Sophrosyne And The Rhetoric Of Self-Restraint: Polysemy & Persuasive Use Of An Ancient Greek Value Term (Mnemosyne, Bibliotheca Classica Batava Supplementum)

392 Pages·2005·1.6 MB·English

by  Adriaan Rademaker

SOPHROSYNE AND THE RHETORIC OF
SELF-RESTRAINT
MNEMOSYNE
BIBLIOTHECA CLASSICA BATAVA
COLLEGERUNT
H. PINKSTER •H.S. VERSNEL
I.J.F. DE JONG •P.H. SCHRIJVERS
BIBLIOTHECAE FASCICULOS EDENDOS CURAVIT
H. PINKSTER, KLASSIEK SEMINARIUM, SPUISTRAAT 134, AMSTERDAM
SUPPLEMENTUM DUCENTESIMUM QUINQUAGESIMUM NONUM
ADRIAAN RADEMAKER
SOPHROSYNE AND THE RHETORIC OF
SELF-RESTRAINT
SOPHROSYNE AND
THE RHETORIC OF
SELF-RESTRAINT
POLYSEMY & PERSUASIVE USE OF AN
ANCIENT GREEK VALUE TERM
BY
ADRIAAN RADEMAKER
BRILL
LEIDEN•BOSTON
2005
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A C.I.P. record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISSN 0169-8958
ISBN 90 04 14251 7
© Copyright 2005 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands
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To the memory of
Professor Dr C.M.J. Sicking
in gratitude for his teaching

