Stripes and Related Phenomena

556 Pages·2002·20.647 MB·English

by  K. A. Müller (auth.), Antonio Bianconi, Naurang L. Saini (eds.)

Stripes and Related
Phenomena
SELECTED TOPICS IN SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
Series Editor: Stuart Wolf
Naval Research Laboratory
Washington, D.C.
CASE STUDIES IN SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS
Design and Operational Issues
Yukikasu Iwasa
ELECTROMAGNETIC ABSORPTION IN THE COPPER OXIDE
SUPERCONDUCTORS
Frank J. Owens and Charles P. Poole, Jr.
INTRODUCTION TO HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
Thomas Sheahen
THE NEW SUPERCONDUCTORS
Frank J. Owens and Charles P. Poole, Jr.
NONEQUILIBRIUM ELECTRONS AND PHONONS IN
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
Armen M. Gulian and Gely F Zharkov
QUANTUM STATISTICAL THEORY OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
Shigeji Fujita and Salvador Godoy
STABILITY OF SUPERCONDUCTORS
Lawrence Dresner
STRIPES AND RELATED PHENOMENA
Edited by Antonio Bianconi and Naurang L. Saini
A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring delivery of each new volume immediately upon
publication. Volumes are billedonlyupon actual shipment. For further information please contact the publisher.
Stripes and Related
Phenomena
Edited by
Antonio Bianconi
Università di Roma “La Sapienza”
Rome, Italy
and
Naurang L. Saini
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica della Materia
Rome, Italy
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
NEW YORK, BOSTON, DORDRECHT, LONDON, MOSCOW
(cid:72)(cid:37)(cid:82)(cid:82)(cid:78)(cid:44)(cid:54)(cid:37)(cid:49)(cid:29) 0-306-47100-0
(cid:51)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:44)(cid:54)(cid:37)(cid:49)(cid:29) 0-306-46419-5
(cid:139)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:21)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:79)(cid:88)(cid:90)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:36)(cid:70)(cid:68)(cid:71)(cid:72)(cid:80)(cid:76)(cid:70)(cid:3)(cid:51)(cid:88)(cid:69)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:86)
(cid:49)(cid:72)(cid:90)(cid:3)(cid:60)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:78)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:37)(cid:82)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:39)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:71)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:70)(cid:75)(cid:87)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:47)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:48)(cid:82)(cid:86)(cid:70)(cid:82)(cid:90)
(cid:51)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:139)2000Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers
New York
(cid:36)(cid:79)(cid:79)(cid:3)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:74)(cid:75)(cid:87)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:86)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:89)(cid:72)(cid:71)
(cid:49)(cid:82)(cid:3)(cid:83)(cid:68)(cid:85)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:72)(cid:37)(cid:82)(cid:82)(cid:78)(cid:3)(cid:80)(cid:68)(cid:92)(cid:3)(cid:69)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:83)(cid:85)(cid:82)(cid:71)(cid:88)(cid:70)(cid:72)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:85)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:86)(cid:80)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:92)(cid:3)(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:80)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:69)(cid:92)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:92)(cid:3)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:86)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:72)(cid:79)(cid:72)(cid:70)(cid:87)(cid:85)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:76)(cid:70)(cid:15)
(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:70)(cid:75)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:76)(cid:70)(cid:68)(cid:79)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:70)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:71)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:74)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:90)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:72)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:90)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:82)(cid:88)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:90)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:70)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:86)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:73)(cid:85)(cid:82)(cid:80)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:51)(cid:88)(cid:69)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:85)
(cid:38)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:56)(cid:81)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:87)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:36)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:70)(cid:68)
(cid:57)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:79)(cid:88)(cid:90)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:50)(cid:81)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:29)(cid:3)(cid:3) (cid:75)(cid:87)(cid:87)(cid:83)(cid:29)(cid:18)(cid:18)(cid:78)(cid:79)(cid:88)(cid:90)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:72)(cid:17)(cid:70)(cid:82)(cid:80)
(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:79)(cid:88)(cid:90)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:10)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:72)(cid:37)(cid:82)(cid:82)(cid:78)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:29) (cid:75)(cid:87)(cid:87)(cid:83)(cid:29)(cid:18)(cid:18)(cid:72)(cid:69)(cid:82)(cid:82)(cid:78)(cid:86)(cid:17)(cid:78)(cid:79)(cid:88)(cid:90)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:72)(cid:17)(cid:70)(cid:82)(cid:80)
Preface
The problem of superconductors has been a central issue in Solid State Physics
since 1987. After thediscovery of superconductivity(HTSC)indopedperovskites,
it was realized that the HTSC appears in an unknown complex electronic phase ofcon-
densed matter. In the early years, all theories ofHTSC were focusedon the physics ofa
homogeneous 2D metal with large electron–electron correlations or on a 2D polaron gas.
