Table Of ContentSpin Observables
of Nuclear Probes
Spin Observables
of Nuclear Probes
Edited by
Charles J. Horowitz,
Charles D. Goodman,
and George E. Walker
Indiana University
Bloomington, Indiana
Plenum Press • New York and London
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Telluride International Conference on Spin Observables of Nuclear Probes (1988)
Spin Observables of nuclear probes I edited by Charles J. Horowitz, Charles D.
Goodman, and George E. Walker.
p. cm.
"Proceedings of the Telluride International Conference on Spin Observables of
Nuclear Probes, held March 14-17, 1988, in Telluride, Colorado" - T.p. verso.
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-8073-6 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-0769-3
DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4613-0769-3
1. Nuclear spin - Congresses. 2. Nuclear structure - Congresses. I. Horowitz,
Charles. II. Goodman, Charles. III. Walker, George E. IV. Title.
QC793.3.S8T45 1988 88-38971
539.7'23-dcl9 CIP
Proceedings of the Telluride International Conference on
Spin Observables of Nuclear Probes, held March 14-17, 1988,
in Telluride, Colorado
© 1988 Plenum Press, New York
Softcover reprint of the hardcover I st edition 1988
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
PREFACE
The proceedings of the "International Conference on Spin Observables
of Nuclear Probes" are presented in this volume. This conference was
held in Telluride, Colorado, March 14-17, 1988, and was the fourth in the
Telluride series of nuclear physics conferences.
A continuing theme in the Telluride conference series has been the
complementarity of various intermediate-energy projectiles for elucidating
the nucleon-nucleon interaction and nuclear structure. Earlier conferences
have contributed significantly to an understanding of spin currents in
nuclei, in particular the distribution of Gamow-Teller strength using
charge-exchange reactions. The previous conference on "Antinucleon
and Nucleon Nucleus Interactions" compared nuclear information from tra
tional probes to recent results from antinucleon reactions. The 1988
conference on Spin Observables of Nuclear Probes, put special emphasis
on spin observables and brought together experts using spin information
to probe nuclear structure.
Spin observables have provided very detailed information about
nuclear structure and reactions. Since the 1985 Telluride conference
we have seen data from new focal plane polarimeters at LAMPF, TRIUMF,
IUCF and elsewhere. In addition, spin observables provide an important
common ground between electron and hadron scattering physics. In the
future we look forward to new facilities such as NTOF for polarized
neutron measurements at Los Alamos and a vigorous spin program at CEBAF.
The first day of the conference dealt with spin observables in
both inclusive (morning) and coincidence reactions (afternoon). Charge
exchange reactions were discussed on the second day and relativistic
descriptions of nuclei on the third day. There has always been a close
relationship between relativity and spin. Proton scattering spin obser
vables presented at the '85 conference have led to much theoretical
work on relativistic models in the intervening years. Finally, spin
observables in few body systems were presented on the fourth day.
We are very happy that five eastern bloc physicists from Dubna
and Novosibirsk were able to attend the conference. We hope that this
signals an increase in East/West physics collaborations in the future.
We wish to gratefully acknowledge the sponsorship of the National
Science Foundation. We are also grateful for the support from Horshaw/
Filtrol, Inc. in sponsoring the reception for the conference participants.
v
CONTENTS
(* Asterisk indicates author who presented the talk)
Nuclear Spin Response Studies in Inelastic
Polarized Proton Scattering • • • • • 1
K. W. Jones
Nucleon-Nucleus Scattering to the Continuum • • • • • • • • • • 15
R. D. Smith
Relativistic Calculations for Quasi-Elastic
Proton Scattering • • • • • • • • • • 53
M. J. Iqbal
Spin Excitations in a Schematic Model • • • • • • • • • • 59
P. M. Boucher, B. Castel, Y. Okuhara, I. P. Johnstone,
J. Wambach*, and T. Suzuki
Spin Observables in Electron Scattering
From Nuclei . • • • • • • • • • • 65
T. W. Donnelly
Spin Observables in Exclusive Electron Scattering 79
J. W. Van Orden
Relativistic Treatment of Mesonic COntributions
to Quasielastic (e,e') •••••• 95
P. G. Blunden* and M. N. Butler
The (p,2p) Reaction in the Dirac Impulse
Approximation • • • • • • • • 101
E. D. Cooper* and o. V. Maxwell
Spin-observables for the (p,p'y) Reaction at 400 MeV III
K. H. Hicks
Proton Induced Delta Production 119
B. K. Jain
The (n,p) Reaction as a Probe of Nuclear Structure 139
K. P. Jackson* and A. Celler
(p,n) Measurements Above 200 MeV and the Isovector
Effective NN Interaction •••••••••• 155
R. G. Jeppesen
vii
Spin-Isospin Excitations in Nuclei and (p,n)
