Static Compensators (STATCOMs) in Power Systems

741 Pages·2015·26.33 MB·English

by  Farhad Shahnia

Power Systems
Farhad Shahnia
Sumedha Rajakaruna
Arindam Ghosh Editors
Static
Compensators
(STATCOMs) in
Power Systems
Power Systems
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/4622
Farhad Shahnia Sumedha Rajakaruna
(cid:129)
Arindam Ghosh
Editors
Static Compensators
(STATCOMs) in Power
Systems
123
Editors
Farhad Shahnia ArindamGhosh
Department of Electricaland Computer Department of Electricaland Computer
Engineering Engineering
Curtin University Curtin University
Perth Perth
Australia Australia
SumedhaRajakaruna
Department of Electricaland Computer
Engineering
Curtin University
Perth
Australia
ISSN 1612-1287 ISSN 1860-4676 (electronic)
PowerSystems
ISBN 978-981-287-280-7 ISBN 978-981-287-281-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-981-287-281-4
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014957148
SpringerSingaporeHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaSingapore2015
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Preface
Astaticcompensator(STATCOM),alsoknownasstaticsynchronouscompensator,
is a member of the flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS)
devices. It is a power-electronics-based regulating device which is composed of a
voltage source converter (VSC) and is shunt connected to alternating current
electricity transmission and distribution networks. The voltage source is created
from a DC capacitor and the STATCOM can exchange reactive power with the
network. It can also supply some active power to the network if a DC source of
power is connected across the capacitor. A STATCOM is usually installed in the
electric networks with poor power factor or poor voltage regulation to improve
theseproblems.Inaddition,itisusedtoimprovethevoltagestabilityofanetwork.
Overthelast20years,severalresearcheshavebeencarriedoutaroundtheworld
onSTATCOMsandtheirresultsarepublishedasjournalandconferencepapersor
technicalreports.So far, STATCOMshaveonlyappearedasachapterorpart ofa
chapter in some of the books on FACTS, power electronics, power systems, and
reactive power compensation. However, to the best of the editors’ knowledge, no
single book has covered the different aspects of STATCOMs until now. The
interested readers had to search among several hundreds of papers on STATCOM
throughdifferentdatabasesinordertobuilduptheirknowledgeonthesubject.This
bookisthefirstoneentirelyonSTATCOManditisanefforttoprovidearesearch-
oriented, well-developed, and coherent book on the subject for postgraduate
students and researchers. As the editors of the book, we hope it will prove to be a
valuableadditiontotheliteratureonSTATCOMsandbehelpfultothoseinterested
in the subject.
This book is benefited from the inputs and comments of a large number of
researchers and experts from the academia and industry. It contains 21 chapters.
The breakdown of the chapters is as follows:
(cid:129) Chapter 1 reviews the different topologies for the converters and filters used in
the STATCOMs.
(cid:129) Chapter 2 describes several multilevel converter topologies for STATCOMs.
v
vi Preface
(cid:129) Chapter3discussestheanalysisandimplementationofan84-pulseSTATCOM.
(cid:129) Chapter 4 presents the mathematical modeling of STATCOMs and control
algorithms for STATCOMs.
(cid:129) Chapter 5 discusses some control strategies for the STATCOMs.
(cid:129) Chapter 6 presents the robust nonlinear control method for the STATCOMs.
(cid:129) Chapter 7 describes the utilization of multiple reference frames for versatile
control of STATCOMs.
(cid:129) Chapter 8 presents the different control algorithms for multilevel STATCOMs.
(cid:129) Chapter 9 discusses the adaptive observer for capacitor voltages in multilevel
STATCOMs.
(cid:129) Chapter10presentsdifferentmethodsofmodelingandcontrolofSTATCOMs.
(cid:129) Chapter11studiestheSTATCOMoperationinsteadystateanddynamicmodes
in abc framework.
(cid:129) Chapter12presentsaloadflowmethodconsideringthepresenceofSTATCOM
in power systems.
(cid:129) Chapter 13 reviews different methods for optimal placement and sizing of
STATCOMs in power systems based on heuristic optimization techniques.
(cid:129) Chapter 14 discusses a multi-objective optimization technique to define the
optimalplacementofSTATCOMsinpowersystemsagainstshort-termvoltage
instability.
