Table Of ContentSTYLE AN D P OLITIC S IN
ATH E NIA N VAS E-PAINTIN G
The C raft of D emocracy, ca. 530—460 B.C.E.
3^ 3 -
RIC HARD T. NEER
University of Chicago
Kg Camb rid g e
UNIV E RSITY PRESS
I have on occasion said, and I say it yet again: the artisan is the hero of
Greek history, but he is a secret hero. From medicine to the Akropolis of
Athens, all the great accomplishments of Greek civilization are due to
these specialists for whom the philosophers like Plato, or the warrior
cities like Sparta or the oligarchical ones like Thebes, have affected
scorn, hoping to disqualify them from political involvement.
- Pierre Vidal-Naquet, “Democracy: A Greek Invention”
They are there, yet something is missing; they are like a chemical for(cid:0)
mula exhumed along with the letters from that forgotten chest, care(cid:0)
fully, the paper old and faded and falling to pieces, the writing faded,
almost indecipherable, yet meaningful, familiar in shape and sense, the
name and presence of volatile and sentient forces; you bring them
together in the proportions called for, but nothing happens; you re-read,
tedious and intent, poring, making sure that you have forgotten noth(cid:0)
ing, made no miscalculation; you bring them together again and again
nothing happens: just the words, the symbols, the shapes themselves,
shadowy inscrutable and serene, against that turgid background of a
horrible and bloody mischancing of human affairs.
- William Faulkner, Absalom, Absalom!
C O NT E NTS
List of Figures xiii
Abbreviations xvii
Preface xxi
INTRODUCTION. GREEK REVOLUTIONS REVISITED —- l
ONE. THE GREEK SYMPOSIUM AND THE POLITICS
OF ADORNMENT 9
Masters of Truth - The Riddle-Net -Askesis and the Poikilon Ethos -
Paratactic History
TWO. THE EVOLUTION OF NATURALISM: OR, DRAWING
THE NET — 27
Platonism Now - 'The Beginnings of Red-Figure - The Craft of
Euphronios, I: The Eion’s Eye - The Craft of Euphronios ll: The
Amazons Foot - Spaee and Shape: The Berlin Painter - A Greek
Realist? - Recapitulation
THREE. “ CRAFTED WITHOUT FLAW h MAKING PAINTERS IN THE
AGE OF KLEISTHENES 87
At the Banquet - “On the Lips of Many”: Other Portraits - Smikros -
Phintias - Kuthymidcs - Euphronios - Abbreviations and Inscriptions
- Recapitulation - The Portraits and the Polis - Elite Responses -
Conclusion - Catalogue of Potter-Portraits
CONTENTS
FOUR. DIALLAGE. ICONOGRAPHY AND THE IMPROVISATION OE
DEMOCRACY 135
Aristeides’s Dilemma - Trial Pictures, I - Trial Pictures, 11 - Judging
Athens - The Dancing Wise Men - The Democratic Monarch -
The Noble Democrats - Recapitulation
CONCLUSION. FIGURES AND POLITICS -»>- 183
APPENDIX ONE. CHRONOLOGIES: WHEN DID THE PIONEER
STYLE END? 186
APPENDIX TWO. ULPIAN’S QUESTION 206
Notes -o- 217
Bibliography -<o*- 265
Index -«©(cid:0)- 2^^
LIST OF FIGURES
1. Kantharos by the Foundry Painter. First quarter of the fifth century. *5
2. Stanmos. First quarter of the fifth century. 20
3. Neck of a rhyton by the Brygos Painter. Ca. 480. 21
4. Oinochoe signed by Xenokles as potter and Kleisophos as painter. Ca. 530. 23
