Table Of ContentES
dt
iu
t
e
d
d
bM
y
a
F
rn
a
a
n Stud Managers’ Handbook
kg
He Volume 18
.r
Bs
a’
kH
e
ra
n
d
b
o
o
k
V
o
l
u
Edited by
m
Frank H. Baker
e
1
8
ISBN 978-0-367-28903-4
www.routledge.com aninformabusiness
(cid:31)
STUD MANAGERS' HANDBOOK
VOLUME 18
International Stockmen's School Handbooks
Stud Managers' Handbook
Volume 18
edited by Frank H. Baker
The 1983 lntematlonal Stockmen 's School Handbooks Include more than 200 technical
papers presented at this year's Stockmen's School-sponsored by Wlnrock International-by
outstanding animal scientists, agribusiness leaders, and livestock producers expert In animal
technology, animal management, and general fields relevant to animal agriculture.
The Handbooks represent advanced technology In a problem-oriented form readily accessible
to livestock producers, operators of family farms, managers of agribusinesses, scholars, and
students of animal agriculture. The Beef Cattle Sdence Handbook, the Dairy Sdence Handbook,
the Sheep and Goat Handbook, and the Stud Managers' Handbook each Include papers on
such general topics as genetics and selection; general anatomy and physiology; reproduction;
behavior and animal welfare; feeds and nutrition; pastures, ranges, and forests; health, diseases,
and parasites; buildings, equipment, and environment; animal management; marketing and
economics (Including product processing, when relevant); farm and ranch business management
and economics; computer use In animal enterprises; and production systems. The four Handbooks
also contain papers specifically related to the type of animal considered.
Frank H. Baker Is director of the International Stockmen's School at Wlnrock International,
where he Is also program officer of the National Program. An animal production and nutrition
specialist, Dr. Baker has served as dean of the School of Agriculture at Oklahoma State
University, president of the American Society of Animal Science, president of the Council on
Agricultural Science and Technology, and executive secretary of the National Beef Improvement
Federation.
A Winrock International Project
Serving People Through Animal Agriculture
This handbook Is composed of papers presented at the
International Stockmen's School
January 2-6, 1983, San Antonio, Texas
sponsored by Winrock International
A worldwide need exists to more productively exploit animal
agriculture in the efficient utilization of natural and human
resources. It is in filling this need and carrying out the public
service aspirations of the late Winthrop Rockefeller, Governor
of Arkansas, that Winrock International bases Its mission to
advance agriculture for the benefit of people. Winrock's focus
is to help generate income, supply employment, and provide
food through the use of animals.
INTERNATIONAL STOCKMEN'S SCHOOL HANDBOOKS
STUD MANAGERS'
HANDBOOK
VOLUME 18
edited by Frank H. Baker
I~ ~~o~~~;n~~:up
LONDON AND NEW YORK
Permission was granted to Winrock International by the authors of the following
chapters to include this material for which the copyright is held by the authors:
James P. McCall and L. R. McCall
(19) Expressions of the Horse, pages 157-162
(20) Body English, pages 163-164
(21) Breaking Without Force, pages 165-167
(22) Social Hierarchy, pages 168-173
John L. Merrill
(38) Determining Carrying Capacity on Rangeland to set Stocking Rates
That Will Be Most Productive, pages 314-324
First published 1983 by Westview Press
Published 2019 by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group,
an informa business
Copyright © 1983 by Winrock International
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic,
mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented,
including photocopying and recording, or in any information
storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from
the publishers.
Notice:
Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered
trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation
without intent to infringe.