Reactions • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 169
S. N. Ershov, F. A. Gareev, N. I. Pyatov*
and S. A. Fayans
'Isovector Spin Observables in Nuclear Charge-Exchange
Reactions at LAMPF ••• • • • • • • • • • • • 183
J. B. MCClelland
New Neutron Time-of-Flight (NTOF) Facilities at the
Brookhaven 2DO-Mev Linac •••••••• 195
T. E. Ward*, J. Alessi, J. Brennan, P. Grand
R. Lankshear, C. L. Snead, N. Tsoupas and
M. Zucker
The 208pb(p,n)208Bi Reaction at 135 MeV • • • • • • • • • 199
J. W. watson*, M. R. Plumley, P. J. Pella, B. D.
Anderson, A. R. Baldwin, R. Madey, and C. C. Foster
Spin-Isospin Modes in Quasi-Free Region. • • • • 207
M. Ichimura*, K. Kawahigashi, T. S. Jorgensen
and C. Gaarde
Charge Exchange Reactions at Saturne 221
C. Ellegaard
Spin-Isospin Response of a Nucleon at High Excitation
Energy • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 231
V. F. Dmitriev
3 4
Momentum Distributions of Fragments of D, He, and He
Nuclei and T20 in 00 Deuteron Break-Up 241
V. G. Ableev, B. Naumann, L. Naumann, A. A.
Nomofilov, L. Penchev, N. M. piskunov, V. I.
Sharov, I. M. Sitnik, E. A. Strokovsky, L. N.
Strunov*, S. A. Zaporozhets, A. P. Kobushkin,
Kh. Oimitrov, L. Vizireva, B. Kuhn, and W. Neubert
Ratio ~~ ~w-Teller to Fermi Strength Observed in
, C(p,n) at 492 and 590 MeV •• • • • • • 245
J. L. Ullmann*, J. Rapaport, P. W. Lisowski,
R. C. Byrd, T. Carey, T. N. Taddeucci, J.
McClelland, L. Rybarcyk, R. C. Haight, N.S.P.
King, G. L. Morgan, D. A. Lind, R. Smythe,
C. D. Zafiratos, D. Prout, E. Sugarbaker,
W. P. Alford, and W. G. Love
Spin-Isospin Nuclear Responses with Hadronic Probes • • • • • • 251
W. M. Alberico
Wigner-Kirkwood Expansion of the Quasi-Elastic
Nuclear Responses and Application to Spin-Isospin
ResJ;X>nses ••••••••••••••••••• 261
G. Chan fray
The Relativistic Nuclear Response and Vacuum Polarization • • • 269
C. J. Horowitz
Dirac RPA for Finite Nuclei 285
J. R. Shepard
viii
Relativistic RPA calculations in Finite
Nuclei: Results ••••••••• 301
R. J. Furnstahl
Charge Exchange (P,N) Reactions to the
Isobaric Analog State • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 321
S. Hama*, M. J. Iqbal, J. I. Johansson and H. S. Sherif
Validity of the Hartree Approximation in
the Walecka Model •••••••• 329
R. J. Perry
A Relativistic Description of Deformed Nuclei 339
C. E. Price
Violent Collisions of Spinning Protons • • • • • • • • • • • • 351
A. D. Krisch
A Status Report on the "t20" Experiment
at Bates: Toward a Separation of the
Charge and Quadrupole Form Factors of
the Deuteron • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 357
M. Garcon*, L. antonuk, J. Arvieux, D. Beck, E. Beise,
A. Boudard, E. B. cairns, J. M. cameron, G. Dodson,
K. Dow, M. Farkhondeh, H. W. Fielding, R. Goloskie,
S. Hoibraten, J. Jourdan, S. Kowalski, C. Lapointe,
W. J. McDonald, D. Pham, R. Redwine, N. Rodning,
G. Roy, M. E. Schulze, P. A. Souder, J. Soukup,
I. The, W. Turchinetz, C. F. Williamson, K. Wilson,
S. Wood, and W. Ziegler
Physics in the GeV Region with Polarized Targets
in Electron Storage Rings ••••••••
371
R. J. Holt
Spin Observables in PP Elastic and PP Inelastic
Scattering • • • • • • • • • • • 379
R. Bertini
Measurement of 2-nd and 3-rd Order Spin Observables
in Elastic Scattering of 1.6 GeV Tensor and
Vector Polarized Deuteron Beam From a polarized
Hydrogen Target •••••••••••••••• 393
V. Ghazikhanian, B. Aas, D. Adams, E. Bleszynski,
M. Bleszynski, J. Bystricky, G. J. Igo, F. Sperisen,
C. A. Whitten, P. Chaumette, J. Deregel, J. Fabre,
F. Lehar, A. de Lesquen, L. van Rossurn, J. Arvieux,
J. Ball, A. Boudard, F. Perrot
Nuclear Isovector Electroweak Interactions in
a Relativistic Model • • • • • 399
G. E. Walker* and M. W. Price
Energy Dependent Corrections to Spin Observables
in Nucleon-Nucleus Scattering ••••••
417
J. Piekarewicz
The Empirical Connection Between (p,n) Cross Sections
and Beta Decay Transition Strengths ••••••
425
T. N. Taddeucci
ix
Summary Talk--International Conference on
Spin Observables of Nuclear Probes • 443
G. T. Garvey
Contributors • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 459
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
461
Index
x
NUCLEAR SPIN RESPONSE STUDIES IN INELASTIC
POLARIZED PROTON SCATTERING
