Specific Learning Disabilities and Difficulties in Children and Adolescents: Psychological Assessment and Evaluation

481 Pages·2001·1.93 MB·English

by  Alan S. Kaufman

Specificlearningdisabilitiesanddifficultiesinchildrenandadolescents
Psychologicalassessmentandevaluation
Theassessmentofspecificlearningdisabilitiesanddisorders(SLD)haslongbeencontroversial.
Definitions,diagnosis,andtreatmentshavebeenvigorouslydebatedfordecades,withtheuseof
IQtestsattractingparticularcontroversy.However,inrecenttimestherehavebeenmanyother
newassessmenttools devisedfor measuringintelligenceand neuropsychologicalfunctioning,
extendingwellbeyondthescopeofWechsler’sscales.Inthiscutting-edgesurvey,aninterna-
tionalteamofleadersinthefieldexaminestheavailablemethods.Manyofthecontributorsare
themselvesthedevelopersofthemostrecentassessmenttests.
The authors of each chapter evaluate the diversity of clinical applications of these new
instrumentsinSLD,andtheirimportantimplicationsforeducationalintervention.Thehistorical
contextandtheunderlyingneuropsychologicalandcognitivetheoryarealsoexpertlyexamined.
Thisbookwillbeessentialreadingforanypractitionerortraineedealingwithspecificlearning
issuesinyoungpeople.
AlanandNadeenKaufmanarebasedattheYaleUniversitySchoolofMedicineandtogether
havedevelopedandpublishedeighttestsofintelligence,achievement,andneuropsychological
functioning, including the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT), the Kaufman Test of
EducationalAchievement(K-TEA), and the Kaufman Adolescent and Adult IntelligenceTest
(KAIT).Theyareworld-renownedauthoritiesintheareaofneuropsychologicalandcognitive
assessmentforspecificlearningdisabilitiesanddisorders.
CambridgeChildandAdolescentPsychiatry
Childandadolescentpsychiatryisanimportantandgrowingareaofclinicalpsychiatry.Thelastdecade
hasseenarapidexpansionofscientificknowledgeinthisfieldandhasprovidedanewunderstandingof
theunderlyingpathologyofmentaldisordersintheseagegroups.Thisseriesisaimedatpractitioners
and researchers both in child and adolescent mental health services and developmental and clinical
neuroscience.Focusingonpsychopathology,ithighlightsthosetopicswherethegrowthofknowledge
has had the greatest impact on clinical practiceand on the treatment and understandingof mental
illness. Individual volumes benefit both from the international expertise of their contributors and a
coherencegeneratedthroughauniformstyleandstructurefortheseries.Eachvolumeprovidesfirstly
anhistoricaloverviewandacleardescriptiveaccountofthepsychopathologyofaspecificdisorderor
group of related disorders. These featuresthen form the basis for a thoroughcritical review of the
etiology,naturalhistory,management,preventionandimpactonlateradultadjustment.Whilsteach
volumeisthereforecompleteinitsownright,volumesalsorelatetoeachothertocreateaflexibleand
collectableseriesthatshouldappealtostudentsaswellasexperiencedscientistsandpractitioners.
