Table Of ContentTakeshi Kawai · Mineo Hashizume
Editors
Stimuli-
Responsive
Interfaces
Fabrication and Application
Stimuli-Responsive Interfaces
Takeshi Kawai Mineo Hashizume
(cid:129)
Editors
Stimuli-Responsive
Interfaces
Fabrication and Application
123
Editors
Takeshi Kawai Mineo Hashizume
Tokyo University of Science Tokyo University of Science
Tokyo Tokyo
Japan Japan
ISBN978-981-10-2461-0 ISBN978-981-10-2463-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-2463-4
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016952871
©SpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2017
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Preface
When there is a material, there is absolutely an interface between the material and
the surrounding environment. Therefore, it is important to look at the interface for
the design and fabrication of materials. It is also a lesson for us in fundamental
sciences lying there. This book introduces recent progress in stimuli-responsive
interfaces constructed on colloidal materials such as micelles and vesicles and on
solid material surfaces.
ThepublicationofthisbookisaprojectoftheDivisionofColloidandInterface
Science, Research Institute for Science and Technology (RIST), Organization for
Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science (TUS), Japan. The division
was established in 1981 and has been playing a leading role in research related to
colloid and interface science and technology both in Japan and internationally.
This book was designed and edited in order to:
(cid:129) Includenotonlyschematicillustrations,butalsovisualdemonstrationsofmany
actual samples’ morphological or functional changes
(cid:129) Cover interdisciplinary fields from fundamental sciences to practical
applications
(cid:129) Beusefulforgraduatestudentsandyoungresearchersinacademiaandindustry
The book is not an introduction of the division; contributions are from various
universities’ or institutes’ scientists who are actively involved in the field of
stimuli-responsive interfaces. About one-third of the chapters are written by divi-
sion members. We hope this volume serves asan excellentguide to designing and
fabricatingnovel,functional,eco-friendly,stimuli-responsiveinterfacesandrelated
materials.
Finally,weacknowledgeDr.Shin’ichiKoizumiandMs.TaekoSatoofSpringer
for their help in the publication of the book. We also thank RIST, TUS for the
financial support needed for the editing processes.
Tokyo, Japan Takeshi Kawai
Mineo Hashizume
v
Contents
1 Introduction... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 1
Takeshi Kawai and Mineo Hashizume
2 Photo-Induced Demulsification. .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 5
Yutaka Takahashi and Yukishige Kondo
3 Stimuli-Responsible Viscoelastic Surfactant Solutions... ..... .... 19
Hideki Sakai, Koji Tsuchiya and Kenichi Sakai
4 Stimuli-Responsive Charge-Free Reverse Micelles
in Non-Aqueous Media.. ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 37
Lok Kumar Shrestha and Katsuhiko Ariga
5 Stimuli-Responsive Self-Healing Viscoelastic Gels.. .... ..... .... 63
Rekha Goswami Shrestha and Kenji Aramaki
6 Stimuli-Responsive and Soft-Template Functions of Novel
Amphiphiles Having Amidoamine Groups ... .... .... ..... .... 85
Takeshi Kawai and Yoshiro Imura
7 Photoresponsive Gold Clusters. .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 109
Sachil Sharma, Yoshiki Niihori, Wataru Kurashige
and Yuichi Negishi
8 Stimuli-Responsive Structure Control of Self-Assembled
Gold Nanoparticles . .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 127
Hideyuki Mitomo, Kenichi Niikura and Kuniharu Ijiro
9 Supramolecular Metal Complex Nanoarchitectures via Various
Amphiphiles... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 147
Keita Kuroiwa
10 Langmuir and Langmuir–Blodgett Monolayers Having
Photo-Responsibilities ... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 179
Ken-ichi Iimura
vii
viii Contents
11 Stimuli-Responsive Polymer Micelles.... .... .... .... ..... .... 187
Shin-ichi Yusa
12 Design of Biomimetic Interfaces at the Dendrimer Periphery
and Their Applications.. ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 209
Chie Kojima
13 Stimuli-Responsive Polymer Materials for Creation
of Biointerfaces .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 229
Hidenori Otsuka and Daisuke Matsukuma
14 Stimuli-Responsive Adhesion for 3D Fabrication of Hydrogels...... 255
Taka-Aki Asoh, Masatoshi Kato, Yasuyuki Tsuboi
and Akihiko Kikuchi
15 Media-Responsive Swelling and Material Release Properties
of Polysaccharide Composite Films . .... .... .... .... ..... .... 269
Mineo Hashizume and Kazutoshi Iijima
16 Stimuli-Responsive Thin Films Composed of Photochromic
Compounds to Construct Surface Relief . .... .... .... ..... .... 281
Takashi Ubukata
17 Electric Field-Induced Arrangement of Colloidal Materials
in Microfluidic Devices .. ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 297
Masahiro Motosuke
Chapter 1
Introduction
Takeshi Kawai and Mineo Hashizume
Inourdailylife,thestabilityofthematerialpropertyisoneimportantpointneeded
for actual materials. For example, structural materials used for buildings require
high mechanical stability, in other words, durability, against changes of weather
conditionsincludingnaturaldisasters.Thestabilitiesagainstsunlightandwaterare
required for most of the actual materials. The body frame materials used for
vehicles require high mechanical strength against external mechanical shocks. As
for those used for airplanes or spaceships, high thermal stability is additionally
required. Many of the articles for daily use are also required morphological and
mechanical stabilities to use them for a longer time.
