st thomas aquinas political writings

29 Pages·2003·0.17 MB·English

ST THOMAS AQUINAS
POLITICAL WRITINGS
   
R.W. DYSON
         
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Thomas,Aquinas,Saint,?–.
[Selections.English.]
Politicalwritings/ThomasAquinas;editedandtranslatedbyR.W.Dyson.
p. cm.–(Cambridgetextsinthehistoryofpoliticalthought)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
–(pb.)
.Politicalscience–Earlyworksto. .Law–Philosophy–Earlyworks
to. .Justice–Earlyworksto. .Dyson,R.W. .Title.
.Series.
. 
–dc 
 hardback
 paperback
Contents
Preface pagexv
Abbreviations xvi
Introduction xvii
AbriefchronologyofStThomas’slife xxxvii
Bibliography xxxviii
 Governmentandpolitics 
(a) Summa theologiae Ia : Concerning the dominion
whichbelongedtomaninthestateofinnocence 
articulus:Whethermenwereequalinthestateof
innocence 
articulus:Whetherinthestateofinnocenceman
wouldhavehaddominionoverman 
(b) Thetreatise‘Deregimineprincipum’or‘Deregno’ 
Preface 
Book 
Book 
(c) SummatheologiaeIaIIae::Concerningthereason
forthejudicialprecepts[oftheOldTestament] 
articulus : Whether the old law enjoined suitable
preceptsconcerningrulers 
 Obedience 
(a) SummatheologiaeIIaIIae:Onobedience 
articulus:Whetheronemanisboundtoobey
another 
vii
Contents
articulus:Whetherobedienceisaspecificvirtue 
articulus:Whetherobedienceisthegreatestofthe
virtues 
articulus:WhetherGodistobeobeyedinallthings 
articulus:Whethersubjectsareboundtoobeytheir
superiorsinallthings 
articulus:WhetherChristiansareboundtoobey
thesecularpowers 
(b) Scriptasuperlibrossententiarum,Dist.,quaest. 
articulus:WhetherChristiansareboundtoobey
thesecularpowers,andtyrantsinparticular 
 Law 
(a) SummatheologiaeIaIIae:Theessenceoflaw 
articulus:Whetherlawissomethingbelongingto
reason 
articulus:Whetherlawisalwaysdirectedtothe
commongood 
articulus:Whetherthereasonofanyone
whatsoevercanmakelaws 
articulus:Whetherpromulgationisessentialtolaw 
(b) SummatheologiaeIaIIae:Thevariouskindsoflaw 
articulus:Whetherthereisaneternallaw 
articulus:Whetherthereisanaturallawinus 
articulus:Whetherthereisahumanlaw 
articulus:Whetheritwasnecessaryfortheretobe
aDivinelaw 
articulus:WhetherthereisonlyoneDivinelaw 
articulus:Whetherthereisa‘lawoflust’[lexfomitis] 
(c) SummatheologiaeIaIIae:Theeffectsoflaw 
articulus : Whether it is an effect of law to make
mengood 
articulus:Whetherthefunctionsoflaware
properlydescribed[ascommanding,prohibiting,
permittingandpunishing] 
(d) SummatheologiaeIaIIae:Theeternallaw 
articulus:Whethertheeternallawissupreme
reasonexistinginGod 
articulus:Whethertheeternallawisknowntoall
men 
viii
Contents
articulus:Whethereverylawisderivedfromthe
eternallaw 
articulus:Whethernecessaryandeternalthings
aresubjecttotheeternallaw 
articulus:Whethernaturalcontingentsaresubject
totheeternallaw 
articulus:Whetherallhumanaffairsaresubjectto
theeternallaw 
(e) SummatheologiaeIaIIae:Thenaturallaw 
articulus:Whetherthenaturallawisahabit 
articulus:Whetherthenaturallawcontainsseveral
precepts,oronlyone 
articulus:Whetherallactsofvirtueareprescribed
bythenaturallaw 
articulus:Whetherthenaturallawisthesamein
allmen 
articulus:Whetherthenaturallawcanbechanged 
articulus:Whetherthelawofnaturecanbe
abolishedfromtheheartofman 
(f) SummatheologiaeIaIIae:Humanlawconsideredin
itself 
articulus:Whetheritwasusefulforcertainlawsto
beestablishedbymen 
articulus : Whether every human law is derived
fromthenaturallaw 
articulus : Whether Isidore’s description of the
qualityofpositivelawisappropriate 
articulus:WhetherIsidore’sdivisionofhumanlaws
isappropriate 
(g) Summa theologiae IaIIae : Of the power of human
law 
articulus:Whetherhumanlawshouldbeframed
forthecommunityratherthantheindividual 
articulus:Whetheritbelongstohumanlawto
restrainallvices 
articulus:Whetherhumanlawprescribesallacts
ofvirtue 
articulus:Whetherhumanlawbindsamaninthe
courtofconscience 
ix
Contents
articulus:Whetherallmenaresubjecttothelaw 
articulus:Whetheronewhoissubjecttoalawmay
gobeyondtheletterofthelaw 
(h) SummatheologiaeIaIIae:Ofchangeinthelaws 
articulus:Whetherhumanlawshouldbechanged
inanyway 
articulus : Whether human law should always be
changedwhensomethingbetterarises 