Editorialboard
Serieseditor ProfessorIanM.Goodyer UniversityofCambridge
Associateeditors
ProfessorDonald J.Cohen DrRobertN.Goodman
YaleChildStudyCenter InstituteofPsychiatry,London
ProfessorBarryNurcombe ProfessorDrHelmutRemschmidt
TheUniversityofQueensland KlinikumderPhilipps-Universita¨t,Germany
ProfessorDrHermanvanEngeland DrFredR.Volkmar
AcademischZiekenhuisUtrecht YaleChildStudyCenter
Alreadypublishedinthisseries:
PsychotherapywithChildrenandAdolescentseditedbyHelmutRemschmidt0521775582pb
TheDepressedChildandAdolescentsecondeditioneditedbyIanM.Goodyer0521794269pb
SchizophreniainChildrenandAdolescentseditedbyHelmutRemschmidt0521794285pb
AnxietyDisordersinChildrenandAdolescents:Research,AssessmentandInterventioneditedbyWendy
SilvermanandPhilipTreffers0521789664pb
Conduct Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence edited by Jonathan Hill and Barbara Maughan
0521786398pb
AutismandPervasiveDevelopmentalDisorderseditedbyFredR.Volkmar0521553865hb
CognitiveBehaviourTherapyforChildrenandFamilieseditedbyPhilipGraham0521572525hb
0521576261pb
HyperactivityDisordersofChildhoodeditedbySeijaSandberg0521432502hb
Specific learning
disabilities and
difficulties in children
and adolescents
Psychological assessment and evaluation
Editedby
Alan S. Kaufman
and
Nadeen L. Kaufman
publishedbythepresssyndicateoftheuniversityofcambridge
ThePittBuilding,TrumpingtonStreet,Cambridge,UnitedKingdom
cambridgeuniversitypress
TheEdinburghBuilding,CambridgeCB22RU,UK
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10StamfordRoad,Oakleigh,vic3166,Australia
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http://www.cambridge.org
©CambridgeUniversityPress2001
Thisbookisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception
andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,
noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithout
thewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.
Firstpublished2001
PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge
TypefaceDanteMT11/14pt SystemPoltype®[vn]
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationdata
Specificlearningdisabilitiesanddifficultiesinchildrenandadolescents/editedbyAlanS.Kaufman
andNadeenL.Kaufman.
p. cm.–(Cambridgechildandadolescentpsychiatry)
Includesindex.
ISBN0521658403(pb)
1.Learningdisabilities–Treatment. 2.Learningdisabledchildren. I.Kaufman,AlanS.,1944–
II.Kaufman,NadeenL. III.Cambridgechildandadolescentpsychiatryseries
RJ506.L4S6442001
618.92'85889–dc21 00-064187
ISBN0521658403paperback
Everyefforthasbeenmadeinpreparingthisbooktoprovideaccurateandup-to-dateinformationwhichisin
accordwithacceptedstandardsandpracticeatthetimeofpublication.Nevertheless,theauthors,editorsand
publishercanmakenowarrantiesthattheinformationcontainedhereinistotallyfreefromerror,notleast
becauseclinicalstandardsareconstantlychangingthroughresearchandregulation.Theauthors,editorsand
publisherthereforedisclaimallliabilityfordirectorconsequentialdamagesresultingfromtheuseofmaterial
containedinthisbook.Readersarestronglyadvisedtopaycarefulattentiontoinformationprovidedbythe
manufacturerofanydrugsorequipmentthattheyplantouse.
ToBlancheKaufman,
OUR MOTHER
Shelovedus,andshelistened.
Hearourloveandgratitude,
Forwearelonelywithoutyou.
