Table Of ContentContributors to This Volume
Antonie Cohen
Donald Fucci
Sarah Hawkins
Raymond D. Kent
Linda Petrosino
Betty Jane Philips
Bruce L. Smith
Ronald S. Tikofsky
Marcel P. R. van den Broecke
Rob C. van Geel
SPEECH AND LANGUAGE
Advances in Basic Research and Practice
VOLUME 11
Edited by
NORMAN J. LASS
Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology
West Virginia University
Morgantown, West Virginia
1984
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Contributors
Numbers in parentheses indicate the pages on which the authors' contributions
begin.
Antonie Cohen (197), Instituut voor Fonetiek, Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht, 3512
JK Utrecht, The Netherlands
Donald Fucci (249), School of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Ohio University,
Athens, Ohio 45701
Sarah Hawkins (317), Haskins Laboratories, 270 Crown Street, New Haven,
Connecticut 06510
Raymond D. Kent (113), Department of Communicative Disorders, University
of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
Linda Petrosino (249), School of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Ohio Univer-
sity, Athens, Ohio 45701
Betty Jane Philips (113), Language and Learning Center, Boys Town National
Institute for Communication Disorders in Children, Omaha, Nebraska
68131
Bruce L. Smith (169), Department of Communicative Disorders, Speech and
Language Pathology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201
Ronald S. Tikofsky (1), Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology,
School of Allied Health Professions, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee,
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201 and Department of Radiology, Division of
Nuclear Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
53226
Marcel P. R. van den Broecke (197), Instituut voor Fonetiek, Rijksuniversiteit
Utrecht, 3512 JK Utrecht, The Netherlands
Rob C. van Geel (197), Instituut voor Fonetiek, Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht, 3512
JK Utrecht, The Netherlands
vii
Preface
Volume 11 of Speech and Language: Advances in Basic Research and Prac-
tice contains six contributions on a wide variety of topics. Tikofsky examines
contemporary approaches to aphasia diagnostics from both a medical and non-
medical perspective. In addition to providing a detailed description of specific
contemporary aphasia test batteries, he discusses the relationship of human neu-
ropsychology and aphasia, neurological diagnosis and aphasia, as well as recent
developments in neurologic diagnosis in relation to aphasia. He concludes that,
The decades ahead will see a greater integration of behavioral and neurological aphasiology in
diagnosis. Much of the groundwork for such an integration has been established. What is
required now is an increased dedication to joint research efforts to increase the precision and
utility in contemporary and future aphasia assessment.
Acoustic-phonetic descriptions of speech production in speakers with cleft
palate and other velopharyngeal disorders are presented by Philips and Kent,
whose intent is to illustrate the potential application of this information in con-
tributing to diagnostic evaluation and remedial programming. The authors pro-
vide a detailed discussion of velopharyngeal incompetence, linguistic and pho-
netic considerations related to velopharyngeal function, speech motor control
considerations related to velopharyngeal function, speech patterns associated
with velopharyngeal incompetence, prespeech and early speech development in
children with velopharyngeal incompetence, basic acoustic effects of nasaliza-
tion, and spectrographic correlates of velopharyngeal incompetence.
Smith addresses the role of infant vocalizations as they relate to subsequent
speech and language development. Specifically, he is concerned with whether it
is possible to determine from an infant's prelinguistic vocalizations if the infant
will have a phonological disorder when he begins to produce meaningful speech.
Since the capability for such a diagnosis presently does not exist, the author
assesses contemporary research to determine whether it suggests that the devel-
opment of such a reliable screening system may eventually be possible. The
methods employed to study prelinguistic sound development are discussed in
regard to their diagnostic potential for predicting future phonological disorders,
including transcription-based observations, acoustic analysis, and meta-
phonological observation of phonetic development. The author addresses direc-
tions for future research and concludes that "integration of a variety of tech-
niques may provide the best method for early diagnosis of speech (and language)
disorders."
Pitch phenomena and applications in electrolarynx speech are addressed by
Cohen, van den Broecke, and van Geel. Included is a discussion of linguistic and
ix
X Preface
instrumental approaches to pitch, a model of sentence melody, intelligibility and
naturalness in various forms of alaryngeal speech, a grammar of intonation,
development of a prototype electrolarynx with semiautomatic pitch control, and
a training program for intonated electrolarynx speech. The authors also provide
an evaluation of intonated versus monotonous electrolarynx speech as well as
implications for further research and practical applications of intonated elec-
trolarynx speech in various languages.
