State and local compliance with Title I of the Clean Air Act : hearing before the Subcommittee on Clean Air and Nuclear Regulation of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, August 3,

160 Pages·1993·11.1 MB·English

by  United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Clean Air and Nuclear Regulation

ee Benefits in Medium and
rivate Establishments, 1991
of Labor
Statistics
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HOWARD UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20059

Employee Benefits in
Medium and Large Private
Establishments, 1991
U.S. Department of Labor
Robert B. Reich, Secretary
Bureau of Labor Statistics
May 1993
Bulletin 2422
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For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office
Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328
ISBN 0-16-041777-5
Preface
This bulletin presents results of a 1991 Bureau of Labor time employees; chapter 9 addresses part-time workers.
Statistics survey that dealt with the incidence and detailed Many persons in the Office of Compensation and Work¬
provisions of selected employee benefit plans in medium ing Conditions contributed to this publication. The follow¬
and large private establishments. The survey provides rep¬ ing persons in the Division of Occupational Pay and Em¬
resentative data for 36 million employees in the Nation’s ployee Benefits Levels compiled and analyzed the data for
private nonagricultural industries. Appendix A describes this bulletin: Cathy Baker, Michael Bucci, Thomas
in detail the coverage and statistical procedures used in the Charboneau, Edward Coates, Kenneth Elliott, Jason
survey. Ford, Avy Graham, Robert Grant, Glenn Grossman,
The 1991 Employee Benefits Survey reports on benefits Douglas Hedger, Stephanie Hyland, Natalie Kramer,
provided to employees in establishments with 100 or more Marc Kronson, John Murphy, Laura Scofea, Patrick
workers in all private nonfarm industries. With the publi¬ Seburn, Margaret Simons, Cynthia Thompson, Jerline
cation of these data, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Thompson, and Arthur Williams. They worked under the
completes the final phase of a plan to expand BLS em¬ direction of Allan Blostin, James Houff, and John Morton.
ployee benefits data. Between 1979 and 1986, the survey Mahin Eslami prepared the text for publication.
provided benefits data on full-time employees in medium Computer programming and systems design were pro¬
and large establishments, those with either 100 or 250 em¬ vided by David Caples, Mary Constable, Mohamed
ployees or more, depending on the industry. Coverage in Elzein, Ahoiivah Maier, Lien Nham, Cheryl Sims, and
the services industries was limited. The 1987 survey ex¬ Edward Thomas of the Division of Directly Collected
amined benefits for full-time employees in State and local Periodic Surveys, with the direction of Leslie Chappel.
governments with 50 employees or more. In 1988 and Larry Huff, Thomas Kelly, Mary Gessley, and Jill
1989, expanded surveys of medium and large establish¬ Montaquila of the Statistical Methods Group were re¬
ments covered full-time employees in establishments em¬ sponsible for the sample design, nonresponse adjustments,
ploying 100 workers or more in all private industries. sample error computations, and other statistical proce¬
Beginning in 1990, the Employee Benefits Survey in¬ dures; Chester Ponikowski directed their efforts. Field¬
cluded both full-time and part-time employees in all pri¬ work for the survey was directed by the Bureau’s Assistant
vate industries (regardless of the number of employees) Regional Commissioners for Operations.
Sensory impaired individuals may obtain information in
and State and local governments. In that year, the survey
covered small private establishments (those employing this publication upon request. Voice phone (202)
fewer than 100 workers) and governments. This bulletin, 606-STAT; TDD phone [phone]; TDD message re¬
ferral phone [phone]. Material in this publication
reporting on the 1991 survey of employees in medium and
large private establishments, includes part-time workers in is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit, may