(cid:129) Chapter 15 demonstrates the application of STATCOM for increasing the
available power transfer capability in transmission networks
(cid:129) Chapter 16 presents the application of STATCOM for decentralized secondary
voltage control in transmission networks.
(cid:129) Chapter 17 provides an analysis for damping of subsynchronous oscillations
with the help of STATCOMs.
(cid:129) Chapter 18 demonstrates the STATCOM application for mitigation of subsyn-
chronous resonance in wind farms that are connected to series-compensated
transmission lines.
(cid:129) Chapter 19 introduces two case studies for the application of STATCOM on
Mexican power systems.
(cid:129) Chapter 20 presents the stability analysis of STATCOM in distribution
networks.
(cid:129) Chapter 21 discusses the network protection systems in the presence of
STATCOMs.
As the editors of the book, we would like to thank all the contributors for their
support and hard work. We also would like to thank the reviewers who provided
valuablecommentstoimprovethequalityofthebook.Also,wethankthepublisher
Springerforagreeingtopublishthisbook.Lastbutnotleast,wewouldliketothank
Preface vii
our respective families—Farhad thanks his parents (Ali and Nahideh) and his
spouse (Negar), Sumedha thanks his spouse (Gayani) and Arindam thanks his
spouse (Supriya) for their encouragement and support.
September 2014 Farhad Shahnia
Sumedha Rajakaruna
Arindam Ghosh
Contents
1 Converter and Output Filter Topologies for STATCOMs. . . . . . . 1
Ersan Kabalci
2 Multilevel Converter Topologies for STATCOMs. . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Anshuman Shukla and Alireza Nami
3 Analysis and Implementation of an 84-Pulse STATCOM . . . . . . . 83
Antonio Valderrabano-Gonzalez, Juan M. Ramirez,
Ruben Tapia-Olvera, Julio C. Rosas-Caro,
Jose M. Lozano-Garcia and Juan Miguel Gonzalez-Lopez
4 Mathematical Modeling and Control Algorithms
of STATCOMs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Boštjan Blažič, Leopold Herman, Ambrož Božiček
and Igor Papič
5 STATCOM Control Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Dionisio Ramirez, Luis Carlos Herrero, Santiago de Pablo
and Fernando Martinez
6 Robust Nonlinear Control of STATCOMs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Yonghao Gui, Chunghun Kim, Youngseong Han
and Chung Choo Chung
7 Versatile Control of STATCOMs Using Multiple
Reference Frames. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Miguel Ochoa-Giménez, Aurelio García-Cerrada,
Javier Roldán-Pérez, Juan L. Zamora-Macho,
Pablo García-González and Emilo Bueno
ix
x Contents
8 Control of Multilevel STATCOMs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Javier Muñoz, Pedro Melín and José Espinoza
9 Adaptive Observer for Capacitor Voltages in Multilevel
STATCOMs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
J. de León Morales, M.F. Escalante and M.T. Mata-Jiménez
10 Modeling and Control of STATCOMs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
Amit Kumar Jain and Aman Behal
11 Study of STATCOM in abc Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
Juan M. Ramirez, Juan Miguel Gonzalez-Lopez,
Julio C. Rosas-Caro, Ruben Tapia-Olvera,
Jose M. Lozano and Antonio Valderrabano-Gonzalez
12 Modeling of STATCOM in Load Flow Formulation. . . . . . . . . . . 405
Salah Kamel and Francisco Jurado
13 Optimal Placement and Sizing of STATCOM in Power
Systems Using Heuristic Optimization Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
Reza Sirjani
14 Optimal Placement of STATCOMs Against Short-Term
Voltage Instability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
Yan Xu, Zhao Yang Dong and Kit Po Wong
15 STATCOM Application for Enhancement of Available
Power Transfer Capability in Transmission Networks . . . . . . . . . 505
Trapti Jain, Sri Niwas Singh and Suresh Chandra Srivastava
16 STATCOM Application for Decentralized Secondary
Voltage Control of Transmission Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531
Hasan Mehrjerdi, Serge Lefebvre and Maarouf Saad
17 Analysis and Damping of Subsynchronous Oscillations
Using STATCOM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557
Nagesh Prabhu
18 STATCOM Application for Mitigation of Subsynchronous
Resonance in Wind Farms Connected to Series-Compensated
Transmission Lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 595
Akshaya Kumar Moharana and Rajiv K. Varma