ISBN 13: 978-0-367-28903-4(hbk)
CONTENTS
Preface. • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • . • . • • . . • • . • . • • . . . • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • xi
Part 1. THE HORSE INDUSTRY AND ITS HERITAGE
1. Centaurs, Cavalry, and Cowboys, Richard L. Willham 3
2. A National View of Horse Programs, Michael J. Nolan 15
3. Present Day Usage and Future Opportunities
for Draft Horses and Mules, Maurice Telleen .•••.••• 18
Part 2. GENERAL CONCEPTS AFFECTING AGRICULTURE AND
THE INDUSTRY
4. Foundation of Civilization: Food,
Allen D. Tillman. • • • . • • . • • • • • • • • • . . • . . . • • . • . . • • . • . • 31
5. World Livestock Feed Relationships: Their Meaning
to U.S. Agriculture, Richardo. Wheeler and
Kenneth B. Young...... . • • • • . • . • . . • • • • . • • . • • . . • • . • • • 43
6. Political Challenges for Today's Animal Agriculture,
George Stone. • • . • • • . • . . . . . . • . • . . . . • . • • • . . . . • . • • • • . • 51
7. Regulation of Agricultural Chemicals, Growth
Promotants, and Feed Additives, O. D. Butler....... 58
8. World Agriculture in Hostile and Benign Climatic
Settings, Wayne L. Decker.......................... 64
9. The Impacts of Climatic Variabilities on Livestock
Production, Wayne L. Decker........................ 73
Part 3. GENETICS AND SELECTION
10. Genetic Improvements in Horses, Joe B. Armstrong... 81
11. Genetics of the Performance Horse,
Joe B. Armstrong. . • • • • • . • . • • . • • • • • • . • • • . • • • • . • • • • • • 91
12. Conformation and Structure: A Basis for Selection
in Horses, James C. Heird.......................... 97
viii
Part 4. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND REPRODUCTION
13. Similar Anatomical and Developmental
Characteristics of Sheep, Cattle, and Horses,
Robert A. Long..................................... 105
14. Hormonal Regulation of the Estrous Cycle,
Roy L. Ax.......................................... 113
15. Prostaglandin F2 Alpha as an Aid in Breeding Mares,
James W. Lauderdale. . . . • . . • . • . . • . • • . • . . • . . • • • . . . • • . 120
16. Analysis of Reproductive Patterns in Mares by
Radio Telemetry and Estroprobe, Joe B. Armstrong .•. 124
17. Influence of Body Condition on Reproductive
Performance of Mares, Don R. Henneke,
Gary D. Potter, Jack L. Kreider, B. F. Yeates,
and Doug Householder.... • • • • . . • . • • • . • . • • • • • • • • • • • . • 133
18. Stallion Management and Semen Handling,
Gary W. Webb and Jack L. Kreider .••••••••••.•.••••• 145
Part 5. BEHAVIOR AND TRAINING
19. Expressions of the Horse, James P. McCall and
L. R. McCall....................................... 157
20. Body English, James P. McCall and L. R. McCall .•.•• 163
21. Breaking Without Force, James P. McCall and
L. R. McCall....................................... 165
22. Social Hierarchy, James P. McCall and L. R. McCall. 168
23. Learning Ability: The Limiting Factor in Horse
Training, James c. Heird ••...•..••...•.•..••.•....• 174
Part 6. ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY, ENVIRONMENT, AND WELFARE
24. Livestock Psychology and Handling-Facility Design,
Temple Grandin....... • • • • • • . • • • • • . . . • • • • • • • • • • • • . • . 181
25. Measuring an Animal's Environment,
Stanley E. Curtis. • . • • • . • . • . • • . • • • • • • • • • • • . . • • • • • • . 19 6
26. Measuring Environmental Stress in Farm Animals,
Stanley E. Curtis. • • • • • • • • • . . • . • • . • • • • • . . • • . • • . • • . • 21 7
27. Animal Welfare: An International Perspective,
Stanley E. Curtis and Harold D. Guither •••...•..... 228
ix
Part 7. FEEDS AND NUTRITION
28. Nutrient Requirements and Sample Rations for
Horses, Doyle G. Meadows........................... 235
29. Feeding Mares for Maximum Reproduction Efficiency,
Melvin Bradley.................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
30. Feeding Growing Horses for Soundness,
Melvin Bradley..................................... 254
31. Feedstuff Evaluation and Nutrient Value for Horses,
Doyle G. Meadows. . • • • . • • . • • • • • • . . . • • • . • • • . • • • • • • • • • 262
32. Protein Supplements for Lactating Mares and Effects
on Foal Growth, Doyle G. Meadows ••••••••••••••••••• 267
33. Quality and Quantity Control in Horse Feeding,
Melvin Bradley..................................... 274
34. Feeding Management of the Horse, Doyle G. Meadows .• 278
Part 8. PASTURE, FORAGE, AND RANGE
35. Understanding Range Condition for Profitable
Ranching, Martin H. Gonzalez ••••••••••••••••••••••• 287
36. Range Improvement Practices and Comparative
Economics, Martin H. Gonzalez ••••••••••••••••.••.•• 294
37. What Type of Grazing System for My Ranch ••• ?
Martin H. Gonzalez. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
38. Determining Carrying Capacity on Rangeland to Set
Stocking Rates That Will Be Most Productive,
John L. Merrill.................................... 314
Part 9. HEALTH, DISEASE, AND PARASITES
39. Infectious Livestock Diseases: Their Worldwide
Toll, Harry C. Mussman ......................•...... 327
40. Impact of Animal Diseases in World Trade,
Harry C. Mussman................................... 335
41. How to Tell Which Is the Lame Leg,
William c. McMullen................................ 341
42. Biology and Control of Insect Pests of Horses,
R. O. Drummond..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
