Studies in African Linguistic Typology

443 Pages·2006·1.92 MB·English

by  F. K. Erhard Voeltz (Ed.)

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StudiesinAfricanLinguisticTypology
Typological Studies in Language (TSL)
AcompanionseriestothejournalStudiesinLanguage
GeneralEditor MichaelNoonan
AssistantEditors SpikeGildea,SuzanneKemmer
EditorialBoard
WallaceChafe(SantaBarbara) CharlesLi(SantaBarbara)
BernardComrie(Leipzig) EdithMoravcsik(Milwaukee)
R.M.W.Dixon(Melbourne) AndrewPawley(Canberra)
MatthewDryer(Buffalo) DorisPayne(Eugene,OR)
JohnHaiman(StPaul) FransPlank(Konstanz)
BerndHeine(Köln) JerroldSadock(Chicago)
PaulHopper(Pittsburgh) DanSlobin(Berkeley)
AndrejKibrik(Moscow) SandraThompson(SantaBarbara)
RonaldLangacker(SanDiego)
Volumesinthisserieswillbefunctionallyandtypologicallyoriented,covering
specific topics in language by collecting together data from a wide variety of
languages and language typologies. The orientation of the volumes will be
substantive rather than formal, with the aim of investigating universals of
humanlanguageviaasbroadlydefinedadatabaseaspossible,leaningtoward
cross-linguistic,diachronic,developmentalandlive-discoursedata.
Volume64
StudiesinAfricanLinguisticTypology
EditedbyF.K.ErhardVoeltz
Studies in
African Linguistic Typology
Editedby
F. K. Erhard Voeltz
UniversityofCologne
JohnBenjaminsPublishingCompany
Amsterdam(cid:1)/(cid:1)Philadelphia
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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
StudiesinAfricanLinguisticTypology /editedbyF.K.ErhardVoeltz.
p. cm.(TypologicalStudiesinLanguage,issn0167–7373;v.64)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindexes.
1.Africanlanguages--Congresses.2.Typology(Linguistics)--
Congresses.I.Voeltz,ErhardFriedrichKarl;1943-II.Series.
PL8002.S78 2005
496--dc22 2005053172
isbn9027229759(Hb;alk.paper)
©2005–JohnBenjaminsB.V.
Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyform,byprint,photoprint,microfilm,or
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TSL[v.20020404] Prn:21/07/2005;12:46 F:TSL64DE.tex / p.1(v)
ThisvolumeisdedicatedtothememoryofJosephH.Greenberg.
NootherlinguisthassoinfluencedAfricanlanguagestudies.
Weallstilllearnfromhim.

TSL[v.20020404] Prn:21/02/2006;16:26 F:TSL64CO.tex / p.1(vii)
Table of contents
Introduction ix
F.K.ErhardVoeltz
FuturetenseandaspectmarkingsinSouthernBantu 1
H.M.Batibo
ThemarkingofdirectionaldeixisinSomali:Howtypologically
idiosyncraticisit? 13
PhilippeBourdin
AtypologyofsubjectandobjectmarkersinAfricanlanguages 43
DenisCreissels
Headmarking,dependentmarkingandconstituentorderintheNiloticarea 71
GerritJ.Dimmendaal
AgentphrasesinBantupassives 93
AxelFleisch
Grammaticalizationofswitchreference:Motivationandmeans 113
ZygmuntFrajzyngier
Complexpredicatesbasedongenericauxiliariesasanarealfeature
inNortheastAfrica 131
TomGüldemann
TheOHOConstraint 155
RichardJ.Hayward
ThewordinLuganda 171
LarryM.HymanandFrancisX.Katamba
CaseinAfrica:Oncategorialmisbehavior 195
ChristaKönig
ThetypologyofrelativeclauseformationinAfricanlanguages 209
TaniaKutevaandBernardComrie
DeicticcategoriesinparticlesanddemonstrativesinthreeGurlanguages 229
KéziéKoyenziLébikaza
TSL[v.20020404] Prn:21/02/2006;16:26 F:TSL64CO.tex / p.2(viii)
 Tableofcontents
Preprefixornot–thatisthequestion:ThecaseofKwangali,Kwanyama
andNdonga 251
KarstenLegère
NonverbalandverbalnegationsinKabyle(Berber):Atypologicalperspective 263
AminaMettouchi
GrammaticalizationchainsoftheverbKare‘togive’inKabba 277
RosmarieMoser
SelectorsinCushitic 303
MaartenMous
HowBantuisKiyansi?Are-examinationofitsverbalinflections 327
SalikokoS.Mufwene
DiathesisalternationinsomeGurlanguages 337
BrigitteReinekeandGudrunMiehe
Structureandfunctionofincorporationprocessesincompounding 361
ClaudiaMariaRiehlandChristaKilian-Hatz
TowardatypologicalperspectiveforEmai’sBEconstructions 377
DonaldP.SchaeferandFrancisO.Egbokhare
IntrinsicfocusandfocuscontrolintwovarietiesofHausa 397
H.EkkehardWolff
Languageindex 417
Nameindex 421
Subjectindex 425
TSL[v.20020404] Prn:1/12/2005;9:10 F:TSL64IN.tex / p.1(ix)
Introduction
F.K.ErhardVoeltz
UniversitätzuKöln
ThepresentvolumeisaselectionofpaperspresentedattheInternationalSymposium:
TypologyofAfricanLanguagesheldat SanktAugustinundertheauspicesoftheIn-
stitut für Afrikanistik, Universitätzu Köln.It was the aim ofthe symposium togive
newimpetustoAfricanlinguistictypologicalissuesandtolaunchalargescaleproject
roughlytobenamed‘TypologyofAfricanLanguages’theaimofwhichitwasandisto
builduponthefoundationlaidbyHeine1975.
The twenty-one papers brought together here reflect the broad perspective of
African linguistic topology studies today. While similar volumes a generation ago
would present language material from a very restricted area and perspective, the
presentcontributionsreflecttheglobalinterestandorientationofcurrentAfricanlin-
guisticstudies.Thestudiesarenearlyallimplicationalinnature.Baseduponadetailed
surveyofaparticularlinguisticphenomenoninagivenlanguageorlanguageareacon-
clusionsaredrawnaboutthegeneralnatureofthisphenomenoninthelanguagesof
Africa and beyond. They represent as such a first step that may ultimately lead to a
more thoroughunderstanding ofAfrican linguistic structures. This approach iswell
justified. Taking the other road, attempting to pick out linguistic details from often
fairlysuperficiallydocumentedlanguagesrunstherisk thatthedataanditsimplica-
tionsforthestructureinvestigatedmightbemisunderstood.Consequentiallyonlyvery
fewstudiesofthisnaturegivingtheverybroadperspective,theoverviewofaparticular
structuretypecoveringthewholeAfricancontinentarerepresentedhere.
African linguistic studies still form a cohesive body without too much theme-
specific specialization. The papers arethusarranged here in simple alphabetic order
astheywerepresentedatthecolloquiumitself.WebeginwithBatibo’scontribution,
which deals with the source and developmentof certain tam markers in two South
African Bantu languages, Sotho and Zulu. While he is able to confirm observation
madeby Bybeeet al. 1994regarding some aspects ofgrammaticalization in the lan-
guagesinvestigated,heneverthelessobservestwopointsofbroaderissuesnotcovered
there: i. the use of a perfect marker ‘-ile’ with ‘future’ meaning in Sotho, and ii. the
verydifferentialdevelopmentofthetammarker‘go’inSothoandZulu.Intheformer