5. Amphora by the Andokides Painter. Ca. 525-20. 33
6. Side B of the amphora in Figure 5. Ca. 525-20. 33
7. Amphora by Exekias. Ca. 550-40. 35
8. The double-cross. 37
9. Eye-cup by the Andokides Painter. Ca. 525-20. 39
10. Schematic drawing of the cup in Figure 9. 40
11. Eye-cup held as a mask. 41
12. Cup by the Andokides Painter. Ca. 525-20. T2
13. Calyx-krater fragments by Euphronios. Ca. 510-500. 45
14. Calyx-krater by Euphronios. Ca. 510-500. 47
15. Calyx-krater by Euphronios. Ca. 510. 50
16. Amphora by Phintias. Ca. 510-500. 5°
17. Amphora by Euthymides. Ca. 510-500. 52
18. Volute-krater by Euphronios. Ca. 490-480. 57
19. Detail of the volute-krater in Figure 18. 57
20. Cup by the Kleophrades Painter. Ca. 480. 58
21. Side B of the cup in Figure 20. 58
22. Cup by Douris. Ca. 485-80. 59
23. Side B of the cup in Figure 22. 59
24. Cup by Douris. Ca. 480. 60
25. Side B of the cup shown in Figure 24. 60
26. Calyx-krater by Euphronios. Ca. 500. New York, Private Collection. 62
27. Pelikc in a style near to that of Euphronios. Ca. 510-500. 63
28. Cup fragment by Douris. Ca. 480-70. 66
29. Fragments of an amphora by Smikros. Ca. 500-490. 67
30. Amphora by the Berlin Painter (name-piece). Ca. 490. 68
31. Amphora of Panathenaic shape by the Berlin Painter. Ca. 490. 71
32. Side B of the amphora shown in F igure 31. 71
xiii
LIST OF FIGURES
33. Amphora by the Berlin Painter. Ca. 490. 74
34. Side B of the amphora shown in Figure 33. 75
35. Amphora by the Berlin Painter. Ca. 490-80. 76
36. Side A/B of the amphora shown in Figure 35. 77
37. Interior of a cup by the Foundry Painter (name-piece). Ca. 490. 79
38. Side A of the cup in Figure 37. 80
39. Side B of the cup in Figure 37. 80
40. Cup by the Foundry Painter. Ca. 490-80. 82
41. Stamnos by Smikros. Ca. 510-500. 88
42. Side B of the stamnos in Figure 41. 88
43. Detail of the stamnos in Figure 41. 90
44. Hydria by the Leningrad Painter. Ca. 470. 93
45. Amphora by Euthymides. Ca. 510-500. 94
46. Psykter (wine-cooler) by Smikros. Ca. 510. 100
47. Hydria by Phintias. Ca. 510-500. 103
48. Shoulder of the hydria shown in Figure 47: Ca. 510-500. 104
49. Amphora by Phintias. Ca. 510-500. 107
50. Volute-krater by Euthymides. Ca. 510-490. 109
51. Side B of the volute-krater in Figure 50. 109
52. Detail of the symposium in Figure 51. 110
53. Calyx-krater by Euphronios. Ca. 500. 112
54. Detail of the calyx-krater in Figure 53. 113
55. Detail of the calyx-krater in Figure 53. 113
56. Side B of the ca\>*x-Vxater in Figure 53. 114
57. Amphora by Euphronios. Ca. 490. 120
58. Side B of the amphora shown in Figure 57. Ca. 490. 121
59. Cup by the Stieglitz Painter. Ca. 470-460. 139
60. Side B of the cup in Figure 59. 139
61. Calvx-krater by the Syrishos Painter. Ca. 470. 141
62. CnpbyDouxis. Ca. 500-490. 143
63. Cup fragments by Douris. Ca. 480. 145
64. Cup by the Dokimasia Painter (name-piece). Ca. 490-80. 146
65. Amphora by the Triptolemos Painter. First quarter of the fifth century. 147
66. Cup by Oltos. Ca. 510-500. 151
67. Side B of the cup in Figure 66. Ca. 510-500. 151
68. Metope from the Athenian Treasury at Delphi. Ca. 490. 155
