Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) in Aerospace Structures

493 Pages·2016·41.546 MB·English

by  Yuan, Fuh-Gwo

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Woodhead Publishing Series in Composites
Science and Engineering: Number 68
Structural Health Monitoring
(SHM) in Aerospace
Structures
Edited by
Fuh-Gwo Yuan
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List of contributors
J. Chiachío University of Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva, Granada, Spain
M. Chiachío University of Granada,Campus de Fuentenueva, Granada, Spain
M.M. Derriso Air Force Research Laboratory,Wright-Patterson AFB, OH,
United States
K. Goebel NASA Ames Research Center, Intelligent Systems Division, Moffett
Field, United States
M. Hong The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
W. Huang NationalInstitute ofAerospace, Hampton, VA, United States;
NorthCarolina State University, Raleigh, NC,UnitedStates
X. Jiang NorthCarolina State University, Raleigh, NC,UnitedStates
F. Li Electronic Materials Research Laboratory,Xi’anJiaotongUniversity, Xi’an,
China
Y.Y. Lim Civil Engineering, School of Environment, Science and Engineering,
Southern Cross University, Lismore NSW, Australia
P. Liu Korea Advanced Instituteof Science andTechnology, Daejeon, Korea
C.D. McCurry Booz Allen Hamilton, Dayton, OH, United States
J.E.Michaels Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
Y. Okabe The University ofTokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo,Japan
P.F. Pai University ofMissouri, Columbia, MO,UnitedStates
S. Palagummi North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States;
National Instituteof Aerospace, Hampton, VA,UnitedStates
R.W. Ross NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, United States
A. Saxena General Electric Global Research, San Ramon, UnitedStates
C.M.SchubertKabban AirForceInstituteofTechnology,Wright-PattersonAFB,
OH, United States
xii Listofcontributors
C.-K.Soh SchoolofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineering,NanyangTechnological
University, Singapore
H. Sohn KoreaAdvanced Instituteof Science andTechnology,Daejeon, Korea
Z. Su The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Z. Tian University ofSouthCarolina,Columbia, SC, United States
Q. Wu The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
T.-B. Xu National Instituteof Aerospace, Exploration Way, Hampton, VA,
UnitedStates
F.P. Yu Institute ofCrystal Materials, Shandong University, Ji’nan, China
L. Yu University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
F.-G.Yuan NationalInstitute ofAerospace, Hampton, VA, United States;
NorthCarolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
J. Zhang University of Bristol, Bristol, UnitedKingdom
S.J.Zhang MaterialsResearchInstitute,PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,University
Park,PA, United States
Woodhead Publishing Series in
Composites Science and Engineering
1 Thermoplasticaromaticpolymercomposites
F.N.Cogswell
2 Designandmanufactureofcompositestructures
G.C.Eckold
3 Handbookofpolymercompositesforengineers
EditedbyL.C.Hollaway
4 Optimisationofcompositestructuresdesign
A.Miravete
5 Short-fibrepolymercomposites
EditedbyS.K.DeandJ.R.White
6 Flow-inducedalignmentincompositematerials
EditedbyT.D.PapthanasiouandD.C.Guell
7 Thermosetresinsforcomposites
CompiledbyTechnolex
8 Microstructuralcharacterisationoffibre-reinforcedcomposites
EditedbyJ.Summerscales
9 Compositematerials
F.L.MatthewsandR.D.Rawlings
10 3-Dtextilereinforcementsincompositematerials
EditedbyA.Miravete
11 Pultrusionforengineers
EditedbyT.Starr
12 Impactbehaviouroffibre-reinforcedcompositematerialsandstructures
