Table Of ContentTThhee JJaapapnaesneSeosciee tySociety ffoorr PPllanatnt SSyystsetmaetmicastics
ISSN 1346-7565 ActaPhytotax,Geobot.6](3)1:39-143(2011)
Studies Hanguana (Commelinales-HanguanafocreSauontda I:
on
"anguana bakoensis, New ForestSpeciesfromSarawak,
a
Malaysian Borneo, Notes CriticalMorphologies
and on
forElucidatingHanguana Taxonomy
SITINURFAZILAH BT ABDUL RAHMAN, AHMAD OTHMAN
AND PETER C. BoYCE*SOFIMAN
PttsatPengojian SainsKty'ihayattSchooolfBiotogicSacilencesl,LbeiversitSiainsMblaysia1l800 USiLd]
PuZauPinang, AijLtiay stipa.kymataruin@goeglem (aLiiLuctohtonrforcorFespondencaj
IIanguana bakoensi sis describe das a new species from Bako National Park, Sarawak, Malaysian Bor-
neo. The conf[Lsed taxonomic histor yof Hbnguana is highlight eadnd species-level taxonomically im-
portan tcharacters are enumerated, A lce yto the currently recognized Hanguana species ofBorneo is
provided, and the ncw species is illustrated.
Key words: Borneo, Htinguana, rnacroherbs, Mal aysia, Sarawak
In common with many tropical macroherbs problems, includin gcombining a generi cde-
(e,gA,r,aceae,Musaceae,Zingjberaeeae,
etc.), scription coveri ng onlyU malayana with apecu-
the taxonomy of Hinnguana has su'Eferec lftom an lia r`lrybrid' species descripti otnhat while ac-
historic aolver-reliance on fragmentarM poorly knowledging the existence of fores tspecies,
preservcd, badly documented herbarium speci- ignore sthe slew ofmorphological and ecological
mens coupled with an almost complete absencc differenc etshat exist between the Sundaic forest
of reliable fiel dobservations. Even the few well- species and the sole helophyte A.dditiona lto not
vouchered specimens of Hdnguana are mainly describin tghese morphologies, the account sum-
lackin ginformatio non crucial characters, nota- marily dismisse sthem as `of very slight taxo-
bly detai losf the ripe fruit wsi,th the result that nomic value', overlooking that, for example, ripe
over 90% of the not inconsideral )hleerbariurn fruit salone furnis hrmmerous relial)le morpho-
holding sin BO, FRIM, K, L, M, SAR, and SING, logica lcharacters pertainin tgQ stigma and style,
among other herbaria, are wrongly determined. fru istizc, ripc celor, and seeds,
The two modern taxonomic accounts fbr Han- Tlrus currently there is no reliable taxonomic
guanaceae are florist iancd wholly herbarium account for the genus, a quit eextraordinary situ-
based .For Sri Lanka (Dassanay a1k99e9), where ation given that Hdnguana species are both fre-
only the colonial hclophytic Il nealdyana (JaclOquently encountered and also striking elements of
Merr, occurs, aside from wrong synonymizations perhumid to cverwet fores tthroughout Sunda.
of early names, notal)ly U kassint bBllume, the Paradoxically although Airy Shaw (198 0an)d
account is acceptable. However, the Flora Malesi- most recently TMich & Sil l(l99 9c)learly began
ana account (Back e1r951) contains numerous to realize that the taxonomy of the genus was in
NNIII-IE-leEcltreoncitcronic Library Service
TThhee JJaapapnaesneSeosciee tySociety ffoorr PPllanatnt SSyystsetmaetmicastics
140 ActaPhytotax.Geobot. Vol,61
much need of attention, until now no attempt has betwee nthe single widespread helophyt eand the
been made to tackle what is without doubt one of numerous forest species, it is necessary to gener-
the most taxonornicall yill-serv emodnocot gen- ate a workable taxonomy for Sundaic Hdnguana.