Kevin W. Jones
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Los Alamos, N.M. 87544
ABSTRACT
Spin-flip probabilities Snn have been measured for inelastic proton scattering at incident
proton energies around 300 MeV from a number of nuclei. At low excitation energies Snn is
below the free value. For excitation energies above about 30 MeV for momentum transfers
between about 0.35 fm-1 and 0.65 fm-1 Snn exceeds free values significantly. These results
= = + =
suggest that the relative llS 1/(llS 0 llS 1) nuclear spin response approaches
about 90% in the region of the enhancement. Comparison of the data with slab response
=
calculations are presented. Decomposition of the measured cross sections into (1(llS 0) and
=
(1(llS 1) permit extraction of nonspin-flip and spin-flip dipole and quadrupole strengths.
INTRODUCTION
Spin excitations in nuclei have been the subject of considerable theoretical and experi
mental work during the past six years. Indeed, much of the work presented here originated
in the study of M1 transitions in nuclei, a subject addressed in detail in the 1982 Telluride
Conference and in subsequent publications.1-1 The initially strong focus on the distribution
of Ml strength excited by proton inelastic scattering has evolved into a more general study
of the distribution of spin excitations in nuclei excited with this probe. The program begun
at the high resolution proton spectrometer facility (HRS) at LAMPF has been facilitated by
the development of a polarimeter facility associated with the medium resolution spectrometer
(MRS) at TRIUMF.8,9 The combination of data available from the HRS facility at LAMPF
and the MRS at TRIUMF forms a substantial contribution to the study of continuum exci
tations by inelastic proton scattering up to about 50 MeV in a variety of nuclei from 12C to
90Zr.
The proton is a complex but desirable probe of the nucleus, roughly equally scalar
and vector in nature. As such it can be used to excite the full complexity of the nuclear
continuum. By contrast, the charge-exchange reaction (p, n) is a probe of purely isovector
character; consequently the excitation of the nucleus is selective. The complementarity of
these and other probes should result in a detailed understanding of the isospin and spin re
sponse of the nucleus. Recent advances in marge-exchange studies addressing the distribution
of Gamow-Teller and other isovector strength in nuclei are discussed by other contributors
at this conference.
EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS
Experiments have been carried out at both the HRS at LAMPF and the MRS at TRI
UMF. Measurements at the HRS were made with a beam of 319-MeV protons polarized
perpendicular to the reaction plane. Scattered particles were detected in the standard HRS
focal-plane poiarimeter10 modified to minimize backgrounds inherent in small-angle inelastic
scattering. The choice of 319 MeV was dictated by precession considerations in the spec
trometer and the relative strength of spin-flip to nonspin-flip components of the effective
nucleon-nucleon interaction. Measurements at the MRS were made with a beam of 290-MeV
protons polarized perpendicular to the reaction plane. Scattered particles were detected in
the standard MRS focal plane polarimeter. Beam polarizations at both facilities were mon
itored continuously with in-beam polarimeters, as well as with the quench-ratio technique
at the HRS. Absolute normalization of measured cross sections was made by comparison of
measured cross sections for proton scattering from hydrogen with extant data and phase shift
analyses.l1 Data were taken for scattering from 12C, 40Ca, 48Ca, SlV, and 90Zr at the HRS,
and from 44Ca and 54Fe at the MRS.
Typical cross-section spectra for inelastic proton scattering around an incident energy
of 300 MeV are shown in Fig. 1.
10.0
B.O 64Fe(p,p,)64Fe·
290 MeV
6.0
3.10
%
4.0
'=;:=:;-
2.0
~
.0
E-
0.0
r:.::J
~c: B.O
~
b
N' 0 6.0 15.00
4.0
2.0
0.0
-5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Ex (MeV)
=
Fig. 1. Differential cross section spectra for the 54Fe(p,p')54Fe* reaction at Tp 290 MeV.
The data were taken using the MRS facility at TRIUMF at laboratory scattering
angles of 3.10 and 150.
2