EditedbyS.R.ReidandG.Zhou
13 Finiteelementmodellingofcompositematerialsandstructures
F.L.Matthews,G.A.O.Davies,D.HitchingsandC.Soutis
14 Mechanicaltestingofadvancedfibrecomposites
EditedbyG.M.Hodgkinson
15 Integrateddesignandmanufactureusingfibre-reinforcedpolymericcomposites
EditedbyM.J.OwenandI.A.Jones
16 Fatigueincomposites
EditedbyB.Harris
17 Greencomposites
EditedbyC.Baillie
18 Multi-scalemodellingofcompositematerialsystems
EditedbyC.SoutisandP.W.R.Beaumont
19 Lightweightballisticcomposites
EditedbyA.Bhatnagar
xiv WoodheadPublishingSeriesinCompositesScienceandEngineering
20 Polymernanocomposites
Y.-W.MaiandZ.-Z.Yu
21 Propertiesandperformanceofnatural-fibrecomposite
EditedbyK.Pickering
22 Ageingofcomposites
EditedbyR.Martin
23 Tribologyofnaturalfiberpolymercomposites
N.ChandandM.Fahim
24 Wood-polymercomposites
EditedbyK.O.NiskaandM.Sain
25 Delaminationbehaviourofcomposites
EditedbyS.Sridharan
26 Scienceandengineeringofshortfibrereinforcedpolymercomposites
S.-Y.Fu,B.LaukeandY.-M.Mai
27 Failureanalysisandfractographyofpolymercomposites
E.S.Greenhalgh
28 Management,recyclingandreuseofwastecomposites
EditedbyV.Goodship
29 Materials,designandmanufacturingforlightweightvehicles
EditedbyP.K.Mallick
30 Fatiguelifepredictionofcompositesandcompositestructures
EditedbyA.P.Vassilopoulos
31 Physicalpropertiesandapplicationsofpolymernanocomposites
EditedbyS.C.TjongandY.-W.Mai
32 Creepandfatigueinpolymermatrixcomposites
EditedbyR.M.Guedes
33 Interfaceengineeringofnaturalfibrecompositesformaximumperformance
EditedbyN.E.Zafeiropoulos
34 Polymer-carbonnanotubecomposites
EditedbyT.McNallyandP.P€otschke
35 Non-crimpfabriccomposites:Manufacturing,propertiesandapplications
EditedbyS.V.Lomov
36 Compositereinforcementsforoptimumperformance
EditedbyP.Boisse
37 Polymermatrixcompositesandtechnology
R.Wang,S.ZengandY.Zeng
38 Compositejointsandconnections
EditedbyP.CamanhoandL.Tong
39 Machiningtechnologyforcompositematerials
EditedbyH.Hocheng
40 Failuremechanismsinpolymermatrixcomposites
EditedbyP.Robinson,E.S.GreenhalghandS.Pinho
41 Advancesinpolymernanocomposites:Typesandapplications
EditedbyF.Gao
42 Manufacturingtechniquesforpolymermatrixcomposites(PMCs)
EditedbyS.AdvaniandK.-T.Hsiao
43 Non-destructiveevaluation(NDE)ofpolymermatrixcomposites:Techniques
andapplications
EditedbyV.M.Karbhari
WoodheadPublishingSeriesinCompositesScienceandEngineering xv
44 Environmentallyfriendlypolymernanocomposites:Types,processing
andproperties
S.S.Ray
45 Advancesinceramicmatrixcomposites
EditedbyI.M.Low
46 Ceramicnanocomposites
EditedbyR.BanerjeeandI.Manna
47 Naturalfibrecomposites:Materials,processesandproperties
EditedbyA.HodzicandR.Shanks
48 Residualstressesincompositematerials
EditedbyM.Shokrieh
49 Healthandenvironmentalsafetyofnanomaterials:Polymernanocomposites
andothermaterialscontainingnanoparticles
EditedbyJ.Njuguna,K.PielichowskiandH.Zhu
50 Polymercompositesintheaerospaceindustry
EditedbyP.E.IrvingandC.Soutis
51 Biofiberreinforcementincompositematerials
EditedbyO.FarukandM.Sain
52 Fatigue andfractureof adhesively-bondedcompositejoints: Behaviour,simulation
andmodelling
EditedbyA.P.Vassilopoulos
53 Fatigueoftextilecomposites
EditedbyV.CarvelliandS.V.Lomov
54 Woodcomposites
EditedbyM.P.Ansell
55 Tougheningmechanismsincompositematerials
EditedbyQ.QinandJ.Ye
56 Advancesincompositesmanufacturingandprocessdesign
EditedbyP.Boisse
57 Structural integrity and durability of advanced composites: Innovative modelling
methodsandintelligentdesign
EditedbyP.W.R.Beaumont,C.SoutisandA.Hodzic
58 Recentadvancesinsmartself-healingpolymersandcomposites
EditedbyG.LiandH.Meng
59 Manufacturingofnanocompositeswithengineeringplastics
