Studies on the Ecology and Conservation of Butterflies in Europe. Volume 2: Species Ecology along a European Gradient: Maculinea Butterflies as a Model

312 Pages·2005·6.34 MB·English

by  Josef Settele

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Vol. 2 - CyanMagentaYellowBlack Page i
Studies on the Ecology and Conservation of Butterflies in Europe i
STUDIES ON THE ECOLOGY AND
CONSERVATION OF BUTTERFLIES IN EUROPE
Vol. 2: Species Ecology along a European Gradient:
Maculinea Butterflies as a Model
Edited by
Josef Settele, Elisabeth Kühn & Jeremy A. Thomas
Vol. 2 - CyanMagentaYellowBlack Page ii
ii J. Settele, E. Kühn & J. A. Thomas
This page intentionally left blank
Vol. 2 - CyanMagentaYellowBlack Page iii
Studies on the Ecology and Conservation of Butterflies in Europe iii
Studies on the
Ecology and Conservation
of Butterflies in Europe
Vol. 2: Species Ecology along a European Gradient:
Maculinea Butterflies as a Model
Edited by
Josef Settele, Elisabeth Kühn & Jeremy A. Thomas
Sofia-Moscow
2005
Vol. 2 - CyanMagentaYellowBlack Page iv
iv J. Settele, E. Kühn & J. A. Thomas
STUDIES ON THE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
OF BUTTERFLIES IN EUROPE
Vol. 2: Species Ecology along a European Gradient: Maculinea Butterflies as a Model
Edited by
Josef Settele, Elisabeth Kühn & Jeremy A. Thomas
Pensoft Series Faunistica No 53
ISSN 1312-0174
First published 2005
ISBN 954-642-256-8
© PENSOFT Publishers
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system
or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.
Pensoft Publishers
Geo Milev Str. 13a, 1111 Sofia, Bulgaria
Fax: [phone]
[email protected]
www.pensoft.net
Printed in Bulgaria, November 2005
Vol. 2 - CyanMagentaYellowBlack Page v
Studies on the Ecology and Conservation of Butterflies in Europe v
Contents
Preface.................................................................................................................................................xiii
MacMan flyer....................................................................................................................................xvii
Section 3. Species Ecology along a European Gradient: Maculinea Butterflies as a
Model – overview paper and films........................................................................................ 1
Parasitic versus mutualistic myrmecophiles among the Lepidoptera: the state of the
art and where to go
Konrad Fiedler..........................................................................................................................................3
MACULINEA - The fascinating world of Large Blue butterflies
André Künzelmann, Thomas Falkner & Doris Böhme..........................................................................4
The Threatened Maculinea - Conservation biology as applied to humid zones
Alain Rojo de la Paz................................................................................................................................ 6
Section 3.1. Species Ecology along a European Gradient: Maculinea Butterflies as a
Model – Maculinea as indicators.......................................................................................... 7
Spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of a Maculinea alcon – M. teleius pSCI in NW Italy
Marco Isaia, Simona Bonelli, Marco Montani, Guido Badino & Emilio Balletto..................................9
Maculinea habitats in Hungary: Orthoptera assemblages
Antal Nagy, István A. Rácz & Zoltán Varga....................................................................................16
Habitat preferences of Myrmica (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) ant species in Maculinea arion
(Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) sites in South-Western Germany
Regina Pauler-Fürste & Manfred Verhaagh.........................................................................................22
Myrmica ants as keystone species and Maculinea arion as an indicator of rare niches in UK grasslands
Zoe Randle, David J. Simcox, Karsten Schönrogge, Judith C. Wardlaw & Jeremy A. Thomas ...........26
Maculinea and myrmecophiles as sensitive indicators of grassland butterflies (umbrella species),
ants (keystone species) and other invertebrates
Jeremy A. Thomas, Ralph T. Clarke, Zoe Randle, David J. Simcox, Karsten Schönrogge,
Graham W. Elmes, Judith C. Wardlaw & Josef Settele................................................................28
Assemblages of butterflies and burnets in Maculinea habitats of Hungary
Zoltán Varga, László Peregovits & Julianna V. Sipos.........................................................................32
Vol. 2 - CyanMagentaYellowBlack Page vi
vi J. Settele, E. Kühn & J. A. Thomas
Maculinea habitats: diversity of vegetation, composition and cenological relegation
Julianna Varga-Sipos & Zoltán Varga.................................................................................................45
The ant communities on meadows in the Kraków region
Magdalena Witek, Piotr Skórka, Ewa Sliwinska, Piotr Nowicki & Michal Woyciechowski..............51
Section 3.2. Species Ecology along a European Gradient: Maculinea Butterflies as a
Model – Functional and trophic relations in Maculinea systems...........................53
Parasitism of the predatory Maculinea nausithous by the parasitoid Neotypus melanocephalus
Christian Anton, Martin Musche & Josef Settele.................................................................................55
Which factors determine the population density of the predatory butterfly Maculinea nausithous?
