Space Capacity Building in the XXI Century

435 Pages·2020·15.552 MB·English

by  Stefano Ferretti

Studies in Space Policy
Stefano Ferretti Editor
Space Capacity
Building in the
XXI Century
Studies in Space Policy
Volume 22
Series Editor
European Space Policy Institute, Vienna, Austria
Edited by: European Space Policy Institute, Vienna, Austria
Director: Jean-Jacques Tortora
Editorial Advisory Board:
Marek Banaszkiewicz
Karel Dobeš
Genevieve Fioraso
Stefania Giannini
Gerd Gruppe
Max Kowatsch
Sergio Marchisio
Fritz Merkle
Margit Mischkulnig
Dominique Tilmans
Frits von Meijenfeldt
https://espi.or.at/about-us/governing-bodies
The use of outer space is of growing strategic and technological relevance. The
development of robotic exploration to distant planets and bodies across the solar
system, as well as pioneering human space exploration in earth orbit and of the
moon, paved the way for ambitious long-term space exploration. Today, space
exploration goes far beyond a merely technological endeavour, as its further
development will have a tremendous social, cultural and economic impact. Space
activities are entering an era in which contributions of the humanities — history,
philosophy, anthropology —, the arts, and the social sciences — political science,
economics, law — will become crucial for the future of space exploration. Space
policythuswillgaininvisibilityandrelevance.TheseriesStudiesinSpacePolicy
shall become the European reference compilation edited by the leading institute in
thefield,theEuropeanSpacePolicyInstitute.Itwillcontainbothmonographsand
collections dealing with their subjects in a transdisciplinary way.
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8167
Stefano Ferretti
Editor
Space Capacity Building
in the XXI Century
123
Editor
StefanoFerretti
European Space Policy Institute
Vienna,Austria
ISSN 1868-5307 ISSN 1868-5315 (electronic)
Studies in SpacePolicy
ISBN978-3-030-21937-6 ISBN978-3-030-21938-3 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21938-3
©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2020
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Foreword
ItisagreathonourandanimmensepleasureformetointroducethisbookonSpace
Capacity Building in the XXI Century. It is the fruit of an intense effort made by
Stefano Ferretti to put together many contributions from a multitude of highly
knowledgeable experts on the various aspects of space capacity building from all
over the planet.
Itisalsoafollow-upandoneofthemanyoutcomesoftheoutstandingworkshop
on “Space2030 and Space 4.0: Synergies for Capacity Building in the XXI
Century”, organized by the European Space Policy Institute (ESPI), co-organized
by UNOOSA, with the support of ESA, on the 3rd of February 2018. This was a
contributiontothe—atthattimeupcoming—UNISPACE+50eventtocelebratethe
fiftieth anniversary of the first United Nations Conference on the Exploration and
Peaceful Uses of Outer Space.
The ambition of this book is to provide an extensive overview of the national
and international policy frameworks in relation to space capacity building and the
rationalesfortheiradoptiononaglobalscale.Themethodologyappliedconsistsof:
– Consideringvariousexamplesofspacecapacitybuildingeffortsacrossdifferent
regions as implemented by a range of actors from agencies to industry, from
NGOs to users;
– Presentingspacecapacitybuildingprogramsthatcanempowertheinternational
communitytowardsfullyaccessingallthepotentialbenefitsofspaceassetsand
data, for a sustainable socio-economic development.
Currently, new innovation models are increasingly spread across sectors and dis-
ciplines, including space, which is becoming an integral part of many societal
challenges (e.g. telecoms, weather, climate change and environmental monitoring,
civil protection, infrastructures, transportation and navigation, health care and
education).
Thisbook,editedbyESPI,isthefirstinternationalpublicationthatanalysesthe
multiple challenges associated with space capacity building across the board. It
assists readers in defining achievable ambitions in this matter, constructing their
own technical and operational road maps involving renowned and knowledgeable
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stakeholders but also new private actors, NGOs and civil society, and in mapping
out the available opportunities, summarizing the most appropriate programmatic
options for their successful implementation.
Starting from a policy and strategy perspective, the book dives into some key
areas of capacity building including innovation and exploration, global health,
climate change and resilient societies. It showcases reflections from a range of
senior space and non-space professionals as well as users from around the world,
who kindly agreed to share their unique perspectives and solutions to make space
technology and applications increasingly accessible.
The outcome is a rich mosaic where different cultural and policy approaches to
space are translated into actionable programs and ideas so that space may truly
benefit all of humankind.
Vienna, Austria Jean-Jacques Tortora
Director of the European Space Policy Institute
Preface
The space sector is undergoing a paradigmatic shift, which is bringing about a
rapidly evolving and increasingly complex space agenda with more participants,
both governmental and non-governmental, increasingly involved in ventures to
explore space and carry out space activities. As new spacefaring nations emerge,
the risk of duplicating activities and missing opportunities to improve our liveli-
hoods on Earth should be offset by promoting cooperation and the spread of best
practices and cutting-edge technologies across the globe, creating common
frameworks and dialogue platforms to accompany this process.
The year 2018 marked the 50th anniversary of the first United Nations
Conference on the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space—UNISPACE