Fucci and Petrosino present practical applications of neuroanatomy in an at-
tempt to provide the speech-language pathologist with a basic understanding of
the structure and function of the human nervous system as well as an appreciation
of the necessary assessment of the integrity of the nervous system. After a
detailed discussion of the structure and function of the human nervous system,
including the central, peripheral, and autonomie nervous systems, they address
neurological considerations for the speech-language pathologist. Assessment of
nervous system integrity, including a discussion of higher cortical function, the
cranial nerves, the motor system, the sensory system, and reflexes, as well as the
disorders associated with the nervous system assessment procedures, is
provided.
Hawkins employs studies of temporal coordination to understand the develop-
ment of motor control in speech and to provide a basis for testing theories on the
development of speech as a motor skill. Discussions include prosody in speech
perception and speech production, the contribution of studies of temporal coordi-
nation to understanding the development of motor control in speech, some basic
assumptions about the development of speech, acoustic-phonetic and neu-
romotor influences on the development of temporally coordinated speech, two
strategies for learning to produce clusters of consonants fluently, and a theory of
the developing motor control of speech. The author also addresses directions for
future research and some unresolved issues in the study of all aspects of chil-
dren's speech and language development as well as in the study of the motor
control of speech, whether in development, maturity, or disintegration.
It is our intention that the contents of this volume in particular, and of this
serial publication in general, will result in increased discussion and, conse-
quently, further investigation of a number of unresolved contemporary issues in
speech and language processes and pathologies that will ultimately lead to their
resolution.
NORMAN J. LASS
Contents of Previous Volumes
Volume 1
The Perception of Speech in Early Infancy
Patricia K. Kuhl
Acoustic-Perceptual Methods for Evaluation of Defective Speech
James F. Lubker
Linguistic and Motor Aspects of Stuttering
Kenneth O. St. Louis
Anatomic Studies of the Perioral Motor System: Foundations for Studies in
Speech Physiology
Jesse G. Kennedy HI and James H. Abbs
Acoustic Characteristics of Normal and Pathological Voices
Steven B. Davis
Synergy: Toward a Model of Language
Carol A. Pruning and Judy B. Elliott
SUBJECT INDEX
Volume 2
Functional Articulation Disorders: Preliminaries to Treatment
Ralph L. Shelton and Leija V. McReynolds
The Early Lexicons of Normal and Language-Disordered Children: Develop-
mental and Training Considerations
Laurence B. Leonard and Marc E. Fey
The Shaping Group: Habituating New Behaviors in the Stutterer
William R. Leith
The New Theories of Vocal Fold Vibration
David J. Broad
Homonymy and Sound Change in the Child's Acquisition of Phonology
John L. Locke
Conversational Speech Behaviors
Marjorie A. Faircloth and Richard C. Blasdell
Oral Vibrotactile Sensation and Perception: State of the Art
Donald Fucci and Michael A. Crary
SUBJECT INDEX
Volume 3
Theories of Phonological Development
Donald E. Mowrer
xi
XII Contents of Previous Volumes
Phonology and Phonetics as Part of the Language Encoding/Decoding System
Marcel A. A. Tatham
The Application of Phonological Universals in Speech Pathology
John J. Ohala
The Pédiatrie Language Specialist: An Innovative Approach to Early Language
Intervention and the Role of the Speech-Language Clinician
Sol Adler and lowana A. Whitman Tims
Speech Perception: A Framework for Research and Theory
Dominic W. Massaro and Gregg C. Oden
Velopharyngeal Structure and Function: A Model for Biomechanical Analysis
David Ross Dickson and Wilma Maue-Dickson
Use of Feedback in Established and Developing Speech
Gloria J. Borden
Delayed Auditory Feedback and Stuttering: Theoretical and Clinical Implications
William R. Leith and Claudia C. Chmiel
Biofeedback: Theory and Applications to Speech Pathology
Sylvia M. Davis and Carl E. Drichta
INDEX
Volume 4
Nonlinguistic and Linguistic Processing in Normally Developing and Language-
Disordered Children
Paula Menyuk
Phonological Development during the First Year of Life
Donald E. Mowrer
Speech Fluency and Its Development in Normal Children
C. Woodruff Starkweather
Speech Production Models as Related to the Concept of Apraxia of Speech
Anthony G. Mlcoch and J. Douglas Noll
Aspects of Speech and Orthognathic Surgery
William G. Ewan
Velopharyngeal Function: A Spatial-Temporal Model
Frederika Beil-Berti
Variations in the Supraglottal Air Pressure Waveform and Their Articulatory
Interpretation
Eric M. Müller and W. S. Brown, Jr.