On the other hand, there are also many kinds of materials that exhibit specific
functionsrespondtocertainkindsofouterstimuli,forexample,disposablediapers
that adsorb water by gelation, air bags that expand against mechanical shock, and
thermostatscontrolthetemperatureofthedevisesbyrespondingtothetemperature
changes. Thermoplastics, photoresists, and various kinds of sensors can also be
classifiedintothematerialsthatrespondtotheouterstimuli.Recently,self-healing
materials that mend mechanical scratches are used in some commercial products.
These materials can be called as “stimuli-responsive materials.”
Recently, stimuli-responsive materials (or systems) have also been received
much attention in the field of chemistry-based researches [1, 2]. Here, the term
“stimuli-responsive material (or system)” is used a little bit more specifically
compared to the case used for general industrial materials. In stimuli-responsive
materials (systems) treated from the viewpoint of materials chemistry, researchers
surely pay attention to the unit components, that is, molecules, molecular assem-
blies, and nanomaterials, whereas the development of actual materials having
stimuli-responsibilitysometimestendstobefocusedononlytheinput(stimuli)and
T.Kawai(&)(cid:1)M.Hashizume
DepartmentofIndustrialChemistry,FacultyofEngineering,
TokyoUniversityofScience,Tokyo,Japan
e-mail:[email protected]
©SpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2017 1
T.KawaiandM.Hashizume(eds.),Stimuli-ResponsiveInterfaces,
DOI10.1007/978-981-10-2463-4_1
2 T.KawaiandM.Hashizume
the output (the reaction of the system) but not on the behavior of the unit com-
ponents of the system.
Thisbookmainlyfocusesonthedesignofstimuli-responsivesystemsbased on
molecular or nanolevel of novel concepts and their realization. Therefore, most of
actual materials as described above are not the main targets of this book. Most of
thesystemsdescribedinthisbookmainlyfocusonmuchfundamentals:evaluation
of property of the systems, clarification of the mechanism, explorer the feasibility,
evolvability, and applicability limit of the concepts, and so on. Of course, it is
definitely true that the success of these systems leads to the development of actual
stimuli-responsive materials having high quality.
The development of stimuli-responsive systems is the challenges from the
viewpoint of conversion of the changes, in other words, actions, at molecular or
nanoleveloftheunitcomponentsbythestimuli,tothehugeoutput(changes)ofthe
whole systems, in addition to the fabrication of the unit components to realize
efficient conversion of the stimuli to the changes (actions).
When constructing stimuli-responsive systems, generally we need to consider
several factors. They are listed below with the examples relating to each factor.
(a) Substance (element): the materials for constructing the system
Organic, inorganic, metallic, and hybrid; molecule, ion, molecular assembly,
and nanomaterial; dimensions (1D, 2D, 3D); and sizes;
(b) Stimulus: the matter that affect to the target molecule or nanomaterial
Light, heat, pH, magnetism, electricity, pressure, mechanical stress, molecule,
and ion;
(c) Action: what the stimuli cause to the target (at molecular or nanolevel)
Change of structure, conformation, and electronic state;
(d) Output: reaction of the system as the result of the action
Change of morphology, viscosity, wettability, electronic state, and mechanical
strength; release of material; emit; and catalyze reactions;
(e) Reversibility
Efficiency, repeatability, and hysteresis; and
(f) Kinetics
Response speed and efficiency.
Factorsfrom(a)to(d)arerelatedtotheobjectofthesystem,and(e)and(f)are
temporal factors. The stimulus (b) isnot limited to physical ones such as light and
heat: Chemical stimuli such as molecules and ions are also useful. Here, specific
molecularorionrecognitionsareinvolved.Suchsystemsaresometimesinspiredby
themolecularrecognitions inbiological systems.It should benoted that theaction
(c)thatthestimulicausetothetarget(moleculesornanomaterials),inotherwords,
unit components, and the output (d) are basically different. The conversion from
(c) to (d) is one of the key points to construct the system. In addition to stimulus
(b) and action (c), the examples of the output (d) also contain the changes of both
physicalandchemicalproperties.Thepresentclassificationmightbenotperfectbut
1 Introduction 3
contains sufficient factors to design, fabrication, and evaluation of the
stimuli-responsive systems.
One particular point of this book is that it looks at various stimuli-responsive
systems accompanying with the viewpoint of “interface.” For many systems
described in this book, the stimuli caused specific action of the target (unit com-
ponents: molecules, molecular assemblies, and nanomaterials) to change the
properties of the interfaces between the object and the medium, among unit com-
ponents, and so on, which results in the change of the physical properties or
functions of the whole systems. We learn the importance of the design and con-
struction of the interfaces in the stimuli-responsive systems by reviewing recent
progresses in these research fields. The chapters of this book are written by the
specialists engaging in various kinds of stimuli-responsive systems. We hope the
readersrealizethescientificsignificance,feasibility,andpotentialapplicationofthe
“stimuli-responsive interfaces” created using molecular and nanolevel designs.
References
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