Table Of ContentSomatic and Autonomic Regulation
in Sleep
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E. Lugaresi • P. L. Parrneggiani (Eds)
Somatic and Autonomic
Regulation in Sleep
Physiological and Clinical
Aspects
Springer
PROF. ELlO LUGARESI PROF. PIER LUIGI PARMEGGIANI
Universita di Bologna Universita di Bologna
Istituto di Neurologia Dipartimento di Fisiologia
Via Ugo Foscolo 7 Umana e Generale
40123 Bologna, Italy Piazza Porta San Donato 2
40127 Bologna, Italy
Die Deutsche Bibliothek -CIP-Einheitsaufnahme
Somatic and autonomic regulation in sleep: physiological and
clinical aspects / E. Lugaresi; P. 1. Parmeggiani (ed.). -Milano;
Berlin; Heidelberg; New York ; Barcelona; Budapest; Hong Kong;
London; Paris; Santa Clara; Singapore; Tokyo: Springer, 1997
ISBN 978-88-470-2277-5 ISBN 978-88-470-2275-1 (eBook)
DOl 10.1007/978-88-470-2275-1
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Preface
This volume contains the contributions to a course entitled "Sleep and its
Pathology", which was organized by the Advanced School of the Italian Neuro
science Society at the "Alessandro Volta" Center of Scientific Culture (Villa Olmo,
Como, Italy, May 9-10,1996).
The course was aimed at informing the medical audience about recent deve
lopments in the field with particular regard to the work of the sleep laboratories
of the University of Bologna.
The first part of this book presents experimental results dealing with the bio
chemical specificity of hypothalamic sleep mechanisms, cerebral metabolism
during sleep and the sleep-dependent systemic cardiovascular adjustments in
relation to blood perfusion and thermal homeostasis of the brain. The second
part covers pathophysiological aspects of human sleep, namely the circadian
rhythm of body core temperature in neurodegenerative diseases, the descriptive
epidemiology of excessive daytime sleepiness, the disorders of breathing and
motor control in sleep and the syndrome of nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. The
Editors hope that the book may be useful not only to specifically interested rea
ders, but also to general practitioners.
The Editors wish to express special thanks to Professor Eugenio E. Muller for
his suggestion to collect the lectures in book-form.
The Editors thank the authors for their contributions to the course and to this
publication and express their appreciation to Springer-Verlag for helping make
this monography possible.
Bologna, fuli 1997 Elio Lugaresi
Pier Luigi Parmeggiani
The Authors wish to thank Synthelabo for the support
in the realization oft his volume
Indice
Part I
Biochemistry, Metabolism and Physiology of Sleep
1 Biochemical Approach to the Wake-Sleep Cycle . . . . . . . . 3
2 Regulation of Cerebral and Extracerebral Circulation
During the Wake-Sleep Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 25
3 Effects of Systemic Circulation on Hypothalamic
Temperature in the Behavioural States of Sleep ........ 43
Part II
Pathophysiological Aspects of Human Sleep
4 Circadian Rhythm of Body Core Temperature in
Neurodegenerative Diseases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 55
5 Descriptive Epidemiology of Excessive Daytime
Sleepiness ........................................ 73
6 Breathing Disorders and Sleep ...................... 87
7 Disorders of Motor Control and Sleep ................ 107
8 The Syndrome of Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy. . . .. 125
Subject Index ....................................... 137
List of Contributors
AMICI R.,3
AZZARONI A., 43
CERULLO A., 125
CIRIGNOTTA F., 87
COCCAGNA G., 87
CORTELL! P., 55
D' ALESSANDRO R., 73
c.,
FRANZINI 25
LENZI P., 25
LUGARESI E., 55,107,125
MONTAGNA P., 107
PARMEGGIANI P.L., 43
PEREZ E.,3
PIERANGEL! G., 55
PLAZZI G., 55,107,125
PROVINI F., 55,107,125
RINALDI R., 73
TINUPER P., 125
TONON C., 73
VIGNATELL! L., 73
ZAMBONI G., 3
ZOCCOL! G., 25
List of Abbreviations
ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone GH growth hormone
ADH antidiuretic hormone GHT geniculohypothalamic tract
ADNFLE autosomal dominant nocturnal
frontal lobe epilepsy HF high frequency
AF autonomic failure HR heart rate
AI apnea index
ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis IGL intergeniculate
cAMP adenosine 3':5'-cyclic IPPY intermittent positive pressure
monophosphate ventilation
ANS autonomic nervous system
AS active sleep Km Michaelis constant
BcT body core temperature LF low frequency band
BiPAP bilevel positive airway pressure LH luteinizing hormone
BMI body mass index
BNSQ basic nordic sleep questionnaire MSA multiple system atrophy
MSLT multiple sleep latency test
CAN central autonomic network
CBF cerebral blood flow NM nocturnal myoclonus
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary NREM Non REM or synchronized sleep
disease
CPAP continuous positive airway OSAS obstructive sleep apnea
pressure syndrome
CR circadian rhythm
PAF pure autonomic failure
ECG electrocardiogram PaC02 partial pressure of carbon
EEG electroencephalogram dioxide in arterial blood
EDS excessive daytime sleepiness Pa02 partial pressure of oxygen
EMG electromyogram in arterial blood
EOG electro-oculogram PO-AH preoptic-anterior hypothalamic
ESS Epworth sleepiness scale area
PRL prolactin
FFI fatal familial insomnia PRNP prion protein
c-fos cellular-FBJ (Finkel, Biskis, PSM propriospinal myoclonus
Jinkins) murine osteogenic PSQI Pittsburg sleep quality index
sarcoma virus oncogene
(proto-oncogene) QS quiet sleep
List of Abbreviations
RBD REM sleep behaviour disorders Thy hypothalamic temperature
REM rapid eye movement or Tp pons temperature
desynchronized sleep TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone
RHT retinohypothalamic tract
RLS restless legs syndrome uppp uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
Sa02 percent saturation of hemoglo- Vmax maximal rate of formation of
bin with oxygen in arterial blood products in an enzyme catalyzed
seN suprachiasmatic nucleus reaction
SWAI sleep-wake activity inventory
Ta ambient temperature W wake