Only after 1990, a novel paradigmstarted to grow where this 2D metallic phase is described
as an inhomogeneous metal. This was the outcome of several experimental evidences of
phase separation at low doping. Since 1992, a series of conferences on phase separation
were organized to allow scientists to gettogether to discuss the phaseseparation and related
issues.
Following the discovery by the Rome group in 1992 that “the charges move freely
mainly in one direction like the water running in the grooves in the corrugated iron foil,”
a new scenario to understand superconductivity in the superconductors was open.
Because the charges move like rivers, the physics of these materials shifts toward the
physics of novel mesoscopic heterostructures and complex electronic solids. Therefore,
understanding the striped phases in the perovskites not only provides an opportunity to
understand the anomalous metallic state of cuprate superconductors, but also suggests a
way to design new materials of technological importance. Indeed, the stripes are becoming
a field of general scientific interest.
This book is a collection of papers in the field of stripes and related phenomena. The
mostrelevant theoretical and experimental contributions, presented at the second interna-
tional conference on Stripes and Superconductivity from experts in the field of
stripes and related phenomena are selected for the publication. Apart from the relevant con-
tribution on stripes in the cuprates, the book includescontributions on other stripe phases
observed in manganites, nikelates, spin ladders, and heterostructures. Because a large stream
of research is converging toward the stripe scenario with a growing community, this book
serves as an important reference in the field of stripedphases and superconductivity.
We would like to thank Anna De Grossi for her secretarial help, and Kevin Sequeira,
Diana Osborne, and Robert Maged at Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers for their
continuous support.
v
Contents
INTRODUCTORY OVERVIEW
From Phase Separation to Stripes 1
K. A. Miiller
Lattice-Charge Stripes in the Superconductors 9
A.Bianconi, S.Agrestini, G. Bianconi, D.DiCastro, and N.L. Saini
STRIPES, CDW, AND SDW INSTABILITIES IN CUPRATES:
THEORETICAL ASPECTS
Stripes,Electron-Like andPolaron-LikeCarriers, and intheCuprates 27
J. Ashkenazi
Charge Ordering and Stripe Formation in Cuprates 39
A. Bussmann-Holder
The Stripe-Phase Quantum-Critical-Point Scenario for Superconductors 45
S.Caprara, C.Castellani, C.DiCastro,M.Grilli,A. Perali, andM. Sulpizi
Phase and Amplitude Fluctuation in Superconductors: Formation of Gap Stripes
Due to Lack of Electron-Hole Symmetry in Cuprate Oxides 55
B. K. Chakraverty and K. P. Jain
Stripe on a Lattice: Superconducting Kink/Soliton Condensate 63
Yu.A.Dimashko and C.Morais Smith
Microscopic Theory of High-Temperature Superconductivity 69
V. J. Emery and S. A. Kivelson
Two Reasons of Instability in Layered Cuprates 77
I. Eremin, M. Eremin, and S. Varlamov
