Springer-Verlag History of a Scientific Publishing House: Part 1 Foundation 1842–1945 Maturation Adversity

463 Pages·1996·28.76 MB·English

by  Heinz Sarkowski (auth.)

HEINZ SARKOWSKI
Springer-Verlag (cid:12)9 History of a Scientific Publishing House
PART 1:1842-1945
regnirpS
Berlin
Heidelberg
New York
Barcelona
Budapest
Ho ng Ko ng
London
Milan
Paris
Santa Clara
Singapore
Tokyo
JULIUS SPRINGER, 1867
gnitniapliO yb Oscar sageB
HEINZ SARKOWSKI
galreV-regnirpS
History
of a Scientific Publishing House
PART 1 FOUNDATION
MAT U RAT 0 I N
1842-1945
ADVERSITY
Translated
by Gerald Graham
Springer
HEINZ SARKOWSKI
Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse lo
D-69221 Dossenheim, Germany
Translator
Dr.GERALD GRAHAM, BA, MD
The Kennels, Whaddon, Bucks., UKM ,TLO United Kingdom
With 873 Figures and 71 Lists
TIII,E OF THE GERMAN OP, IGINAL EI)ITION
Heinz Sarkowski: Der Springer-Verlag (cid:12)9 Stationen seiner (]eschichte -Teil 1:1842 1945
>:'( Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1992
ISBN 3-54o-61560-1 (PART )1
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York
ISBN 3-540-61744-2 STRAP( 1 and 2 as set)
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data. Sarkowski, l leinz, ~925 [Springer Verlag.
English] Springer Verlag: history of a scientific publishing house, p. cm. Translation of: Der
Springer-Verlag. Includes bibliographical references and index. Partial Contents: Part .1
1842 1945, Foundation, maturation, adversity / by Heinz Sarkowski. NBSL 1-O~{516-045-3
Part .2 1945 1992, Rebuilding, opening frontiers, securing the future / by Heinz G6tze.
NBSl 3-540-61561-X .1 Springer-Verlag History. .2 Publishers and publishing Germany History
~9th century. .3 Publishers and publishing Germany History 2oth century. .1 G6tze, Heinz. II.
Title. 3172S2775.5J3Z 1996 o7o.5'o943 dc:zo 96 3o57o
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CONTENTS
Lists ............................................ IX
Translator's Foreword ............................ XI
Preface .......................................... XIII
The Owners of Springer-Verlag .................... XVIII
CHAPTER 1
From the Founding of the Company to the Sale
of the Bookshop (1842-1858)
Origins of the Family. Julius Springer's Childhood .... 1
The Years of Travelling Apprenticeship .............. 1
Establishment of the Company .................... 5
The Bookshop .................................. 8
Commission Business ............................ 12
The Publishing House ............................ 14
Political Matters .................................. 15
First Contact with Jeremias Gotthelf ................ 20
Association for Folk Writings ...................... 24
"Impudent and Disrespectful" . ..................... 27
The Revolution of 1848/49 ........................ 29
Arrested for Offences Against the Press Laws ........ 32
Continuing Favourite: Jeremias Gotthelf ............ 33
The End of the Folk Writings Association ............ 38
Teaching and Entertainment for Young People ........ 39
A Multifaceted Programme ........................ 40
New Accents .................................... 43
Sale of the Bookshop .............................. 44
CHAPTER 2
Building up the Publishing House
and the Beginnings of Specialisation (1858-1877)
The "New Era" . ................................. 48
Political Items in the Publishing Programme ........ 49
IV Contents
The Publishing Firm and the Constitutional Conflict .. 52
Travel Books and Belles Lettres .................... 53
Expansion and End
of the Young People's Publishing Programme ...... 55
Schoolbooks .................................... 59
Launching a Textbook ............................ 60
Forestry, Hunting and Agriculture .................. 62
Pharmacy: the Domain of One Author .............. 65
Member of the Berlin Town Council ................ 70
The Journalist.
Activities Within the Book Trade Committees .... 71
First Chairman of the B6rsenverein
(Book Trade Association) ...................... 73
Copyright and Publishers' Rights .................. 75
Concentration of Forces .......................... 77
Ferdinand Springer .............................. 78
Julius Springer's Final Years ........................ 79
CHAPTER 3
Publisher of Books in Engineering
and for Public Authorities (1877-19o6)
Transitions ...................................... 83
The Springer Brothers ............................ 84
Founding Years for Journals ........................ 87
Contacts with the Authorities ...................... 88
The Imperial Timetable .......................... 92
Publisher of Engineering Books .................... 95
Zeitschrift des Vereines Deutscher Ingenieure
(Journal of the Society of German Engineers) ...... 98
Electrical Engineering ............................ 101
Werner yon Siemens. Rudolf Diesel ................ 108
Journal Articles Turn into Books .................. 112
Chemistry and Foodstuff Research .................. 115
Pharmacy ...................................... 120
Medicine ........................................ 124
Mathematics and Physics .......................... 129
The State, Law and Economics in the New Empire .... 133
Schoolbooks .................................... 135
Forestry ........................................ 137
The Springer Logo ................................ 138
Changes in the Market ............................ 140
Contents vii
The Springer Paragraph .......................... 141
Ferdinand Springer Amidst the "Battle of Books" .... 143
The Emergence of Specialised Sections
Within Springer-Verlag ........................ 149
Author Contracts and Royalties .................... 152
