South Africa: Time Running Out- The Report of the Study Commission on U.S. Policy Toward Southern Africa

588 Pages·1981·24.745 MB·English

by  Study Commission on U. S. Policy Toward

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The Report of the Study Commission on U.S. Poiicy Toward
Southern Africa
ATLANTIC
OCEAN
SENEGAL
Dakar* Banjul
GAMBIA\ Bamako uppEfiT
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Victoria*
SEYCHELLES
ATLANTIC
MADAGASCAR port
OCEAN * Louis
Antarjanarivo *
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, MAURITIUS
Maputo
Mbabane^
Maseru
miles SWAZILAND
SOUTH N
AFRICA LESOTHO
Africa
/

SOUTH AFRICA:
TIME
RUNNING
OUT
The Report of the Study Commission on U.S. Poiicy Toward Southern Africa
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS
FOREIGN POLICY STUDY FOUNDATION, INC.
University of California Press
Berkeley and Los Angeles, California
University of California Press, Ltd.
London, England
Copyright © 1981 by Foreign Policy Study Foundation, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Study Commission on U.S. Policy Toward Southern Africa
South Africa: Time running out
1. United States—Foreign relations—South Africa.
2. South Africa—Foreign relations—Unites States.
1. Title
E182.8.S6S78 1981 327.73068 81-2742
AACR2
cloth ISBN 0-520-04594-1
paper ISBN 0-520-04547-5
Printed in the United States of America
Book design by Samuel N. Antupit
Maps by General Cartography, Inc.
Contents
vii The Study Commission on U.S. Policy Toward Southern Africa
xi Foreword
xvii Introduction
xxiii Summary of Findings and Recommendations
1 South Africans Talking
PART I. SOUTH AFRICA
25 Chapter 1 The Road to Apartheid
42 Chapter 2 The People
48 Chapter 3 The Apparatus of Apartheid
67 Chapter 4 Civil Liberties
80 Chapter 5 The Workplace
101 Chapter 6 Housing, Education, and Health
128 Chapter 7 The Economy
147 Chapter 8 The Homelands
168 Chapter 9 Black Challenge
206 Chapter 10 White Rule
233 Chapter 11 Fortress South Africa
255 South Africans Talking
MAPS
Africa (inside covers)
24-25 Settlement in Southern Africa
56-57 South Africa
152-53 Homelands
\ . %
KwaZulu
304-05 Southern Africa and the World
Southern Africa: Transportation and Communication
TABLES
xxviii Policy Framework
154 Homelands: Constitutional Status, Political Leaders, Ethnic Groups
155 Homelands Legislatures
222 Afrikaner-English Views on Key Issues
223 Political Arrangements Preferred for Different Black Groups
According to Language Group of Respondents
225 White Perceptions of the Consequences of Change
226 Afrikaner and English Attitudes Toward Proposals for Change
228 Caucus and Cabinet Opinion
240 Indicators of the Southern African Military Balance
311 U.S. Dependence on South African Supplies of Four Key Minerals j/t
312 World Mine Production and Reserves of Four Key Strategic Minerals
319 U.S. Government Stockpiles and Private Inventories .
388 Policy Framework
PART II. THE WIDER STAGE
287 Chapter 12 South Africa in Africa
301 Chapter 13 South Africa’s Relations with Western Europe, Japan,
Israel, and Latin America
310 Chapter 14 Strategic Minerals
323 Chapter 15 The Communist States and Southern Africa
340 Chapter 16 The United States and South Africa ^
367 South Africans Talking
PART III. POLICY
390 Chapter 17 U.S. Interests >|-
395 Chapter 18 South African Realities and Trends
The Commission’s Findings
410 Chapter 19 Policy Objectives and Actions
455 Conclusion
457 Appendix A Organizations and Individuals Contacted
462 Appendix B Sullivan Principles for U.S. Firms Operating in South
Africa 4"
465 Appendix C South African Government Actions
472 Glossary
477 Abbreviations
479 Bibliography
491 Biographies of the Study Commission and Selected Staff
497 Index
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