articulus:Whethercustomcanobtaintheforceof
law 
articulus:Whethertherulersofacommunitycan
dispensefromhumanlaws 
 Right,justiceandjudgment 
(a) SummatheologiaeIIaIIae:Onright 
articulus:Whetherright[ius]istheobjectofjustice
[iustitia] 
articulus : Whether right is suitably divided into
naturalrightandpositiveright 
articulus:Whetherthe‘rightofnations’
[iusgentium]isthesameasnaturalright[iusnaturale] 
articulus:Whetherpaternalrightanddominative
rightshouldberegardedasdifferentspeciesofright 
(b) SummatheologiaeIIaIIae:Onjustice 
articulus:Whetherjusticeissuitablydefinedas
‘aconstantandperpetualwilltorendertoeachhis
right’ 
articulus:Whetherjusticeisalwaystowards
another 
articulus:Whetherjusticeisavirtue 
articulus:Whetherjusticeisinthewillasitssubject 
articulus:Whetherjusticeisageneralvirtue 
articulus:Whetherjustice,insofarasitisageneral
virtue,isthesameinessenceasallvirtue 
articulus:Whetherthereisaparticularjusticeas
wellasgeneral[i.e.‘legal’]justice 
articulus:Whetherparticularjusticehasaspecific
fieldofconcern 
articulus : Whether justice is concerned with the
passions 
x
Contents
articulus:Whetherthemeanofjusticeisan
objectivemean[mediumrei] 
articulus:Whethertheactofjusticeistorender
toeachhisown 
articulus:Whetherjusticeispre-eminentamong
themoralvirtues 
(c) SummatheologiaeIIaIIae:Onjudgment 
articulus:Whetherjudgmentisanactof
justice 
articulus:Whetheritislawfultojudge 
articulus:Whetheritisunlawfultojudgeonthe
basisofsuspicion 
articulus:Whetherdoubtsshouldreceivethemore
favourableinterpretation 
articulus:Whetherweoughtalwaystojudge
accordingtothewrittenlaw 
articulus:Whetherjudgmentisrendered
wrongfulbyusurpation 
 Propertyrelations 
(a) SummatheologiaeIIaIIae:Ontheftandrobbery 
articulus:Whetheritisnaturalformantopossess
externalthings 
articulus:Whetheritislawfulforanyonetopossess
somethingashisown 
articulus:Whetherthenatureoftheftliesintaking
someoneelse’spropertysecretly 
articulus : Whether theft and robbery are sins of
differentspecies 
articulus:Whethertheftisalwaysasin 
articulus:Whethertheftisamortalsin 
articulus:Whetheritislawfultostealbyreasonof
necessity 
articulus:Whetherrobberymaybecommitted
withoutsin 
articulus:Whethertheftisamoregrievoussinthan
robbery 
(b) SummatheologiaeIIaIIae:Onthesinofusury 
articulus:Whetheritisasintotakeusuryforaloan
ofmoney 
xi
Contents
articulus:Whetheronemayaskforsomeotherkind
ofconsiderationforaloanofmoney 
articulus : Whether someone is bound to restore
whateverprofitshehasmadeoutofmoneylentupon
usury 
articulus : Whether it is lawful to borrow money
uponusury 
(c) ThelettertotheDuchessofBrabant‘Onthe
governmentofJews’ 
 War,seditionandkilling 
(a) SummatheologiaeIIaIIae:Onwar 
articulus:Whetheritisalwaysasintowagewar 
articulus:Whetheritislawfulforclericsand
bishopstofight 
articulus:Whetheritislawfultomakeuseof
ambushesinwar 
articulus:Whetheritislawfultofightonholydays 
(b) SummatheologiaeIIaIIae:Onsedition 
articulus:Whetherseditionisaspecificsindistinct
fromothers 
articulus:Whetherseditionisalwaysamortalsin 
(c) SummatheologiaeIIaIIae:Onhomicide 
articulus:Whetheritisunlawfultokillanyliving
thing 
articulus:Whetheritislawfultokillsinners 
articulus:Whetheritislawfulforaprivateperson
tokillamanwhohassinned 
articulus : Whether it is lawful for clerics to kill
malefactors 
articulus:Whetheritislawfulforsomeonetoslay
himself 
articulus:Whetheritislawfultokilltheinnocent 
articulus:Whetheritislawfultokillsomeonein
self-defence 
articulus:Whetheroneincurstheguiltofhomicide
throughslayingamanbychance 
 Religionandpolitics 
(a) SummatheologiaeIIaIIae:Onrelationswith
unbelievers 
xii
Contents
articulus:Whetherunbelieversoughttobecoerced
intothefaith 
articulus:Whetherunbelieversmayhave
authorityordominionoverthefaithful 
articulus:Whethertheritesofunbelieversought
tobetolerated 
(b) SummatheologiaeIIaIIae:Onheresy 
articulus:Whetherhereticsoughttobetolerated 
(c) SummatheologiaeIIaIIae:Onapostasy 
articulus:Whetheraprinceforfeitshisdominion
over his subjects by reason of his apostasy from the
faith,sothattheyarenolongerboundtoobeyhim 
(d) Scriptasuperlibrossententiarum,Dist.,quaest. 
articulus:Onspiritualandtemporalpower 
Biographicalglossary 
Index 
xiii