EditedbyV.Mittal
60 Fillersandreinforcementsforadvancednanocomposites
EditedbyY.Dong,R.UmerandA.Kin-TakLau
61 Biocomposites:Designandmechanicalperformance
EditedbyM.Misra,J.K.PandeyandA.K.Mohanty
62 Numericalmodellingoffailureinadvancedcompositematerials
EditedbyP.P.CamanhoandS.R.Hallett
63 Marineapplicationsofadvancedfibre-reinforcedcomposites
EditedbyJ.Graham-JonesandJ.Summerscales
64 Smart composite coatings and membranes: Transport, structural, environmental
andenergyapplications
EditedbyM.F.Montemor
65 Modellingdamage,fatigueandfailureofcompositematerials
EditedbyR.TalrejaandJ.Varna
xvi WoodheadPublishingSeriesinCompositesScienceandEngineering
66 Advancedfibrouscompositematerialsforballisticprotection
EditedbyX.Chen
67 Lightweightcompositestructuresintransport
EditedbyJ.Njuguna
68 Structuralhealthmonitoring(SHM)inaerospacestructures
EditedbyF.-G.Yuan
69 Dynamicdeformationandfractureincompositematerialsandstructures
EditedbyV.Silberschmidt
Preface
Over the last twenty years the area of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has been
experiencingspectacularprogress.Thisprogresscanbewitnessedbythemanyinter-
nationalconferences,workshopsandseveralnewlyestablishedjournalsregardingthis
topic.Theapplicationshavealsoexpandedfromaerospace,civilandmechanicalstruc-
tures, now to essentially all other types of critical structures including those in the
nuclear, marine, and wind turbine industries.
ThewidespreadadoptionofSHMinaerospacestructurescouldenhancesafetyand
reliability,whiledecreasingdowntime,operatingandmaintenancecosts.Thesecosts
increase asaircraft age and are estimated to reach about a quarter ofthe fleets’oper-
ating costs. SHM includes an integrated network system of sensors which monitor
structuralcomponents.Thissystemcouldhavefutureapplicationsinthehealthofelec-
tronics,hydraulics, avionicsand other components inflight systems.
The SHM field encompasses trans-disciplinary areas including smart materials,
sensors and actuators, damage diagnosis and prognosis, signal and image processing
algorithms, wireless intelligent sensing, data fusion, self-healing and energy harvest-
ing. This book will focus on how SHM techniques are applied to aircraft structures
withparticularemphasisonthestructuresmadebycompositematerials.Ihaveinvited
leadingexpertsfromindustry,academiaandgovernmentresearchagenciestoprovide
the currentstate-of-the-art and future perspectives inthis specific area of research.
Thebookcoversrecentcutting-edgeresearchdevelopmentsandnewtechnologies
inSHM,inparticularinaerospacestructures,andisdividedintofourmainparts.The
firstpart,consistingofthefirsttwochapters,willprovideanoverviewofSHMtech-
nologiesthatarebeingusedinindustry,academia,andgovernment-suppotedresearch
laboratories.ThefirstchapterfocusesonhowIntegratedVehicleHealthManagement
(IVHM) and Integrated Systems Health Management (ISHM) would extend health
monitoringbeyondstructurestoincludetheentirevehicle.Thesecondpartconsisting
ofsixchapterswillbedevotedtosmartmaterialsandstructuresinsensors,actuators
andenergyharvestingdevices.Piezoelectricmaterialswillbediscussedwithfocuson
applicationsincryogenicandhigh-temperatureenvironments.Thetopicofopticalfi-
bersensingwillcenteronrecentdevelopmentinultrasonicdamagedetection.Anew
sensing material, called flexoelectric material, will be introduced, followed by recent
advancesinstraingradientsensing.Twomechanismsforharvestingvibrationenergy
areseparatelydiscussedintwochaptersforpoweringwirelesssensors:firstusingelec-
tromechanicaltransductionfrompiezoelectricmaterials,andsecondusingelectromag-
netictransduction from diamagnetic levitation.