CONTENTS
Preface............................................................................................. xi
Chapter One Introduction...................................................... 1
1. Aims of the Investigation:(cid:2)!vfro!Ênhin Plato
and in non-philosophical Greek....................................... 1
2. The Meanings of !vfro!Ênh: An Overview
provided by Plato’s Charmides............................................ 3
3. Problems with Traditional Semantic
Descriptions of !vfro!Ênh................................................. 7
4. Contrasting Theories of Language and Meaning:
Structuralist versus Cognitive Approaches...................... 14
5. Contrasting Conceptions of Categorisation:
The ‘Classical Approach’ versus Cognitive Linguistics.. 19
6. Requirements for a Semantic Description
of!≈frvnand Cognates.................................................... 26
7. Theoretical Apparatus for Addressing
these Requirements............................................................ 30
8. The Disposition of this Study: Theory Versus Practice.. 35
Chapter Two Homer................................................................ 41
1. Introduction......................................................................... 41
2. %aofro!Ênhand the Rationalisation of Restraint
in Homer.............................................................................. 42
3. Restraint and Concern for Others: Afid≈!....................... 50
4. Loss or Destruction of fr°ne!:
the Critique of Unaccountable Behaviour...................... 54
5. Models of Good Sense and Control:
Penelope, Telemachus and Odysseus.............................. 61
5.1. Penelope....................................................................... 62
5.2. Telemachus.................................................................. 68
5.3. Odysseus........................................................................ 70
6. Conclusion............................................................................ 74
viii CONTENTS
Chapter Three Archaic Poetry................................................... 75
1. Introduction:!vfro!Ênhand the Male Citizen.............. 75
2. Political Uses of !vfro!Ênh: Theognidea, Pindar,
Bacchylides........................................................................... 76
3. !vfro!Ênhin Private Life................................................... 92
4. Conclusion............................................................................ 97
Chapter Four Aeschylus............................................................ 99
1. Introduction......................................................................... 99
2. Restraint of Violence and Respect for the Gods:
Seven Against Thebes, Oresteia....................................... 102
3. Quiet Behaviour and Control of Emotion:
Seven Against Thebes, Suppliant Women....................... 113
4. Subjects and Authorities: Obedience............................... 117
5. Conclusion............................................................................ 120
Chapter Five Sophocles........................................................... 123
1. Introduction......................................................................... 123
2. Ajax........................................................................................ 125
3. Electra..................................................................................... 133
4. The ‘Prudential’ !vfro!Ênhof the Non-Heroic Citizen 137
5. Conclusion............................................................................ 141
Chapter Six Euripides............................................................ 143
1. Introduction......................................................................... 143
2. The Use of !≈frvnand Cognates in Euripides: Men... 145
3. The Use of !≈frvnand Cognates in Euripides:
Women.................................................................................. 153
4. Different Views on !vfro!Ênh: The Farmer in Electra... 161
5. Hippolytus.............................................................................. 163
6. Bacchae................................................................................... 173
7. Medea..................................................................................... 182
8. Conclusion............................................................................ 188
Chapter Seven Historiography.................................................. 191
1. Introduction......................................................................... 191
2. Herodotus............................................................................. 194
3. Thucydides........................................................................... 201
3.1. !vfro!Ênhin External and Internal Politics........... 203
CONTENTS ix
3.2. !vfro!Ênhin Sparta.................................................... 208
3.3. !vfro!Ênhas a Political Slogan in Athens............... 216
3.4. The Chapter on !tã!i!................................................ 218
3.5. Conclusion.................................................................... 221
Chapter Eight Aristophanes and the Orators........................ 223
1. Introduction......................................................................... 223
2. Aristophanes: The !vfro!Ênhof the Ordinary Citizen 225
3. The Attic Orators: the !≈frvn pol¤th!........................... 233
4. The!vfro!Ênhof the pÒli!............................................... 247
5. Conclusion............................................................................ 249
Chapter Nine Preliminary Conclusions: The Meaning of
!vfro!Ênhin Plato’s Time: A Synchronic Description............ 251
1. Introduction......................................................................... 251
2. The Uses of !≈frvnand Cognates in Plato’s Time:
A Synchronic Conspectus................................................... 252
3. Turning Our Data into a ‘Network’:
Parameters and Some Legenda........................................ 270
3.1. The Central Parameters: Who is !≈frvnand
What are the Manifestations of !vfro!Ênh............. 270
3.2. Individual Perspectives: Which Speakers Insist
on!vfro!Ênh?.............................................................. 271
3.3. Physical Manifestations of !vfro!Ênh...................... 272
3.4. The Connections between the Groups of Uses:
The Synchronic Conspectus
and Individual Authors: The Abstract Schemata... 274
4. The Specialised/Restricted Use of
Some Cognate Terms: A Note on !vfrÒnv!,
!vfron¤zein, !vfroni!tÆ! and!vfrÒni!ma...................... 288
5. An Outlook: Towards Plato............................................... 291
Chapter Ten Plato.................................................................... 293
1. Introduction......................................................................... 293
2. Polysemous!vfro!Ênh and the ‘Unity’ of Virtue.......... 295
3. !vfro!Ênh, !of¤a anddikaio!Ênh:Protagoras................... 299
4. !vfro!Ênh and éndre¤a:Laches.......................................... 305
5. !vfro!Ênhandéndre¤a:Gorgias......................................... 310
6. !vfro!Ênhandéndre¤a:RepublicandPoliticus................. 317
x CONTENTS
7. Polysemous!vfro!Ênh and the ‘Unity’ of Virtue:
Conclusion............................................................................ 322
8. The Definition of !vfro!Ênh:Charmides.......................... 323
8.1. The First Definition: ≤!ux¤a....................................... 326
8.2. The Second Definition: afid≈!................................... 329
8.3. The Third Definition: tå •autoË prãttein.............. 330
8.4. The Fourth Definition: Self-Knowledge.................. 332
8.5. Charmides: Conclusions............................................... 339
9. The Definition of !vfro!Ênh:Republic............................. 341
10.Plato and !vfro!Ênh: Conclusions................................... 349
References....................................................................................... 357
General Index................................................................................. 367
Index of Greek Terms................................................................... 369
Selective Index of Works and Passages....................................... 371