Governmentandpolitics
(a) SummatheologiaeIa:Concerningthedominion
whichbelongedtomaninthestateofinnocence
articulus:Whethermenwereequalinthestateofinnocence
Itseemsthatallmenwereequalinthestateofinnocence.
obiectio:ForGregorysays:‘Wherewedonotsin,weareallequal.’But
inthestateofinnocencetherewasnosin.Thereforeallwereequal.
obiectio:Moreover,similarityandequalityarethebasisofmutuallove,
accordingtoEcclesiasticus::‘Everybeastlovethitslike;soalsoevery
manhimthatisnearesttohimself.’Nowinthatstatetherewasamong
menabundantlove,whichisthebondofpeace.Thereforeallwereequal
inthestateofinnocence.
obiectio : Moreover, when the cause ceases, the effect ceases also. But
theinequalitywhichnowexistsamongmenseemstoarise,onthesideof
God,fromthefactthatHerewardssomeandpunishesothers;and,onthe
sideofnature,fromthefactthatsomearebornweakanddisadvantaged
bysomedefectofnature,whereasothersarestrongandperfect.Butthis
wouldnothavebeensointheprimitivestate.
sed contra: It is said at Romans : that the things which come from
Godareordered.Butorderseemstoconsistespeciallyindisparity;for
Augustinesays:‘Orderisthedispositionofequalandunequalthingsin
suchawayastogivetoeachitsproperplace.’Thereforeintheprimitive
Thisquaestiohasfourarticles,thefirsttwoofwhichare:‘Whethermaninthestateof
innocencewaslordoftheanimals’;and‘Whethermanwaslordofallothercreatures’.
I.e.wouldallmenhavebeenequalhadtheFallnotoccurred?
Moralia:(PL:).
DecivitateDei:.