Christian Anton, Martin Musche, Vladimir Hula & Josef Settele......................................................57
Egg-laying preferences of the xerophilous ecotype of Maculinea alcon (= M. rebeli; Lepidoptera:
Lycaenidae) in the Aggtelek National Park
Ervin Árnyas, Judit Bereczki, Andrea Tóth, Katalian Pecsenye & Zoltán Varga.............................61
Oviposition behaviour in the myrmecophilous butterfly Maculinea alcon (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
Simona Bonelli, Andrea Crocetta, Francesca Barbero & Emilio Balletto.............................................65
Host specificity in Microdon myrmicae, a sympatric social parasite to the Maculinea in moist
grassland ecosystems
Simona Bonelli, Andrew D.P. Worgan, Sophie Everett, Emma Napper, Graham W. Elmes,
Ania M.Stankiewicz, Marcin Sielezniew, Judith C. Wardlaw, S. Cantarino, Andras Tartally,
Emilio Balletto & Karsten Schönrogge............................................................................................69
The effect of ant communities and spatial pattern for Maculinea nausithous
Uta Glinka & Josef Settele...................................................................................................................72
Contrasting egg laying behaviour of the ecotypes of Maculinea alcon in Hungary
Ferenc Kassai & László Peregovits........................................................................................................73
Egg-laying behaviour of Maculinea rebeli Hirschke, 1904
Ádám Kőrösi..........................................................................................................................................74
Behavioural aspects of adoption of Maculinea caterpillars by Myrmica ants
Szabolcs Lengyel, András Tartally, Emese Szitta, Mariann Bíró & Zoltán Varga............................75
Does the colony structure of Myrmica rubra affect the adoption of Maculinea nausithous?
Holger Loritz, Christian Anton, Josef Settele & Karsten Schönrogge...................................................78
Do ant cues influence the oviposition preference in the myrmecophilous Maculinea nausithous?