Influence of Disorder and Lattice Potentials on the Striped Phase 83
N. Hasselmann, A. H. Castro Neto, and C. Morais Smith
Stripe Liquid, Crystal, and Glass Phases of Doped Antiferromagnets 91
S. A. Kivelson and V. J. Emery
Dynamical Mean-Field Theory of Stripe Ordering 101
A.I.Lichtenstein, M. Fleck,A.M.Oles, andL. Hedin
Tunneling and Photoemission in an SO(6) Superconductor 111
R. S. Markiewicz, C. Kusko, and M. T. Vaughn
vii
viii Contents
Spin,Charge, andOrbitalOrderingin3d Transition-MetalOxidesStudied by
Model Hartree–Fock Calculation 121
T. Mizokawa,andA.Fujimori
Sliding Stripes in 2D Antiferromagnets 129
C. Morais Smith, Yu. A. Dimashko, N. Hasselmann, and A. O. Caldeira
QuantumInterferenceMechanismoftheStripe-PhaseOrdering 135
S. I. Mukhin
SpontaneousOrientationof aQuantumLatticeString 143
O. Y. Osman, W. van Saarloos, and J. Zaanen
Domain Wall Structures in the Two-Dimensional Hubbard Modelwith
Long-Range Coulomb Interaction 151
G.Seibold, C. Castellani, C.DiCastro,and M. Grilli
POLARONS,TWO COMPONENTS,ANDLATTICEINSTABILITIESINCUPRATES
Boson–Fermion Mixtures,d-WaveCondensate, andTunnelinginCuprates 159
A. S. Alexandrov
The SmallPolaron Crossover:Roleof Dimensionality 169
M. Capone, S. Ciuchi, and C. Grimaldi
CDW Instability and Infrared Absorption of an Interacting Large Polaron Gas 175
V. Cataudella, G. DeFilippis, andG. Iadonisi
The Charge-Ordered State from Weak to Strong Coupling 183
S. Ciuchi and F. dePasquale
Low-Temperature PhononAnomalies inCuprates 191
T.Egami, R.J. McQueeney,Y.Petrov, G. Shirane,andY.Endoh
EnhancedThermoelectricPower andStripes inCuprateSuperconductors 199
J. B. Goodenough and J. -S. Zhou
ARefinedPictureof the YBa2Cu3OxStructure:SequenceofDimpling-ChainSuperstructures,
1D-ModulationofthePlanes,Phase SeparationPhenomena 211
E. Kaldis, E. Liarokapis, N. Poulakis, D. Palles, and K. Conder
Evolution of the Gap Structure from Underdoped to Optimally Doped
from Femtosecond Optical Spectroscopy 219
D. Mihailovic, J. Demsar, and B. Podobnik
LocalLatticeDistortionsin YBa Cu O : DopingDependence 227
2 3 y
H. Oyanagi,J. Zegenhagen,andT. Haage
STRIPE EFFECTS ON THE ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE
Fermi Surface of Superconductor by Angle-Scanning Photoemission 237
M. C. Asensio, J. Avila, N. L. Saini, A. Lanzara, A. Bianconi, S. Tajima,
G. D. Gu, and N. Koshizuka
Local Lattice Fluctuations and the Incoherent ARPES Background 245
J. Ranninger and A. Romano
Evidence for StronglyInteractingElectronswithCollectiveModes at
and in the NormalPhase of Superconductors 253
N. L. Saini, A. Lanzara, A. Bianconi, J. Avila, M. C. Asensio,
S. Tajima, G. D. Gu, and N. Koshizuka
Contents ix
Angle-ResolvedPhotoemissionStudy of 1DChainandTwo-Leg Ladder 263
T. Sato, T. Yokoya, H. Fujisawa, T. Takahashi, M. Uehara, T. Nagata,
J.Akimitsu, S. Miyasaka, M. Kibune, and H. Takagi
Optical StudyofSpin/ChargeStripe OrderPhasein 271
S. Tajima, N. L. Wang, M. Takaba, N. Ichikawa, H. Eisaki,
S. Uchida, H. Kitano, and A. Maeda