era in tropica lAsia. This paper is the firs otf an intende dseries aiming
As part of the firs atuthors' work to investi- to prodnce such a taxonomy,
gate thc relationships and evolutionary polarity
Kcy toBornean Hanguana
1a. Colonial helophyte wsith massive, fo"aceous s,tolons. Plant sofopcn situations aiong mudd), banks oflarge
freshwatebrodies. freshwater forest..,........"...-.",,........,.....,...II.
rivcrs, margins of and of swamp magdLy'ana
lb. Clumping mesophytes lacking sto]ons. Piants ofa variety ofclosed-canopy fores ttypes, but never in firesh-
waterswamptbrest..............,.......................-...........................,..H..H...-......"...........H.....,.".,,....,......,...,,....,,.,.2
2a. Leafblade broadly lanceolate to eliiptic, abaxiatly fioccosc, at lcast in juveni Lferusi;t svarious but never
3-lobed,ripeningdullredorblack,..""...,..."...,,.,-.,.,.....................,,..."....,",.,,.............,,..-,,..".......,,..".,,......3
2b. Leafblade lincar-lancee ltaot veery narrowly elliptic, all parts of the plant glabrous except the submicru-
scopically puberulen pteduncie and scapc; fruit wscakly 3-lobed r,ipening mcdiurn pink to magenta
............"...,,,,...-.,,,,..-...,,..............,.............,.........,.......,,...-..,,.-"......-..............,.,,.H..,,.................H,bakoensis
3a. Flowering plants to 1,5m tall, leave sup to 90 cm Iong, 1O cm wlde; peduncle and scape tQgether exceeding
lm tall ,conspicuously and cxtcnsively reddish brown-fioccos ef;ruit lsargc ,ca. 1. 52 x 1, 2cm when ripe,
fusiform-ellips ewiitdli, a large p,reminently stipitate stigma, fruit sripcning black,...,..........., .n.2o.j.or..,..U
3b, Flow'ering plant sto 35 cm tall, leaves up tQ 25 cin long, 5-6 cni wide; peduncle and scape together not ex-
ceeding 35 cm tall ,not or only very obscureiy and sparsely gray-fioccosc ;fruit ssmall, ca. O.7 cm diam. when
ripe, globose, stigma impressed, rninute, fruit rsipening duLi red....,,.....,,,....................,,... .b..o,g,n..e.r..i....HZ
Hanguana bakoensis Sit iNurfazilah, Ahmad although usually somcwhat tcss ,longitudinaliy
Sofiman & P. C. Boyce, sp. nov. Fig. 1 folded inwards with the margins somewhat sharp,
Ab aliis speciebus Borneensibus folii 1sineari-Ianceolatilsowermost part ofpetiolar sheath margins erose-
leaftip
vel angustissime ellipticis glabri set fructibus leviter tri- marcescent; attenuate-mucronate; midrib
lobi sroseis dj fftsrl. prominentl yround-raised abaxially, especially in
7)wtts .Ma]aysia, Sarawak, Bahagian Kuching, Bako the lower part of the leaf blade, impressed adaxi-
N.P.,LintangTrail2,7May 2007,IVhrdiaIh..MkelcomD.,
ally and lesse rvenation obscure when fresh, mid-
ArnuJ K. & al, S.100599 (,hol SoA-R!; iso -KEP, n.v.). dryingflush
rib adaxially and all other venation
Solitary to weakly clumping, hcrbaceous, gla- minutcly tcssellate-striate in most specimens, Fle-
brous, dioeciou smesophyte to ca. 1 m tall ,stem mate and male inj7orescence snot observed, al-
rhizomatous with tcrminal portion ascending, ca. though based on very immature fruitin gmaterial
1.5 cm diam., older portion ssub-woody, active inflorescence almost certainly erect at anthesis.