69. Interior of a cup by Onesimos. Ca. 500-490. 156
70. Side A of the cup in Figure 69. 157
71. Side B of the cup in Figure 69. 137
72. Psykter (wine-cooler) by Euthymides. Ca. 500. 160
73. Side B of the psykter in Figure 72. Ca. 500. 160
74. Rhyton in the form of a ram’s head, painted by the Triptolemos Painter and
signed by Charinos as potter. Ca. 480-70. 161
75. Roll-out view of the neck of the rhyton in Figure 74. 161
76. Column-krater by the Harrow Painter. 163
77. Cup signed by Nikosthenes as potter. Ca. 520. Photo 163
78. Lekythos by the Brygos Painter. Ca. 480. 165
79. Red-figured oinoehoe. Ca. 466. 166
80. The same. Ca. 466. 166
81. Cup by the Painter of the Oxford Brygos. Ca. 479. 167
xiv
LIST OF FIGURES
82. Plaster reconstruction of the Tyrannicides of Kritios and Nesiotes, after ancient
copies and pictures: Aristogeiton. 169
83. Plaster reconstruction of the Tyrannicides of Kritios and Nesiotes, after ancient
copies and pictures: Harmodios. 169
84. Stamnos by Svriskos. Ca. 475. 174
85. Side B of the stamnos in Figure 84. 174
86. Fragment of skyphos. Ca. 460-50. 175
87. Panathenaic prize-amphora assigned to the Kuban Group. Ca. 400. 176
88. Oinochoe fragments, from the grave-precinct of Dexileos in the Kerameikos
of Athens. Ca. 394. 177
89. Fragment of a stamnos by Svriskos. Ca. 470. 179
90. Colunm-krater by Svriskos. Ca. 470. 181
91. Detail of the North frieze of the Siplmian Treasury at Delphi. Ca. 525. 191
92. Fragments of a cup by Oncsimos, from the grave-mound of the Athenian
soldiers killed at Marathon. 193
93. “Fleeing Girl” from the Sacred House at Flcusis. Ca. 490-80. 194
94. Bell-krater by the Pan Painter. Ca. 480. 195
95. Metope 21 from the Athenian Treasury at Delphi. Ca. 490. Delphi, Museum. 196
96. Metope 9 from the Athenian Treasury at Delphi. Ca. 490. Delphi, Museum. 197
97. Amphora by the Andokides Painter. Ca. 525-20. 198
98. Hydria by Hvpsis. Ca. 490. 199
99. Cup by the Klcophrades Painter. Ca. 490. 200
100. Theseus and Antiope, from the pediment of the Temple of Apollo at Eretria.
Ca. 499-90. 201
101. Cup bv Euphronios (formerly attributed to Oltos). Ca. 499-490. 202
xv
ABBREVIATIONS
AA Archaologischer Anzeiger
AAS Annales archeologiques arabes syriennes
ABL C.H.E. Haspels. Attic Black-Figured Lekythoi. Paris, 1938.
Add2 T.H. Carpenter, with T. Mannack and M. Mendonga. Beazley
Addenda: Additional References to ABV, ARV2 & Paralipomena.
2nd. edn. Oxford, 1989.
Agora Guide* The Athenian Agora: A Guide to the Excavations and Museum. 4th
edn. Athens, 1990.
A/A American Journal of Archaeology
A JP American Journal of Philology
AM Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archdologischen Instituts, Athenische
Abteilung
Annales ESC Annales. Economic, societes, civilisations
AnnArchStorAnt Annali del Seminario di studi del mondo classico, Sezione di arche-
ologia e storia antica, Napoli
AntC I UAntiquite
classique
AntK Antike Kunst
AntW Antike Welt
ArchCl Archeologia classica
ArtB Art Bulletin
ARV2 J.D. Beazley. Attic Red-figure Vase-painters. 2nd edn. Oxford, 1963.