Martin Musche, Christian Anton, Andrew Worgan & Josef Settele.....................................................80
Oviposition in Maculinea alcon butterflies
Edina Prondvai, Ferenc Kassai, Sándor Csősz, Ervin Árnyas, Judit Bereczki,
Andrea Tóth, Zoltán Varga, László Peregovits & János Kis.........................................................82
Vol. 2 - CyanMagentaYellowBlack Page vii
Studies on the Ecology and Conservation of Butterflies in Europe vii
Acoustical interactions between Maculinea alcon and its host ant
Karsten Schönrogge, E. Topham, Judith C. Wardlaw, M. Charles, Ania Stankiewicz,
Marcin Sielezniew & Jeremy A. Thomas.........................................................................................84
The key to the caterpillars and pupae of M. teleius, M. nausithous and M. alcon
Ewa Sliwinska, Piotr Nowicki, David R. Nash & Michal Woyciechowski.........................................88
Maculinea alcon and M. rebeli in Poland: distribution, habitats, host ant specificity and parasitoids
Anna M. Stankiewicz, Marcin Sielezniew & Jarosław Buszko............................................................90
Host-ant specificity of Maculinea species in Hungary, connections with parasitoids and host plants
András Tartally & Zoltán Varga.........................................................................................................94
Primary hosts, secondary hosts and ‘non-hosts’: common confusions in the interpretation of
host specificity in Maculinea butterflies and other social parasites of ants
Jeremy A. Thomas, Graham W. Elmes, Karsten Schönrogge, David J. Simcox & Josef Settele ..........99
Host ant specificity and integration rate with Myrmica ants in larvae of Maculinea teleius butterflies
Magdalena Witek, Piotr Nowicki, Piotr Skórka, Ewa Sliwinska & Michal Woyciechowski............105
Biennialism and host ant specificity in Maculinea teleius larvae
Magdalena Witek, Piotr Nowicki, Piotr Skórka, Ewa Sliwinska & Michal Woyciechowski............107
Section 3.3. Species Ecology along a European Gradient: Maculinea Butterflies as a
Model – Population ecology of Maculinea...................................................................109
Results of the mark-release-recapture studies of a Maculinea rebeli population in the Aggtelek
karst (N Hungary) between 2002-2004
Ervin Árnyas, Judit Bereczki, Andrea Tóth & Zoltán Varga...........................................................111
Modelling the local population dynamics of Maculinea and their spatial interactions with their
larval foodplant and Myrmica ant species
Ralph T. Clarke, Nicolas Mouquet, Jeremy A. Thomas, Michael E. Hochberg, Graham W. Elmes,
David Tesar, Alexander Singer & Joseph Hale............................................................................115
A review of the role of dispersal for population persistence in Maculinea
Thomas Hovestadt................................................................................................................................120
The control of emigration, environmental variability, the Allee-effect, and the
expansion of species’ range
Thomas Hovestadt................................................................................................................................121
Within-patch movement limitation in two species of Maculinea butterflies? Analysis of MRR
data using randomisation procedures
Thomas Hovestadt & Piotr Nowicki...................................................................................................122
Emigration and its consequences for the survival of metapopulations
Thomas Hovestadt & Hans Joachim Poethke .....................................................................................123
Vol. 2 - CyanMagentaYellowBlack Page viii
viii J. Settele, E. Kühn & J. A. Thomas
Analysis of inter-patch dispersal data for Maculinea nausithous and M. teleius in a fragmented
landscape in northern Bavaria, Germany
Thomas Hovestadt, Birgit Binzenhöfer, Josef Settele............................................................................124
Control of emigration, the Allee-effect and the recolonisation of empty habitats
Thomas Hovestadt, Tobias Degen & Hans-Joachim Poethke..............................................................125
An ESS model for the evolution of growth polymorphism in the social parasite Maculinea rebeli
Thomas Hovestadt, Oliver Mitesser, Graham Elmes, Jeremy Thomas & Michael Hochberg..............126
Goodness of sampling in Maculinea butterflies
Ferenc Kassai........................................................................................................................................128
Annual and spatial variations in population structure – A case study of Maculinea alcon and
Maculinea teleius
Ferenc Kassai, Ádám Kőrösi, László Peregovits, Noémi Örvössy, Ágnes Vozár & Lilla Barabás....130
Analysis of within-habitat patch movement of some Maculinea species
Ádám Kőrösi........................................................................................................................................131
Habitat-use of wetland Maculinea species – a case study
Ádám Kőrösi........................................................................................................................................132