SPIN AND LATTICE DYNAMICS AND SPIN STRIPES: NMR/NQR
AND NEUTRON SCATTERING
Vibrational Pseudo-Diffusive Motion of the Oxygen Octahedra in
fromAnelasticand139La Quadrupolar Relaxation 279
F. Cordero, C. R. Grandini, R. Cantelli, M. Corti, A. Campana, and A. Rigamonti
Charge andSpin Dynamicsof Cu-OChainsin Cuprates
An NMR/NQRStudy 287
B. Grévin, Y. Berthier, G. Collin, and P. Mendels
MobileAntiphaseDomainsinLightlyDopedLanthanumCuprate 295
P. C. Hammel, B. J. Suh, J. L. Sarrao, and Z. Fisk
OntheStructureoftheCuB Sitein La Sr CuO 303
1.85 0.15 4
J. Haase, R.Stern, D.G. Hinks,andC.P.Slichter
OntheEstimateoftheSpin-GapinQuasi-1DHeisenbergAntiferromagnets
from Nuclear Spin-Lattice Relaxation 309
R. Melzi and P. Carretta
Magnetic andChargeFluctuations in Superconductors 315
H.A. Mook,F.Dogan, and B.C. Chakoumakos
NeutronScatteringStudyofthe IncommensurateMagneticFluctuationin YBa Cu O 323
2 3 6+x
T.Nishijima,M.Arai, Y.Endoh,S. M.Bennington, R. S. Eccleston, andS. Tajima
Rare EarthSpinDynamicsintheNd-Doped Superconductor La Sr CuO 329
2–x x 4
M. Roepke, E. Holland-Moritz, B. Büchner, R. Borowski, R. Kahn, R. E. Lechner,
S. Longeville, and J. Fitter
StaticIncommensurate MagneticOrder intheSuperconducting Stateof La Sr CuO 335
2–x x 4+y
K. Yamada, R.J. Birgeneau, Y. Endoh, M. Fujita, K. Hirota, H. Kimura, C. H.Lee,
S. H. Lee, H. Matsushita, G. Shirane, S. Ueki, and S. Wakimoto
THEORETICAL ASPECTS: GENERAL
Marginal Stability of d-Wave Superconductor: Spontaneous Pand T Violation
in the PresenceofMagnetic Impurities 343
A. V. Balatsky and R. Movshovich
Skyrmions in2DQuantum HeisenbergAntiferromagnetStatic Magnetic Susceptibility 349
S. I. Belov and B. I. Kochelaev
SpinPeierls Order andd-WaveSuperconductivity 355
Partha Bhattacharyya
OnLocalizationEffects in UnderdopedCuprates 361
C. Castellani, P. Schwab, and M. Grilli
Interpolative Self-EnergyCalculation fortheDopedEmery Model inthe
AntiferromagneticandintheParamagneticState 369
J. Fritzenkötter and K. Dichtel
x Contents
The Quasi-ParticleDensity ofStatesof OptimallyDopedBi 2212: Break-Junction
vs.Vacuum-TunnelingMeasurements 377
R.S. Gonnelli, G.A. Ummarino,andV.A. Stepanov
Long-RangeTerms intheDynamically ScreenedPotential of 385
R. Grassme and P. Seidel
ChemicalAnalysis oftheSuperconductingCuprates byMeansofTheory 391
Itai Panas
SuperconductivitywithAntiferromagneticBackground ina Hubbard Model 399
S. Saito, S. Kurihara, and Y. Y. Suzuki
d-WaveSolution of Eliashberg Equations and Tunneling Density of States in
OptimallyDoped Superconductors 407
G.A. Ummarinoand R. S. Gonnelli
Enhancement ofElectron–PhononCoupling inExotic Superconductorsnear a
Ferroelectric Transition 413
M. Weger and M. Peter
STRIPE EFFECTS IN MANGANITES, LADDERS AND RELATED PEROVSKITES
Features of the Structural PhaseTransitions in 421
M. Arao, S. Miyazaki, Y. Inoue, and Y. Koyama
InfraredSignaturesofChargeDensityWaves inManganites 427
P.Calvani, P.Dore, G. DeMarzi,S. Lupi,I. Fedorov, P.Maselli,and S.-W.Cheong
RecentResultsintheContextofModelsforLadders 437