portion scovered with fibrou sdegraded leafbas- Idiucteseence solitary, declinat e,comprising
es. Leaves up to 10 together ,spreading, thc lon- 3-5 partial ,thyrsoid or spicate infiructescences
gest leave sarching with the leaftips touching the plus a terminal spi ke,peduncl e(lowe norn-fi ower
ground, bases imbricate, up to 90 cm long; geof' bearing parO and scape (uppe frlower-bearing
blade 1,5-4 ¢m wide, linea rlanceola tteo vcry part) together up to 95 cm tall, sub-microscopi-
narrowly elliptic, somewhat leather yb,oth sur- cally puberulent, dark brown to greenish red, vis-
faces bluish green wheil fresh ,drying charta- ibl eportio nofpeduncle up tQ 15 cm long b"t of
ceous and pale straw-coiored; pseuclopetio tace- ten shorter, start of scape marked by a fo1iaceous,
counting fbr up to half the entire leaf length, ferti teor sterile, narrowly lanceolate-elliptic
NII-Electronic Library Service
TThhee JJaapapnaesneSeosclee tySociety ffoorPrl anPtlSyastnetma tSlcysstematics
Febrvary 2011 SITI NL 1{iAz[LAll & AI..-A New Jlanguana from BoTneo I4I
Fl(} .1. Hangttana hnkoensis Sit iNurt'azila hS,ofiman ethinan & I' ,C. Boycc. A: Fruitingplan tin habitat B,: DctaiE ofa partial
mfic)rescence. Notc the "cakly 3-lobe dfiuit asn,d ripe t'ru ciolter. C Habita tP,hotograp hbsy N(tchae lL,o,
NII-Electronic Library Service
TThhee JJaapapnaesneSeosciee tySociety ffoorr PPllanatnt SSyystsetmaetmicastics
142 ActaPhytotax.Geobot. VoL 61
brac tup to 15 cm long ,bract base clawed, tip praltbh], o3k May ]959, .L Carrick N L C. Enoch JC7460 (SAR);
aristate; partia linj}'ucteseenee seach subtended Asam, 15 May 1956, X PP [Purs'eglo vRe4917
(SAR);TlelokKrium, lg May 1980,ni Puan (:7iing
bscya pae, br tahcet ssei mdiilamrin tios thhiant gimanr ksiinzge di tshtea slt laarlyton gef tthhee SS.. 4.2929i4J ( 8(SSAARR) ),3 ;0witJhaount. 1 9p5r 4e,cSi.s1 e0l4oc7a6(liS tAy ,1R1 )M.arch 1956,
infructescence ,the smallest ca. 8 × 1,5 mm; par-
tial infructescences each comprising of3 branch- 7Vbtes .Hkenguana bakoensi sis immediately
es (exceptio nupa ltol 5y in robust speeimens, de- distinguishab flreom H, mojor Airy Shaw and ll
pauperat especimens with a single or paired bogneri H,-J.Till i&c hE.Sill ,the other currently
branches) b,ranche sarising simultaneously from describe dBornean fbres tspecies, by being gla-
the axil of the subtending bract ,median branch brous except for the submicroscopically puberu-
usually longer than latera blranches ,2-7 cm long lent peduncle and scape, the narrow biuis hgreen
ca, 1.5 mm thick ,weakly angled, latera blranches leaves, and weakly 3-lobed fruit Tsipening medi-
approximately 213 the length of median branch, um pink to magenta (se aebove keyi.
although branches subequal in distal-me sptartial Steril eplant sof Dianella ensijblia (Xanthor-
infructescenc eM.ale fiowers not observed, Ee- rhoeaceae), another kerangas-favouri nspgecies
male.f7owers mainly in scattered groups of2 to 3, common at Bako, look deceptive lsyimilar to of
lowermost flower sof each branch occasionally Hl bakoensi sbut may be readigy distinguish ebdy
solitary, flower smainly sessile, very occasionally the minutely serrate leaf margins and dista lpor-
pedicella tteo ca. O.5 mm, pale green, all flowers tion ofthe abaxial mid-rib.