Studying the population structure of Maculinea arion ligurica
Ádám Kőrösi, László Peregovits, Noémi Örvössy, Ágnes Vozár & Ferenc Kassai.............................133
Simplified method of estimating butterfly population size with mark-release-recapture
Piotr Nowicki & Josef Settele.............................................................................................................134
Population dynamics in the genus Maculinea revisited: comparative study of
sympatric M. alcon and M. teleius
Piotr Nowicki, Simona Bonelli, Francesca Barbero & Emilio Balletto...............................................136
Landscape scale research in butterfly population ecology – Maculinea case study
Piotr Nowicki, Aleksandra Pępkowska, Joanna Kudłek, Piotr Skórka,
Magdalena Witek & Michał Woyciechowski................................................................................140
A review of population structure of Maculinea butterflies
Piotr Nowicki, Josef Settele, Jeremy A. Thomas & Michal Woyciechowski........................................144
Structure of sympatric populations of M. teleius and M. nausithous in the Kraków region,
southern Poland
Piotr Nowicki, Magdalena Witek, Piotr Skórka & Michal Woyciechowski......................................150
Estimation of butterfly population sizes using pre-imaginal stages exemplified by Maculinea
butterflies (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
Manfred Alban Pfeifer, Uta Glinka & Josef Settele..........................................................................151
Assessing the presence/absence of Maculinea nausithous: a comparison of adult and pre-
imaginal stages
Josef Settele, Christian Anton, Uta Glinka, Sarah Gwillym, Holger Loritz,
Martin Musche & Anett Richter..................................................................................................152
Vol. 2 - CyanMagentaYellowBlack Page ix
Studies on the Ecology and Conservation of Butterflies in Europe ix
Mobility patterns of Maculinea teleius and M. nausithous
Piotr Skórka, Piotr Nowicki, Joanna Kudłek, Aleksandra Pępkowska, Ewa Sliwinska,
Magdalena Witek & Michal Woyciechowski................................................................................153
A simple method for estimating worker population size in Myrmica ant nests
Piotr Skórka, Magdalena Witek & Michal Woyciechowski...............................................................154
Section 3.4. Species Ecology along a European Gradient:
Maculinea Butterflies as a Model – Population genetics and physiology of
Maculinea and Myrmica ants.............................................................................................157
Geographical versus food plant differentiation in Alcon Blue Populations
(Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in Northern Hungary
Judit Bereczki, Katalin Pecsenye & Zoltán Varga..............................................................................159
Temporal and spatial structure of genetic variation in the Alcon Blue
(Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) populations in Northern Hungary
Judit Bereczki, Katalin Pecsenye & Zoltán Varga...............................................................................163
Pattern of genetic differentiation in the Maculinea alcon species group
(Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in Central Europe
Judit Bereczki, Katalin Pecsenye, László Peregovits & Zoltán Varga.................................................167
Cryptic Myrmica species among the hosts of Maculinea butterflies
Jon R. Ebsen, David R. Nash & Jacobus J. Boomsma.......................................................................171
Multiple radiation of species and eco-types in the genus Myrmica
Graham W. Elmes & Ralph T. Clarke.............................................................................................172
Variation in chemical profiles of Maculinea and their Myrmica hosts across Europe
Sophie Everett, Andrew D.P. Worgan, Marcin Sielezniew, Ania Stankiewicz, David N. Nash,
Ian Wynne, Piotr Nowicki, Andras Tartally, Laszlo Peregowitz, David Tesar, Dirk Maes,
Irma Wynhoff, Christian Anton, Martin Musche, Simona Bonelli, Judith C. Wardlaw,
Sandor Csósz, David J. Simcox, Graham W. Elmes, Michal Woyciechowski, Zoltan Varga,
Josef Settele, Jeremy A. Thomas & Karsten Schönrogge...............................................................174
A population genetic study of Maculinea arion and M. alcon in southern Scandinavia in relation to
the conservation of these species
Andreas E. Lomborg, Inga Zeisset, David R. Nash & Jacobus J. Boomsma...................................178
The relationship between genetic diversity, genetic population structure and sexual
reproduction in Sanguisorba officinalis (Rosaceae)
Martin Musche, Walter Durka & Josef Settele..................................................................................180
Using genetic markers to study the phylogeny, distribution and ecology of Maculinea butterflies
David R. Nash, Inga Zeisset, Ian R. Wynne, Jon R. Ebsen, Karsten Schönrogge,
Sophie Everett & Jacobus J. Boomsma..........................................................................................182