those establishments for the first time. In future years, be reproduced without permission.
Pictured on the cover of this bulletin is Missing the
small private establishments and State and local govern¬
Dance by Norman Rockwell, 1937, (c) The Curtis Publish¬
ments will be surveyed in even-numbered years, and me¬
dium and large private establishments will be surveyed in ing Company.
odd-numbered years. Chapters 2 through 8 apply to full¬
iii
Want a competitive edge?
Let’s communicate. We welcome your comments, suggestions, and
queries on the content of this publication, its adequacy for research, and
what else you might wish to see in it. Employee benefits are an essential
part of compensation.
Stay abreast of what your competitors currently offer their employees,
and glean insight into how other companies structure their benefits pro¬
grams to compete in the labor market and furnish benefits while con¬
taining costs. Tell us what you need to know. Keep a competitive edge.
Direct your comments to: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employee Bene¬
fits Survey, Room 4160, 2 Massachusetts Ave., NW., Washington, DC
20212 0001
- .
Contents
Page
1
Chapter 1. Incidence of employee benefit plans .
1
Time-off benefits.
2
Disability benefits.
2
Medical, dental, and vision care and life insurance.
2
Defined benefit pension and defined contribution plans.
3
Flexible benefits plans and reimbursement accounts.
3
Other benefits.
Full-time Employees
>
7
Chapter 2. Work schedules, paid time off, and parental leave.
7
Work schedules .
7
Paid time off.
7
Paid lunch and rest periods.
7
Paid holidays.
7
Paid vacations...
8
Paid personal leave.
8
Paid funeral leave, jury-duty leave, and military leave.
8
Parental leave.
16
Chapter 3. Disability benefits .
16
Paid sick leave .
16
Sickness and accident insurance.
17
Long-term disability insurance.
37
Chapter 4. Medical, dental, and vision care.
37
Medical care.
37
Coverage of selected categories of medical care .
37
Funding arrangements.
38
Payment arrangements.
38
Overall limitations .
39
Hospital coverage.
39
Alternatives to hospitalization.
41
Surgical coverage .
41
Cost containment .
42
Prescription drug benefits .
42
Mental health coverage .
43
Alcohol and drug abuse treatment...
43
Health maintenance organizations (HMO’s).
43
Other medical benefits.
44
Employee contributions.
44
Participation requirements...
44
Coverage for retired workers.
44
Dental care.
45
Vision care .
71
Chapter 5. Life insurance.
71
Types and amounts of benefit formulas.
72
Coverage for older active workers and retirees
v
Contents—Continued
72
Related protection ..
72
Service requirements .
79
Chapter 6. Defined benefit pension plans.
79
Benefit formulas.
80
Private benefits and Social Security payments .
81
Maximum benefit provisions.
81
Replacement rates .
82
Normal retirement.
83
Early retirement.
83
Disability retirement .
83
Postponed retirement.
84
Postretirement pension increases .
84
Vesting.
84
Portability.
85
Postretirement survivor benefits.
85
Preretirement survivor benefits.
85
Employee contributions.
86
Participation requirements .
104
Chapter 7. Defined contribution plans.
104
Plan types .
105
Cash or deferred arrangements.
105
Savings and thrift plans.
107
Profit-sharing plans.
107
Participation and vesting..
121
Chapter 8. Plan administration.
121
Plan sponsor.
121
Plan financing.
121
Flexible benefits plans and reimbursement accounts.
Part-time Employees
126
Chapter 9. Benefits for part-time employees
126
Work schedule .
126
Time off.
126
Insurance, retirement, and other benefits
Appendixes:
129
A. Technical note.
138
B. Availability of the survey’s data base.
Charts:
1. Medical care benefits: Percent of HMO and non-HMO participants by coverage for hospital room
40
and board charges ...
40
2. Medical care benefits: HMO and non-HMO participants with coverage for selected services.
82
3. Defined benefit pension plans: Average replacement rates by age and final salary.
Tables:
Full-time employees in medium and large private establishments, 1991:
5
1. Summary: Participation in selected employee benefit programs.
6
2. Other benefits: Eligibility for specified benefits.
VI