with an associated minute bracteol ep;erianth of
6 tepals, outermost ca. 1 × 1 mm, ovate, weakly Critieal morphologies fo rHanguana taxononty
concave, in fruitin gmaterial refiexed from the Based on extensive fiel dobservations in Sar-
mid-point, the tips recurved and touching the awak, and more recently in Peninsula rMalaysia
pedicel i,nner tepals ca. 2 x 2 mm, ovate, slightly the fo11owin gare the critical morphologies for
concave; Staneinocie sminute, c]avate, paie green. Hdnguana, Care must be exercised when prepai-
Ripe .frui tcompressed-globose, very weakly ing herbarium vouchers to sample in such aman-
3-lobed with a fain tsuture running from the pedi- ner that these eharacters are recorded,
cel to a peint between the stigma lobes ofthe de- . Presence or absence of stolons
finin gthe ftui tlobes ,ca. 5 × 3.5 mm initially. Petiol eand pseudopetiole morphology, notably
glossy pale green ,ripening glossy medium pink the ratio of petiole + pseudopetiole to blade
to magenta; stigma 3-lobed ,lobes joine tdo forrn length
a clover-leag minute, impressed ,ca. 1 mm diam., . Presence or absence of indumentum, notably
matte black .Seealy shallowly cupulifbrm, ca. 3.5 floccos eindumentum.
mm diam,, 1 deep, smooth, gloss yblack, placenta . Inflorescence architecture, especially partia iln-
waxy-oily, fi11i ntghe depressio nin fres hseeds. fiorescenc ebranching complement, and the
Distributio n:Malaysian Borneo, Sarawak, morphology and duratie nof their subtending
endemic to Bako N.P. bracts
Eeology: Kerangas and closed heath fbrest . Fruit size, shape, color at ripeness
(virtua allll ycollections, and Low, and Boyce, . Stigrn amorphology-lobes basall yjoine odr
pers. sep. obs.); mixed dipterocar fpores tCi7 dSe. separate, appressed, elevated, ascending, or
100599), 100
ca, m asl. stlpltate
.Seed morphology, especially the depth and
Other MALAYSIA. Sarawak.
specimens seen. width ofthe placenta blowl
KAMubacarhncighng M1,l9 i6aB0sa, kSJo. 1A i,NSR.5,PS. A: (nSUcliAueRr )sS o;Panawtfih2t 4n8ecaaPrmp,( BSu Ak2Ri9t) K;TJeburlnuoeik nTg1a,9j 6o20r8,, l o gAidcda il(tieosnapl etco it afhleo rlaebyos vettyp em orapnhdol oggieeos,logy i e,caon-d
7june 1963, P, S. Ashton S.17960 (SAR) S;ungai Nipah altitudinal data are exceedingly usefu1.
NII-Electronic Library Service
TThhee JJaapapnaesneSeosciee tySociety ffoorr PPllanatnt SSyystsetmaetmicastics
February 20]1 Sm NuRFAzlLAH & AL.-A New Hang"ana from Borneo 143
The colLaboration and support of the Sarawak Forestry
Department, notably Dr Mohd, Shahbudin Sabk.i ,Dr References
AzahariBin Omar, & En,Mohamad (MatObinKhodi is
acknowledged. AII fieldwor khas been undertaken with
Saravva kForestry Department Research Permit No. Airy Shaw, H. K. 1980, A new species ofllbunguana from
NPW,9e7.4.4(V)-176 & Park Permit No. 33f2009. The Berneo, Kew BulL 5(4) :819-821
third author wishes particularl yto express thanks to Mi- Backer ,C.A. I951. Hanguanaceae, Fl. Mates. ,Ser, 1,
chael Lo for alerting him to the existence of this new spe- Spermat .4: 248-250.
cies, and giving permission to use his photographs for the Dassanayake ,M, D. I999. Hanguanaceae. in :Dassanay-
accompanying plate sF.ieldwork in Malaysia was sup- ake, M. D,, F. R. Fosberg & W. D. Clayton (ed sR)ev,.
ported a Research University Grant firo mthe Vniversiti Halldb. Fl. Ceylen 14: 214-125,
SainsMalaysia,Penang. Tillich ,H.-j .& E. Sill .1999. Systematische Studie nzur
Morphologi eund Anatomie von Hbnguana Blume
(Hanguanaceae)undFtageilariaL.(Flagel]ariaceae),
mit der Besehreibung einer neuen Art, Hlinguana
bogner ispcc. nov. Sendtner a6: 215-238.
ReceivedJiily 5, 2010; accny)ted Nbvember 2a 2010
NNIII-IE-leEcltreoncitcronic Library Service
