbook.Threeofthechapterspresentedinthisbookwhereinitially
xiii