Elbio Dagotto, George Martins, Claudio Gazza, and André Malvezzi
Charge-OrderedStatesinDopedAFMs: Long-Range“Casimir”AttractionandInstability 447
Daniel W. Hone, Steven Kivelson, and Leonid P. Pryadko
FeaturesoftheModulatedStructureintheLayeredPerovskiteManganate 455
Y. Horibe, N. Komine, Y. Koyama, and Y. Inoue
NumericalStudiesofModelsforManganites 459
Adriana Moreo and Seiji Yunoki
Pressure-Induced Structural PhaseTransition in the Spin-Ladder Compounds
with Ba, Nd 465
S.Pachot,P. Bordet, C. Chaillout, C.Darie, R.J. Cava, M. Hanfland,M. Marezio
and H. Takagi
X-RayScatteringStudies ofCharge StripesinManganites andNickelates 473
Y. Su, C.-H. Du, B.K. Tanner, P. D. Hatton, S. P. Collins, S. Brown,
D. F. Paul, and S.-W. Cheong
ColossalNegativeMagnetoresistivity of FilmsinFieldupto50 T 481
P. Wagner, I. Gordon, L. Trappeniers, V. V. Moshchalkov, and Y. Bruynseraede
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION: FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES
Synthesis andCharacteristicsoftheIndium-Doped Tl-1212Phase 487
R. Awad, N. Gomaa, and M. T. Korayem
High-Frequency Optical Excitations in YBCO Measured from Differential Optical
Reflectivity 495
I. M. Fishman, W. R. Studenmund, and G. S. Kino
Contents xi
Low-Temperature Structural Phase Transitions and Suppression
in Zn-Substituted 501
Y. Inoue, Y. Horibe, and Y. Koyama
JosephsonNanostructuresandtheUniversalTransportandMagneticPropertiesofYBCO 507
J. Jung, H. Yan, H. Darhmaoui, and W. K. Kwok
EvidenceofChemicalPotentialJump atOptimal Dopingin 515
Z. G. LiandP. H. Hor
Studies of the Insulator to Metal Transition in the Deoxygenated
System 521
P. Starowicz, and
DifferentialOpticalReflectivity Measurements of 529
W. R. Studenmund, I. M. Fishman, G. S. Kino, and J. Giapintzakis
On SomeCommonFeaturesinHigh-and Superconducting Perovskites 535
I. Vobornik, D. Ariosa, H. Berger, L. Forró, R. Gatt, M. Grioni,
G. Margaritondo, M. Onellion, T. Schmauder, and D. Pavuna
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION: APPLICATION ASPECTS
Pinning Mechanisms in a-Axis-Oriented
and Multilayers 539
E. M. González, J. M. González, Ivan K. Schuller, and J. L. Vicent
Angular Dependence of the Irreversibility Line in Irradiated
a-Axis-Oriented Films 545
J. I. Martín, W.-K. Kwok, and J. L. Vicent
Defect-Modulated Long Josephson Junctions as Source of Strong Pinning in
Superconducting Films 551
E. Mezzetti, E. Crescio, R. Gerbaldo, G. Ghigo, L. Gozzelino, and B. Minetti
Bulk Confinement of Fluxons by Means of SurfacePatterning of Columnar
DefectsinBSCCO Tapes 559
E. Mezzetti, R. Gerbaldo, G. Ghigo, L. Gozzelino, B. Minetti, P. Caracino,
L. Gherardi, L. Martini, G. Cuttone, A. Rovelli, and R. Cherubini
OTHER MATERIALS
A Finite-SizeClusterStudy of 567
M. Cuoco, C. Noce, and A. Romano
New Copper-Free Layered PerovskiteSuperconductors:
andRelatedCompounds 573
Yoshihiko Takano, Yoshihide Kimishima, Hiroyuki Taketomi, Shinji Ogawa,
Shigeru Takayanagi, and Nobuo Môri
AuthorIndex 579
SubjectIndex 581