Structural Geology and Rock Engineering

552 Pages·2016·67.437 MB·English

by  John W Cosgrove, John A Hudson

The Carrara marble quarry in Italy where there is interaction between the tectonised marble
properties and the extraction techniques.
The Marble Arch monument in London, UK, is a 19th century triumphal arch designed by John
Nash in 1827. It is faced with Carrara marble and located at the west end of Oxford Street.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Cosgrove, J. W. (John W.) | Hudson, J. A. (John A.), 1940–
Title: Structural geology and rock engineering / John W. Cosgrove
(Imperial College London, UK) & John A. Hudson (Imperial College London, UK).
Description: New Jersey : Imperial College Press, 2016. | Includes bibliographical references.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016000965| ISBN 9781783269563 (hc : alk. paper) |
ISBN 9781783269570 (pbk : alk. paper)
Subjects: LCSH: Rock mechanics. | Engineering geology. | Geology, Structural.
Classification: LCC TA706 .C67 2016 | DDC 624.1/51--dc23
LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2016000965
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Printed in Singapore
This book is dedicated to Carol M. Hudson — with thanks for her
‘forensic’ talents in spotting grammatical and typing mistakes in the draft
version of this book. The mistakes may not all have been eliminated but,
thanks to Carol’s help, there are now far fewer.
Carol Hudson
(sitting on Carstone stratum, a bioturbated ferruginous sandstone
conglomerate, leaning against the iron pigmented Red Chalk, and below
the superincumbent grey-white Lower Chalk, UK)
TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk
“The drive to connect.
The dream of a common language”.
Adrienne Rich
vii
TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk
PREFACE
The writing of this book was stimulated by four factors.
— Structural geologists have a great deal to contribute to rock engineer-
ing design and rock engineers need structural geology input for pro-
ject design — which is now invariably computer based.
— T he authors have consulted together on a variety of rock engineering
projects in different countries.
— T he authors have also given many Short Courses together on struc-
tural geology and rock engineering which has resulted in the develop-
ment of a structured approach to the synthesis of the subjects.
— A t Imperial College in London, the subjects of structural geology and
rock engineering are both located in the Department of Earth Science
and Engineering where the authors are based.
Although structural geology is concerned with interpreting past events,
e.g., establishing how a particular rock formation was generated, and rock
engineering design is concerned with future events, e.g., designing an
underground repository for radioactive waste such that radionuclides will
not migrate to the biosphere for many years, there is an intimate linkage
between the two subjects. In particular, the idiosyncrasies of rock stress
and rock fractures are common to the two subjects, as we outline in the
ix
x Structural Geology and Rock Engineering
introductory Chapter 1 overview and in the more detailed Chapters 2 and
3. The synthesis itself is demonstrated via the Chapter 4 case example of
the Clifton Suspension Bridge in the UK. In the following Chapters 5–9,
we provide overviews of a variety of engineering case examples, ranging
through quarries, dams, opencast coal mining, underground rock engi-
neering and historical monuments. Chapter 10 is a concluding discussion
of the combined structural geology and rock engineering approach, and
the Chapter 11 epilogue demonstrates how the approach even assists on
the small scale.
John W. Cosgrove
John A. Hudson
2015