The Sons Join the Firm ............................ 155
Ferdinand Springer's Last Weeks .................. 158
A Balance-Sheet 1877-19o6 ........................ 159
CHAPTER 4
Stormy Growth. World War I (1907-1918)
The Third Generation ............................ 162
Ferdinand Springer's Publishing Concept ............ 164
Medicine ........................................ 166
Biochemische Zeitschrift .......................... 166
The Ergebnisse Series ............................ 171
Handbooks ...................................... 175
Zentralbl~itter .................................... 181
Paul Ehrlich .................................... 184
Emil Fischer .................................... 188
Heidelberg Contacts: Wilmanns and Jaspers .......... 190
Arnold Berliner and Die Naturwissenschaften ........ 192
Developments in the Engineering Programme ........ 196
Literature for Building Engineers .................. 197
Machine Tools. Study of Factory Management ........ 200
A German-American Joint Venture .................. 203
First Books on Aviation. Motor Car Literature ........ 206
Dubbel's Manual for Engine Construction ............ 210
Taking a Share in a Printing Firm .................. 214
A New Building 8o Years Ago ...................... 217
Social Policies. The Library System .................. 220
Some Statistics for 1913 ............................ 223
Start of World War I .............................. 225
Production in World War I ........................ 226
New Activities .................................. 228
Mathematics .................................... 229
Beilstein's Handbuch and Other Acquisitions ........ 231
Co-Owners of the J.F. Bergmann Publishing House .... 234
VIII Contents
CHAPTER 5
The Expansion of Scientific Publishing (1919-1932)
The Beginnings of Inflation ........................ 237
The Key Number ................................ 237
Prices in Other Currencies ........................ 238
On the Position of Authors ........................ 240
At the Peak of Inflation .......................... 242
Societies as Publishers ............................ 243
Purchase of Hirschwald, Publisher and Bookseller .... 245
The Establishment of a Publishing House in Vienna .. 249
Journal Expansion ................................ 251
Handbticher (Handbooks) ........................ 254
Mathematics in GSttingen: Richard Courant .......... 260
Physics in G6ttingen: Max Born .................... 265
Struktur der Materie (The Structure of Matter) ...... 271
A Rapid-Action Project: Handbuch der Physik ........ 272
The Medical Programme .......................... 275
Surgery ........................................ 278
A Journal for Medical Specialists .................. 280
Biology ........................................ 283
Verst/indliche Wissenschaft (Understandable Science) .. 288
Special Features in the Publication
of Engineering Books .......................... 293
The Engineering Branch of Springer-Verlag
After World War I ............................ 294
A Library of Manuals for Building Engineers ........ 297
Communication and Radio Technology: Eugen Nesper 299
Jurisprudence, Political Science and Economics ...... 303
The Design of Springer Books ...................... 307
Purchase of the F.C.W. Vogel Publishing Company .... 311
The Organisation of the Company .................. 315
The Economic Crisis .............................. 320
CHAPTER 6
Years of Danger )5491-3391(
A Law and Its Consequences ...................... 325
Gleichschaltung (Forced Conformity) ................ 326
"Aryanisation" . ................................. 332
Loss of Authors/Editors .......................... 333
In the Labyrinth of Ministerial Responsibilities ...... 340
Contents ix
A Jewish Publishing House? ........................ 342
Julius Springer is Forced to Leave .................. 345
The "Group of Followers" of Springer-Verlag ........ 347
Control Measures Until 1939 ...................... 348
Forbidden or Tolerated ............................ 349
A Springer Journal in the Third Reich .............. 354
Development of the Programme .................... 357
Springer-Verlag's Financial Situation 1933-1938 ...... 363
Springer-Verlag in Vienna, 1933-1938 ................ 366
During World War II .............................. 367
Ferdinand Springer is Forced to Leave .............. 371
The Firm During the War ........................ 373
An Ineffective Ban ................................ 375
The Last Years of the War ........................ 379
A New Beginning ................................ 384
APPENDIX
Abbreviations .................................... 388
Notes .......................................... 389
References ...................................... 411
Index .......................................... 427
Source of Illustrations ............................ 447
Lists
1 Some political tracts, cartoons and leaflets,
1842-1848 .................................... 19
2 Book production by subject area, 1867-1876 ...... 83
3 Books about Berlin in the publishing programme .. 19
4 Ecology and environment; food contamination .... 119
5 Publishers, booksellers, book production
and population, 1865-19o5 ...................... 140
6 Title production, 1868-19o6 .................... 160
7 New journals, 1918-19z3 ........................ 255
8 Handbooks, 1924-1933 ........................ 259
9 Book production, Springer and other publishers,
1927 ........................................ 321
10 Titles published, 1919-1932 ...................... 321
11 Advertising turnover, domestic and foreign,
1929-1932 .................................... 322