A uA Antike und Abendland
BABesch Bulletin antieke beschaving
BCH Bulletin de correspondence bellenique
BEFAR Bibliotheque des Ecoles franqaises dAthenes et de Rome
ABBREVIATIONS
BJb Bonner Jabrbiicher des Rheinischen Landesmuseums in Bonn und
des Vereins von Altertumsfreunden im Rheinlande
BMCR Bryn Mawr Classical Review
BMMA Bulletin of the Metropolitan Museum of Art
BSA Annual of the British School at Athens
CB L.D. Caskey and J.D. Beazley. Attic Vase-Paintings in the Museum
of Fine Arts, Boston. Oxford, 1931-63.
CJ Classical Journal
ClAnt Classical Antiquity
CIMed Classica et mediaevalia
CP Classical Philology
CronCatania Cronache di archeologia e di storia dell'arte, University di Catania
CQ Classical Quarterly
CVA Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum
DAA A. Raubitschek, with L. Jeffery . Dedications from the Athenian
Acropolis. Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1949.
DialArch Dialoghi di archeologia
DK H. Diels and W. Kranz, ed. Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker. 6th
edn. Zurich, 1951-52.
EAA Enciclopedia delVarte antica, classica e orientate. Rome, 1938-66.
EchCI Echos du monde classique
EdM Euphronios der Maler. Berlin, 1990.
EEThess Epistemonike Epeteris. Philosophise Skhole tou Panepistemiou
Thessalonikes.
EPA Euphronios, peintre a Athenes au Vie siecle avant f.-C. Paris, 1990.
FGrHist F. jacoby, ed. Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker. Berlin
and Leiden, 1923-5S.
FR A. Furtwangler and K. Reichhold, with F. Hauser, F. Busehor, C.
Watzinger, and R. Zahn. Griechische Vasenmalerei. Munich,
1904-32.
GaR Greece and Rome
GettyMusJ J. Paul Getty Museum Journal
GHP R. Meiggs and D. Lewis. A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions
to the End of the Fifth Century B.C. 3rd edn. Oxford, 1988.
GRBS Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies
A. W. Gomme, A. Andrewes, and K.j. Dover. A Historical
Commentary> on Thucydides. Oxford, 1970.
HSCP Harvard Studies in Classical Philology
IEG M.L. West, ed. Iambi et elegi graeci. 2nd edn. Oxford, 1989-92.
IrAnt Iranica antiqua
IstMitf-BH 1 stanbuler Mitteilungen Beiheft
JBerlMus Jahrbuch der Berliner Museen
Jdl Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archdologischen Instituts
xvni
ABBREVIATIONS
IHS Journal of Hellenic Studies
Meded Mededeelingen van bet Nederlands Historisch Instituut te Rome
MMA] Metropolitan Museum of Art Journal
MonPiot Monuments et memoires: Fondation E. Piot
Miijh Miinchener Jahrbuch der bildenden Kunst
MusHelv Museum Helveticum
OJA Oxford Journal of Archaeology
Ojh Jahreshefte des Osterreichischen archaologischen Instituts in Wien
Para J.D. Beazlev. Paralipomena. Oxford, 1971.
PastPres Past and Present
POPS Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society
PEE E. Lobel and D.L. Page, ed. Poetarum Lesbiorum Fragmenta.
Oxford, 1955.
PMC D.L. Page, ed. Poetae Melici Graeci. Oxford, 1962.
q u c a: Quademi Urbinati di Cultura Classica
RA Revue archeologique
RdA Rivista di archeologia
REA Revue des etudes anciennes
REG Revue des etudes grecques
RendIdnc Atti delPAccademia nazionale dei Lincei: Rendiconti
RhM Rheinisches Museum fur Philologie
RLoarre La revue du Louvre et des musees de France
SM B. Snell and H. Maehler, ed. Pindari Carmina cum Fragmentis.
Leipzig, 1975-87.
'PAPA Transactions of the American Philological Association
WS Wiener Studien
YaleBull Yale University Art Callery Bulletin
YES Yale French Studies
ZPE Zeitschrift fur Papvrologie und Epigraphik
xix