INDEX
Volume 5
A Critical Review of Developmental Apraxia of Speech
Thomas W. Guyette and William M. Diedrich
Contents of Previous Volumes xiii
Relapse following Stuttering Therapy
Franklin H. Silver man
Analysis and Measurement of Changes in Normal and Disordered Speech and
Language Behavior
Merlin J. Mecham
Physiological, Acoustic, and Perceptual Aspects of Coarticulation: Implications
for the Remediation of Articulatory Disorders
Donald J. Sharf and Ralph N. Ohde
An Empirical Perspective on Language Development and Language Training
Scott F. McLaughlin and Walter L. Cullinan
Elements of Voice Quality: Perceptual, Acoustic, and Physiologic Aspects
Raymond H. Colton and Jo A. Estill
The Resolution of Disputed Communication Origins
Murray S. Miron
INDEX
Volume 6
Auditory Discrimination: Evaluation and Intervention
Charlena M. Seymour, Jane A. Baran, and Ruth E. Reaper
Evaluation and Treatment of Auditory Deficits in Adult Brain-Damaged Patients
Thomas E. Prescott
A Pragmatic Approach to Phonological Systems of Deaf Speakers
D. Kimbrough Oiler and Rebecca E. Eilers
Speech and Language Characteristics of an Aging Population
Virginia G. Walker, Carole J. Hardiman, Dona Lea Hedrick, and Anthony
Holbrook
Language and Cognitive Assessment of Black Children
Harry N. Seymour and Dalton Miller-Jones
Effect of Aberrant Supralaryngeal Vocal Tracts on Transfer Function
Sally J. Peterson-Falzone and Karen L. Landahl
The Human Tongue: Normal Structure and Function and Associated Pathologies
Donald Fucci and Linda Petrosino
From an Acoustic Stream to a Phonological Representation: The Perception of
Fluent Speech
Z. S. Bond
Estimation of Glottal Volume Velocity Waveform Properties: A Review and
Study of Some Methodological Assumptions
Robert E. Hillman and Bernd Weinberg
INDEX
XIV Contents of Previous Volumes
Volume 7
To Hear Is Not to Understand: Auditory Processing Deficits and Factors Influ-
encing Peformance in Aphasie Individuals
Cynthia M. Shewan
Auditory Processes in Stutterers
Hugo H. Gregory and James Mangan
A Review of Research on Speech Training Aids for the Deaf
Richard P. Lippmann
A New Era in Language Assessment: Data or Evidence
John R. Muma, Rosemary Lubinski, and Sharalee Pierce
Quantification of Language Abilities in Children
Rachel E. Stark, Paula Tallal, and E. David Mellits
Communication Behavior Assessment and Treatment with the Adult Retarded:
An Approach
Nathaniel O. Owings and Thomas W. Guyette
Distribution and Production Characteristics of /s/ in the Vocabulary and Spon-
taneous Speech of Children
John V. Irwin
Speech Processes in Reading
Charles A. Perfetti and Deborah McCutchen
Structure and Mechanical Properties of the Vocal Fold
Minoru Hirano, Yuki Kakita, Koichi Ohmaru, and Shigejiro Kurita
Jitter and Shimmer in Sustained Phonation
Vicki L. Heiberger and Yoshiyuki Horii
Boundary: Perceptual and Acoustic Properties and Syntactic and Statistical
Determinants
Noriko Umeda
INDEX
Volume 8
Toward Classification of Developmental Phonological Disorders
Lawrence D. Shriberg
Patterns of Misarticulation and Articulation Change
Patricia A. Broen
The Development of Phonology in Unintelligible Speakers
Frederick F. Weiner and Roberta Wacker
Determining Articulatory Automatization of Newly Learned Sounds
Walter H. Manning and Edward A. Shirkey
Conversational Turn-Taking: A Salient Dimension of Children's Language
Learning
Louis J. DeMaio