+50. This conference reviewed the contributions that three previous UNISPACE
conferences (UNISPACE I, held in 1968, UNISPACE II, held in 1982, and
UNISPACE III, held in 1999) have made to global space governance. In line with
the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Sustainable Development
Goals, UNISPACE+50 aimed to chart thefuture role of the UN Committee on the
Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS), its subsidiary bodies and the United
NationsOfficeforOuterSpaceAffairs(UNOOSA).TheactivitiesofUNOOSAare
anintegralpartoftheUNISPACE+50thematiccycleandareaimedatcontributing
to four pillars: space economy, space society, space accessibility and space
diplomacy.
Ontheoccasionofthe50thanniversaryofthefirstUNISPACEConference,the
European Space Policy Institute also organized a high-level conference, together
withUNOOSAandtheEuropeanSpaceAgency.Theconferencewasstructuredas
adialogueplatformforarangeofdifferentactorswhohaveastakeinfuturespace
governance and services, and this book summarizes the relevant findings and
recommendations, outlining the synergies between the United Nations agenda
Space2030andtheSpace4.0strategyoftheEuropeanSpaceAgencyandproviding
insightsintovariousareasanddisciplinesthatarerelatedtothemostinnovativeand
recent socio-economic developments impacted by evolving space policies.
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The overarching framework of the book is Space Capacity Building in the XXI
Century and it is based on the high-level contributions from the key stakeholders
who will shape the space agendas and programs for the coming decades, proving
useful guidance to policymakers on a global scale and ultimately benefitting citi-
zens by fully exploiting the potential of space in addressing user needs. In fact,
“Capacity-building for the twenty-first century” is the 7th Thematic Priority of
UNISPACE+50 andit isthemost cross-cuttingaspect oftheinitiative, responding
totherequestofthevariousMemberStatesoftheUnitedNationsseekingtodefine
new innovative and effective approaches to overall capacity building and devel-
opment needs, as a fundamental pillar of global space governance.
Internationalcooperationisessentialinthenewspaceecosystem,andtherefore,
the book identifies potential synergies for capacity building on a global scale,
describing their guiding principles and providing concrete examples of these
evolving policies in Africa, America, Asia and Europe. In doing so, the various
contributions address the most prominent ongoing developments in the XXI cen-
tury, focusing on four thematic priorities of UNISPACE+50:
(cid:129) Global partnership in space exploration and innovation;
(cid:129) Strengthened space cooperation for global health;
(cid:129) International cooperation towards low-emission and resilient societies;
(cid:129) Capacity building for the twenty-first century.
Thereaderswillthereforebeabletoappreciateboththeholisticperspectivesofthe
high-level policies and strategies, as well as the programmatic developments in
theirmainareasofinterest,byexploringthefutureapproachesofthediversegroups
of stakeholders involved in innovation, exploration, global health and climate
change. These stakeholders contribute with individual chapters to the book,
describing in detail policies, strategies and programmatic actions in their areas of
interest.
Readers will find this book to be a starting point to identify local and regional
initiativeslinkingspaceactivitiesandamoresustainabledevelopmentofourworld,
drawing inspiration and identifying potential avenues to promote further collabo-
ration and create stronger networks for space capacity building in the twenty-first
century.
Vienna, Austria Stefano Ferretti
Acknowledgements
I would like to acknowledge the significant support in the conceptualization and
organization of the joint conference “Space2030 and Space 4.0: synergies for
capacity building in the XXI century”, which took place at ESPI in preparation of
UNISPACE+50, provided by the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs,
and its Director Simonetta Di Pippo, the European Space Agency, and its Chief
Strategy Officer Kai-Uwe Schrogl, and the European Space Policy Institute, its
Director Jean-Jacques Tortora, and the respective teams.
Aspecialmentiongoestotheco-chairsoftheESPI-UNOOSA-ESAconference
for their support in the management of its four sessions and for their valuable
insights in the construction of a rich narrative, which included different points of
view, personal experiences and a forward looking approach to space capacity
building: Natalia Archinard, Head of the Swiss Delegation to UN COPUOS
(Federal Department of Foreign Affairs), Ana Ávila, Costa Rica Delegation to
UN COPUOS, Yeshey Choden, Ministry of Information and Communications
(Bhutan), Lorant Czaran, Programme Officer (UNOOSA), Jorge Del Rio Vera,
ProgrammeOfficer(UNOOSA), Isabelle Duvaux-Béchon,Head of Member States
Relations and Partnerships Office (ESA), Funmilayo Erinfolami, Scientific Staff
(UN Regional Centre, Nigeria), Daniel Garcia Yarnoz, Programme Officer
(UNOOSA), Beth Healey, Former ESA Medical Doctor (Spaceflight Analogue
Concordia, Antarctica), Clelia Iacomino, Resident Fellow (ESPI), Shirishkumar
Ravan, Senior Programme Officer (UNOOSA), Luc St-Pierre, Chief of the Space
Applications Section (UNOOSA), and also to Otto Koudelka, Professor and Head
of the Institute of Communications Networks and Satellite Communications
(TU Graz), for providing the closing statement.
I am very grateful in particular to all the authors of the book chapters, that
believedinsuchanenterprise,joiningforcesandinvolvingmanykeystakeholders,
lookingatcapacitybuildingfromvariousdifferentangles,oftenthinkingoutofthe
boxwhilefocusingonmakingameaningfulsynthesisforthereaders,thatcannow
betakenupbykeydecision-makersindevelopinginnovativeframeworksforspace
capacitybuildingintheXXIcentury,forthebenefitofallhumankind.Inaddition,
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