MMMM
Contents
Listofcontributors ix
Preface xiii
PartI HistoryandTradition 1
1 Historylessons 3
MargaretJoShepherd
2 TheWechslerintelligencescales 29
GaryGroth-Marnat
PartII AlternativeCognitiveApproachestoLearningDisabilities
Assessmentand Remediation 53
3 ApplicationoftheWoodcock–JohnsonTestsofCognitive
Ability–Revisedtothediagnosisoflearningdisabilities 55
NancyMatherandRichardW.Woodcock
4 TheKaufmantests–K-ABCandKAIT 97
ElizabethO.Lichtenberger
5 UsingtheCognitiveAssessmentSystem(CAS)withlearning-disabled
children 141
JackA.Naglieri
6 ApplicationoftheDifferentialAbilityScales(DAS)andBritishAbility
Scales,SecondEdition(BASII),fortheassessmentoflearningdisabilities 178
ColinD.Elliott
7 Isdynamicassessmentcompatiblewiththepsychometricmodel? 218
ReuvenFeuersteinandRaphaelS.Feuerstein
8 Multi-perspective,clinical–educationalassessmentsoflanguage
disorders 247
ElisabethH.Wiig
vii
viii Contents
PartIII NeuropsychologicalApproachestoLearningDisabilities
AssessmentandRemediation 281
9 Learningdisabilitiesandtheirneurologicalfoundations,theories,
andsubtypes 283
OtfriedSpreen
10 TheHalstead–ReitanNeuropsychologicalTestBattery:research
findingsandclinicalapplication 309
RalphM.ReitanandDeborahWolfson
11 Developmentalassessmentofneuropsychologicalfunctionwiththe
aidoftheNEPSY 347
MaritKorkman,SarahL.Kemp,andUrsulaKirk
12 Clinicalneuropsychologicalassessmentofchildandadolescent
memorywiththeWRAML,TOMAL,andCVLT–C 387
ErinD.BiglerandWayneV.Adams
PartIV IntegrationandSummation 431
13 Assessmentofspecificlearningdisabilitiesinthenewmillennium:
issues,conflicts,andcontroversies 433
AlanS.KaufmanandNadeenL.Kaufman
Index 463
Contributors
WayneV.Adams ReuvenFeuerstein
ProfessorofPsychology InternationalCenterfortheEnhancementof
GraduateSchoolofClinicalPsychology LearningPotential
GeorgeFoxUniversity POBox7755
414NorthMeridianStreet 47NarkisStreet
Newberg Jerusalem91077
Oregon97132 Israel
USA E-mail:[email protected]
E-mail:[email protected]
GaryGroth-Marnat
ErinD.Bigler SeniorLecturerinClinicalHealth
ProfessorandChair Psychology
DepartmentofPsychology SchoolofPsychology
BrighamYoungUniversity CurtinUniversity
1082KimballTower GPOBoxU1987
Provo Perth
Utah84602 WesternAustralia6001
USA Australia
E-mail:erin–[email protected] E-mail:
[email protected]
ColinD.Elliott
860FowlerAvenue AlanS.Kaufman
NewburyPark ClinicalProfessorofPsychology
California91320 YaleChildStudyCenter
USA YaleUniversitySchoolofMedicine
E-mail:[email protected] POBox207900
230SouthFrontageRoad
RaphaelS.Feuerstein NewHaven
InternationalCenterfortheEnhancementof Connecticut06520-7900
LearningPotential USA
POBox7755 E-mail:[email protected]
47NarkisStreet
Jerusalem91077
Israel
E-mail:[email protected]
ix
x Listofcontributors
NadeenL.Kaufman NancyMather
Lecturer,ClinicalFaculty AssociateProfessor
YaleChildStudyCenter CollegeofEducation–409
YaleUniversitySchoolofMedicine DepartmentofSpecialEducationand
POBox207900 Rehabilitation
230SouthFrontageRoad UniversityofArizona
NewHaven Tucson
Connecticut06520-7900 Arizona85721
USA USA
E-mail:[email protected] E-mail:[email protected]
SarahL.Kemp JackA.Naglieri
1802S.CheyenneDrive Director
Tulsa CenterforCognitiveDevelopment
Oklahoma74119 GeorgeMasonUniversity
USA 4400UniversityDrive
E-mail:[email protected] Fairfax
Virginia22030
UrsulaKirk USA
Apt.27B,222E.93rdStreet E-mail:[email protected]
NewYork
NewYork10128-3759 RalphM.Reitan
USA ReitanNeuropsychologyLaboratory
E-mail:[email protected] 2920S.4thAvenue
SouthTucson
MaritKorkman Arizona85713-4819
ProfessorofChildNeuropsychology USA
TheHospitalforChildrenandAdolescents E-mail:[email protected]
HelsinkiandUusimaaHospitalDistrict
Helsinki MargaretJoShepherd
Finland 454W.46thStreet
E-mail:[email protected] Apt.4C-S
NewYork
ElizabethO.Lichtenberger NewYork10036
SalkInstituteofBiologicalStudies USA
6740TeaTreeStreet E-mail:[email protected]
Carlsbad
California92009
USA
E-mail:[email protected]